@article{2-s2.0-85121653518,

title = {Effect of drought and heavy metal contamination on growth and photosynthesis of silver birch trees growing on post-industrial heaps},

author = { K. Sitko and M. Opała-Owczarek and G. Jemioła and Ż. Gieroń and M. Szopiński and P. Owczarek and M. Rudnicka and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85121653518&doi=10.3390%2fcells11010053&partnerID=40&md5=49e0f5180a420dc9454161db9382a90e},

doi = {10.3390/cells11010053},

issn = {20734409},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Cells},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Silver birch trees (Betula pendula Roth) are a pioneering species in post-industrial habitats, and have been associated with an expansive breeding strategy and low habitat requirements. We conducted ecophysiological and dendroclimatological studies to check whether there are any features of which the modification enables birch trees to colonise extreme habitats successfully. We characterised the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, the gas exchange, the content of pigments in leaves, and the growth (leaf thickness and tree-ring width) of birch trees on a post-coal mine heap, a post-smelter heap, and a reference site. Birch growth was limited mainly by temperature and water availability during summer, and the leaves of the birch growing on postindustrial heaps were significantly thicker than the reference leaves. Moreover, birch trees growing on heaps were characterised by a significantly higher content of flavonols and anthocyanins in leaves and higher non-photochemical quenching. In addition, birches growing on the post-coal mine heap accumulated a concentration of Mn in their leaves, which is highly toxic for most plant species. Increasing the thickness of leaves, and the content of flavonols and anthocyanins, as well as efficient non-photochemical quenching seem to be important features that improve the colonization of extreme habitats by birches. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85108896930,

title = {The different faces of arabidopsis arenosa—a plant species for a special purpose},

author = { Ż. Gieroń and K. Sitko and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85108896930&doi=10.3390%2fplants10071342&partnerID=40&md5=cf109151e0f2a5f879f7762e931151a3},

doi = {10.3390/plants10071342},

issn = {22237747},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Plants},

volume = {10},

number = {7},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {The following review article collects information on the plant species Arabidopsis arenosa. Thus far, A. arenosa has been known as a model species for autotetraploidy studies because, apart from diploid individuals, there are also tetraploid populations, which is a unique feature of this Arabidopsis species. In addition, A arenosa has often been reported in heavy metal-contaminated sites, where it occurs together with a closely related species A. halleri, a model plant hyperaccumulator of Cd and Zn. Recent studies have shown that several populations of A. arenosa also exhibit Cd and Zn hyperaccumulation. However, it is assumed that the mechanism of hyperaccumulation differs between these two Arabidopsis species. Nevertheless, this phenomenon is still not fully understood, and thorough research is needed. In this paper, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding research on A. arenosa. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85099815533,

title = {Ecophysiology of Arabidopsis arenosa, a new hyperaccumulator of Cd and Zn},

author = { Ż. Gieroń and K. Sitko and P. Zieleźnik-Rusinowska and M. Szopiński and M. Rojek-Jelonek and A. Rostański and M. Rudnicka and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099815533&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhazmat.2021.125052&partnerID=40&md5=88d8211a77cf4282548591dddcd9342b},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125052},

issn = {03043894},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},

volume = {412},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Arabidopsis arenosa is a pseudo-metallophyte, closely related to the model hyperaccumulator of Cd and Zn Arabidopsis halleri. A. arenosa occurs naturally in both diploid (2C) and tetraploid (4C) form, in contrast to A. halleri in which only diploid forms were found. Moreover, A. arenosa similarly to A. halleri often occupies heavy metal (HM) contaminated sites. Nevertheless, knowledge about the ecophysiology of this species is very limited. Therefore, we examined fourteen populations of A. arenosa of different ploidy from Central Europe in situ, focusing on photosynthetic efficiency, pigment content and ability to accumulate selected elements. The presented results indicate that several tetraploid populations exhibit the features of Cd and Zn hyperaccumulation. On the one hand, we noted differences in physiological parameters between the studied populations, on the other, harshness of the environment caused similar physiological response such as high HM pollution. All these features suggest that A. arenosa, especially as a new hyperaccumulator of Cd and Zn and autopolyploidyzation model, may be considered a very interesting research object, particularly when investigating the mechanisms of HMs accumulation and tolerance in plants. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85105478282,

title = {Is the age of novel ecosystem the factor driving arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in poa compressa and calamagrostis epigejos?},

author = { G. Woźniak and D. Chmura and E. Małkowski and P. Zieleźnik-Rusinowska and K. Sitko and B. Ziemer and A. Błońska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85105478282&doi=10.3390%2fplants10050949&partnerID=40&md5=27acd0c14d3bf379d322763479c460ef},

doi = {10.3390/plants10050949},

issn = {22237747},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Plants},

volume = {10},

number = {5},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Some sites transformed or created by humans (novel ecosystem) are different both in vegetation and ecosystems establishment and development. The unknown habitat conditions and new species composition is resulting in new abiotic and biotic systems. To improve the understanding of the process governing the relationships between the environmental factors, plant species assemblages and their arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation were studied in chronosequence on post-coal mine heaps. We hypothesized that AMF root colonization will be dependent on the age of heap and not on the dominant plant species (vegetation type). The high frequency of mycorrhizal colonization of roots (F%) of Poa compressa-and Calamagrostis epigejos-dominated vegetation type was stated. All mycorrhizal parameters were lower in C. epigejos roots when compared to P. compressa (ranging from 60% to 90%). The highest relative mycorrhizal intensity, M%, and mean abundance of arbuscula, A%, in the roots of both examined plants were recorded in vegetation patches dominated by Daucus carota. Positive and statistically significant correlations were found between F%, M%, and A%, and lack of correlation between the heaps’ age and mycorrhizal parameters, and statistically significant correlations between A% and potassium and magnesium content were revealed. The interspecific relations in the novel ecosystems become more complex along with the increase of diversity. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85100579054,

title = {Adaptation of Arabidopsis halleri to extreme metal pollution through limited metal accumulation involves changes in cell wall composition and metal homeostasis},

author = { M. Corso and X. An and C.Y. Jones and V. Gonzalez-Doblas and M.S. Schvartzman and E. Małkowski and W.G.T. Willats and M. Hanikenne and N. Verbruggen},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100579054&doi=10.1111%2fnph.17173&partnerID=40&md5=3a000516b292e23e004ea275f5926088},

doi = {10.1111/nph.17173},

issn = {0028646X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {New Phytologist},

volume = {230},

number = {2},

pages = {669-682},

publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {Metallophytes constitute powerful models for the study of metal homeostasis, adaptation to extreme environments and the evolution of naturally selected traits. Arabidopsis halleri is a pseudometallophyte which shows constitutive zinc/cadmium (Zn/Cd) tolerance and Zn hyperaccumulation but high intraspecific variability in Cd accumulation. To examine the molecular basis of the variation in metal tolerance and accumulation, ionome, transcriptome and cell wall glycan array profiles were compared in two genetically close A. halleri populations from metalliferous and nonmetalliferous sites in Northern Italy. The metallicolous population displayed increased tolerance to and reduced hyperaccumulation of Zn, and limited accumulation of Cd, as well as altered metal homeostasis, compared to the nonmetallicolous population. This correlated well with the differential expression of transporter genes involved in trace metal entry and in Cd/Zn vacuolar sequestration in roots. Many cell wall-related genes were also more highly expressed in roots of the metallicolous population. Glycan array and histological staining analyses demonstrated that there were major differences between the two populations in terms of the accumulation of specific root pectin and hemicellulose epitopes. Our results support the idea that both specific cell wall components and regulation of transporter genes play a role in limiting accumulation of metals in A. halleri at contaminated sites. © 2021 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2021 New Phytologist Foundation},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85092471159,

title = {Different strategies of Cd tolerance and accumulation in Arabidopsis halleri and Arabidopsis arenosa},

author = { M. Szopiński and K. Sitko and S. Rusinowski and P. Zieleźnik-Rusinowska and M. Corso and A. Rostański and M. Rojek-Jelonek and N. Verbruggen and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85092471159&doi=10.1111%2fpce.13883&partnerID=40&md5=4f1af6b2114a9cba7a10c73ac3c07316},

doi = {10.1111/pce.13883},

issn = {01407791},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Plant Cell and Environment},

volume = {43},

number = {12},

pages = {3002-3019},

publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {Pseudometallophytes are commonly used to study the evolution of metal tolerance and accumulation traits in plants. Within the Arabidopsis genus, the adaptation of Arabidopsis halleri to metalliferous soils has been widely studied, which is not the case for the closely related species Arabidopsis arenosa. We performed an in-depth physiological comparison between the A. halleri and A. arenosa populations from the same polluted site, together with the geographically close non-metallicolous (NM) populations of both species. The ionomes, growth, photosynthetic parameters and pigment content were characterized in the plants that were growing on their native site and in a hydroponic culture under Cd treatments. In situ, the metallicolous (M) populations of both species hyperaccumulated Cd and Zn. The NM population of A. halleri hyperaccumulated Cd and Zn while the NM A. arenosa did not. In the hydroponic experiments, the NM populations of both species accumulated more Cd in their shoots than the M populations. Our research suggests that the two Arabidopsis species evolved different strategies of adaptation to extreme metallic environments that involve fine regulation of metal homeostasis, adjustment of the photosynthetic apparatus and accumulation of flavonols and anthocyanins. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85079467816,

title = {Combined use of companion planting and PGPR for the assisted phytoextraction of trace metals (Zn, Pb, Cd)},

author = { A. Konkolewska and A. Piechalak and L. Ciszewska and N. Antos-Krzemińska and T. Skrzypczak and A. Hanć and K. Sitko and E. Małkowski and D. Barałkiewicz and A. Małecka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079467816&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-020-07885-3&partnerID=40&md5=dcdc64ddf8d94a1600ff9843ccb9b2cf},

doi = {10.1007/s11356-020-07885-3},

issn = {09441344},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},

volume = {27},

number = {12},

pages = {13809-13825},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {Biomass production and metal accumulation in plant tissue (bioconcentration) are two critical factors limiting the phytoextraction rate. Metal translocation to aboveground organs should be accounted for as the third most important factor, as harvesting of the plant roots is usually economically disadvantageous. These three parameters could be potentially increased with the use of companion planting, a well-known agricultural technique, and inoculation with plant growth–promoting bacteria (PGPB). The aim of the study was to determine whether intercropping and inoculation with endophytic PGPB (Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJNT) can increase the efficiency of phytoextraction of Zn, Pb, and Cd. The study was conducted on Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. “Małopolska” grown in a monoculture or co-planted with Zea mays L. “Codimon” and Medicago sativa L. “Sanditi.” Results show that companion planting and inoculation with rhizobacteria can increase the efficiency of metal phytoextraction, mainly by increasing the yield of dry biomass and the survival rate of plants grown on contaminated soil. We have shown that the simultaneous planting of B. juncea with M. sativa and inoculation with PGPB were the most efficient variants of assisted phytoextraction reaching a recovery of 95% Zn, 90% Cd, and on average about 160% Pb compared with control B. juncea plants grown in monoculture. © 2020, The Author(s).},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85082256652,

title = {Hormesis in plants: The role of oxidative stress, auxins and photosynthesis in corn treated with CD or PB},

author = { E. Małkowski and K. Sitko and M. Szopiński and Ż. Gieroń and M. Pogrzeba and H.M. Kalaji and P. Zieleźnik-Rusinowska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85082256652&doi=10.3390%2fijms21062099&partnerID=40&md5=d0da0e2d871a72f588bcd16f20258c75},

doi = {10.3390/ijms21062099},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {21},

number = {6},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Hormesis, which describes the stimulatory effect of low doses of toxic substances on growth, is a well-known phenomenon in the plant and animal kingdoms. However, the mechanisms that are involved in this phenomenon are still poorly understood. We performed preliminary studies on corn coleoptile sections, which showed a positive correlation between the stimulation of growth by Cd or Pb and an increase in the auxin and H2O2 content in the coleoptile sections. Subsequently, we grew corn seedlings in hydroponic culture and tested a wide range of Cd or Pb concentrations in order to determine hormetic growth stimulation. In these seedlings the gas exchange and the chlorophyll a fluorescence, as well as the content of chlorophyll, flavonol, auxin and hydrogen peroxide, were measured. We found that during the hormetic stimulation of growth, the response of the photosynthetic apparatus to Cd and Pb differed significantly. While the application of Cd mostly caused a decrease in various photosynthetic parameters, the application of Pb stimulated some of them. Nevertheless, we discovered that the common features of the hormetic stimulation of shoot growth by heavy metals are an increase in the auxin and flavonol content and the maintenance of hydrogen peroxide at the same level as the control plants. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {40},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85085360825,

title = {Development and aging of photosynthetic apparatus of vitis vinifera L. During growing season},

author = { K. Sitko and S. Rusinowski and M. Pogrzeba and A. Daszkowska-Golec and Ż. Gieroń and H.M. Kalaji and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85085360825&doi=10.32615%2fps.2019.107&partnerID=40&md5=915a57b5dae35616a9b4abf2b8edbb85},

doi = {10.32615/ps.2019.107},

issn = {03003604},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Photosynthetica},

volume = {58},

number = {Special Issue},

pages = {186-193},

publisher = {Institute of Experimental Botany, ASCR},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to examine the development and aging of chosen grapevine leaves in situ during the growing season (130 d) using chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence measurements and determining the changes in pigment contents. During the course of photosystems development, the increase of Chl and decrease of anthocyanin contents in leaves was observed simultaneously. On 28th day, the maximum content of Chl and minimum content of anthocyanins was measured. However, the maximal photosynthetic performance was found one week later, when the content of Chl started to diminish. Our study proved that the achievement of maximal photosynthetic performance of each leaf took about quarter of organ life and this state lasted very shortly. In this work, we described and discussed for the first time the dynamics of Chl, anthocyanins, and flavonols combined with photosynthetic efficiency changes during the leaf life in situ. © The authors.},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85072909603,

title = {Influence of short-term macronutrient deprivation in maize on photosynthetic characteristics, transpiration and pigment content},

author = { K. Sitko and Ż. Gieroń and M. Szopiński and P. Zieleźnik-Rusinowska and S. Rusinowski and M. Pogrzeba and A. Daszkowska-Golec and H.M. Kalaji and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85072909603&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-019-50579-1&partnerID=40&md5=19c9ddd1e85d50ea693ffe9056d05506},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-50579-1},

issn = {20452322},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Scientific Reports},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},

abstract = {The aim of the research was to compare the impact of short-term deprivation of selected macronutrients (Ca; K; Mg and P) on the photosynthetic characteristics, transpiration and pigment content in maize. The strongest inhibition of photosynthesis was caused by a deprivation of Mg, which was visible as a decrease in the photosynthetic and transpiration rates, stomatal conductance, photosystem II (PSII) performance, chlorophyll and flavonol content with a simultaneously increased content of anthocyanins. In the K-deprived plants, a decrease in the photosynthetic rate was observed. However, the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance did not differ significantly compared with the control. In the K-deprived plants, a decrease in chlorophyll and an increase in the anthocyanin content were also observed. We showed that Ca starvation resulted in a decrease in the photosynthetic and transpiration rates, stomatal conductance and PSII performance, while the pigment content was not significantly different compared with the control. In the case of P-deprived plants, we observed a decrease in the photosynthetic and transpiration rates. Interestingly, the inhibition of stomatal conductance was the strongest in the P-deprived plants compared with all of the investigated elements. However, the performance of PSII was not significantly affected by P starvation compared with the control. Our results present for the first time a comprehensive analysis of the effect of short-term macronutrient deprivation on photosynthesis and transpiration in maize plants. © 2019, The Author(s).},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85068432292,

title = {Toxic effects of cd and zn on the photosynthetic apparatus of the Arabidopsis halleri and Arabidopsis arenosa pseudo-metallophytes},

author = { M. Szopiński and K. Sitko and Ż. Gieroń and S. Rusinowski and M. Corso and C. Hermans and N. Verbruggen and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068432292&doi=10.3389%2ffpls.2019.00748&partnerID=40&md5=4431c7b5000ee92ff389fa16385f38cf},

doi = {10.3389/fpls.2019.00748},

issn = {1664462X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},

volume = {10},

publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},

abstract = {Hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance of Trace Metal Elements (TME) like Cd and Zn are highly variable in pseudo-metallophytes species. In this study we compared the impact of high Cd or Zn concentration on the photosynthetic apparatus of the Arabidopsis arenosa and Arabidopsis halleri pseudo-metallophytes growing on the same contaminated site in Piekary Slaskie in southern Poland. Plants were grown in hydroponic culture for 6 weeks, and then treated with 1.0 mM Cd or 5.0 mM Zn for 5 days. Chlorophyll a fluorescence and pigment content were measured after 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days in plants grown in control and exposed to Cd or Zn treatments. Moreover, the effect of TME excess on the level of oxidative stress and gas-exchange parameters were investigated. In both plant species, exposure to high Cd or Zn induced a decrease in chlorophyll and an increase in anthocyanin contents in leaves compared to the control condition. After 5 days Cd treatment, energy absorbance, trapped energy flux and the percentage of active reaction centers decreased in both species. However, the dissipated energy flux in the leaves of A. arenosa was smaller than in A. halleri. Zn treatment had more toxic effect than Cd on electron transport in A. halleri compared with A. arenosa. A. arenosa plants treated with Zn excess did not react as strongly as in the Cd treatment and a decrease only in electron transport flux and percentage of active reaction centers compared with control was observed. The two species showed contrasting Cd and Zn accumulation. Cd concentration was almost 3-fold higher in A. arenosa leaves than in A. halleri. On the opposite, A. halleri leaves contained 3-fold higher Zn concentration than A. arenosa. In short, our results showed that the two Arabidopsis metallicolous populations are resistant to high Cd or Zn concentration, however, the photosynthetic apparatus responded differently to the toxic effects. © 2019 Szopiński, Sitko, Gieroń, Rusinowski, Corso, Hermans, Verbruggen and Małkowski.},

note = {46},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85058948957,

title = {How autochthonous microorganisms influence physiological status of Zea mays L. cultivated on heavy metal contaminated soils?},

author = { S. Rusinowski and A. Szada-Borzyszkowska and P. Zieleźnik-Rusinowska and E. Małkowski and J. Krzyżak and G. Woźniak and K. Sitko and M. Szopiński and J.P. McCalmont and H.M. Kalaji and M. Pogrzeba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85058948957&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-018-3923-9&partnerID=40&md5=ed246b6eba8d11082baf8d65cc55c8ed},

doi = {10.1007/s11356-018-3923-9},

issn = {09441344},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},

volume = {26},

number = {5},

pages = {4746-4763},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of autochthonous microorganisms present in soil collected from heavy metal (HM) uncontaminated (Pb ≈ 59 mg kg −1 ; Cd ≈ 0.4 mg kg −1 ; Zn ≈ 191 mg kg −1 ), moderately (Pb ≈ 343 mg kg −1 ; Cd ≈ 12 mg kg −1 ; Zn ≈ 1876 mg kg −1 ), and highly (Pb ≈ 1586 mg kg −1 ; Cd ≈ 57 mg kg −1 ; Zn ≈ 3280 mg kg −1 ) contaminated sites on Zea mays elemental composition, physiological status, and growth parameters. For this purpose, half of the collected soil was sterilized and soil characterization was performed. After 45 days of cultivation, the presence of HM in the soil negatively affected photosynthesis and transpiration rates, relative chlorophyll content, anthocyanins index, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and content of oxidative stress products (H 2 O 2 and Malondialdehyde) of Zea mays, while soil sterilization had a positive effect on those parameters. Average percentage of colonization of root segments by arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi decreased with an increase of HM contamination in the soil. The increase in shoot concentration of HMs, particularly Cd and Zn, was a result of contaminated soils sterilization. Aboveground biomass of maize cultivated on sterilized soil was 3-fold, 1.5-fold, and 1.5-fold higher for uncontaminated, moderately contaminated and highly contaminated soils respectively when compared to nonsterilized soils. Contrary to our expectation, autochthonous microflora did not improve plant growth and photosynthetic performance; in fact, they had a negative effect on those processes although they did reduce concentration of HMs in the shoots grown on contaminated soils. © 2018, The Author(s).},

note = {19},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85034211337,

title = {Biominerals and waxes of Calamagrostis epigejos and Phragmites australis leaves from post-industrial habitats},

author = { E. Talik and A. Guzik and E. Małkowski and G. Woźniak and E.M. Sierka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85034211337&doi=10.1007%2fs00709-017-1179-8&partnerID=40&md5=83e71fe0846a0a67b3ca4c2fbbfd4721},

doi = {10.1007/s00709-017-1179-8},

issn = {0033183X},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Protoplasma},

volume = {255},

number = {3},

pages = {773-784},

publisher = {Springer-Verlag Wien},

abstract = {Vascular plants are able to conduct biomineralization processes and collect synthesized compounds in their internal tissues or to deposit them on their epidermal surfaces. This mechanism protects the plant from fluctuations of nutrient levels caused by different levels of supply and demand for them. The biominerals reflect both the metabolic characteristics of a vascular plant species and the environmental conditions of the plant habitat. The SEM/EDX method was used to examine the surface and cross-sections of the Calamagrostis epigejos and Phragmites australis leaves from post-industrial habitats (coal and zinc spoil heaps). The results from this study have showed the presence of mineral objects on the surfaces of leaves of both grass species. The calcium oxalate crystals, amorphous calcium carbonate spheres, and different silica forms were also found in the inner tissues. The high variety of mineral forms in the individual plants of both species was shown. The waxes observed on the leaves of the studied plants might be the initializing factor for the crystalline forms and structures that are present. For the first time, wide range of crystal forms is presented for C. epigejos. The leaf samples of P. australis from the post-industrial areas showed an increased amount of mineral forms with the presence of sulfur. © 2017, The Author(s).},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85039808811,

title = {Contrasting cadmium resistance strategies in two metallicolous populations of Arabidopsis halleri},

author = { M. Corso and M.S. Schvartzman and F. Guzzo and F. Souard and E. Małkowski and M. Hanikenne and N. Verbruggen},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85039808811&doi=10.1111%2fnph.14948&partnerID=40&md5=d6d39b3c76f53cb0323b695b66d3dc5e},

doi = {10.1111/nph.14948},

issn = {0028646X},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {New Phytologist},

volume = {218},

number = {1},

pages = {283-297},

publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {While cadmium (Cd) tolerance is a constitutive trait in the Arabidopsis halleri species, Cd accumulation is highly variable. Recent adaptation to anthropogenic metal stress has occurred independently within the genetic units of A. halleri and the evolution of different mechanisms involved in Cd tolerance and accumulation has been suggested. To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying Cd tolerance and accumulation in A. halleri, ionomic inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), transcriptomic (RNA sequencing) and metabolomic (high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry) profiles were analysed in two A. halleri metallicolous populations from different genetic units (PL22 from Poland and I16 from Italy). The PL22 and I16 populations were both hypertolerant to Cd, but PL22 hyperaccumulated Cd while I16 behaved as an excluder both in situ and when grown hydroponically. The observed hyperaccumulator vs excluder behaviours were paralleled by large differences in the expression profiles of transporter genes. Flavonoid-related transcripts and metabolites were strikingly more abundant in PL22 than in I16 shoots. The role of novel A. halleri candidate genes possibly involved in Cd hyperaccumulation or exclusion was supported by the study of corresponding A. thaliana knockout mutants. Taken together, our results are suggestive of the evolution of divergent strategies for Cd uptake, transport and detoxification in different genetic units of A. halleri. © 2017 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2017 New Phytologist Trust},

note = {56},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85029223648,

title = {Photosynthetic efficiency as bioindicator of environmental pressure in A. halleri},

author = { K. Sitko and S. Rusinowski and H.M. Kalaji and M. Szopiński and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029223648&doi=10.1104%2fpp.17.00212&partnerID=40&md5=9f9fc0b28706273baccb1cea45b86305},

doi = {10.1104/pp.17.00212},

issn = {00320889},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Plant Physiology},

volume = {175},

number = {1},

pages = {290-302},

publisher = {American Society of Plant Biologists},

abstract = {In earlier ecophysiological studies that were conducted on Arabidopsis halleri plants, scientists focused on the mechanisms of Cd and Zn hyperaccumulation but did not take into consideration the environmental factors that can significantly affect the physiological responses of plants in situ. In this study, we investigated A. halleri that was growing on two nonmetalliferous and three metalliferous sites, which were characterized by different environmental conditions. We compared these populations in order to find differences within the metallicolous and nonmetallicolous groups that have not yet been investigated. The concentrations of several elements in the plant and soil samples also were investigated. To our knowledge, the concentration and fluorescence of chlorophyll were measured for A. halleri in situ for the first time. Our study confirmed the hyperaccumulation of Cd and Zn for each metallicolous population. For the metallicolous populations, the inhibition of parameters that describe the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus with increasing accumulations of heavy metals in the shoots also was observed. It was found that the nonmetallicolous plant populations from the summit of Ciemniak Mountain had larger antenna dimensions and chlorophyll content but a lower percentage of active reaction centers. To our knowledge, in this study, the internal high physiological diversity within the populations that inhabit metalliferous and nonmetalliferous sites is presented for the first time. © 2017 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.},

note = {43},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85016433200,

title = {Relationships between soil parameters and physiological status of Miscanthus x giganteus cultivated on soil contaminated with trace elements under NPK fertilisation vs. microbial inoculation},

author = { M. Pogrzeba and S. Rusinowski and K. Sitko and J. Krzyżak and A. Skalska and E. Małkowski and D. Ciszek and S. Werle and J.P. McCalmont and M. Mos and H.M. Kalaji},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85016433200&doi=10.1016%2fj.envpol.2017.03.058&partnerID=40&md5=dada2118b0044028b6e2d515be9a120c},

doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.058},

issn = {02697491},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Pollution},

volume = {225},

pages = {163-174},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Crop growth and development can be influenced by a range of parameters, soil health, cultivation and nutrient status all play a major role. Nutrient status of plants can be enhanced both through chemical fertiliser additions (e.g. N; P; K supplementation) or microbial fixation and mobilisation of naturally occurring nutrients. With current EU priorities discouraging the production of biomass on high quality soils there is a need to investigate the potential of more marginal soils to produce these feedstocks and the impacts of soil amendments on crop yields within them. This study investigated the potential for Miscanthus x giganteus to be grown in trace element (TE)-contaminated soils, ideally offering a mechanism to (phyto)manage these contaminated lands. Comprehensive surveys are needed to understand plant-soil interactions under these conditions. Here we studied the impacts of two fertiliser treatments on soil physico-chemical properties under Miscanthus x giganteus cultivated on Pb, Cd and Zn contaminated arable land. Results covered a range of parameters, including soil rhizosphere activity, arbuscular mycorrhization (AM), as well as plant physiological parameters associated with photosynthesis, TE leaf concentrations and growth performance. Fertilization increased growth and gas exchange capacity, enhanced rhizosphere microbial activity and increased Zn, Mg and N leaf concentration. Fertilization reduced root colonisation by AMF and caused higher chlorophyll concentration in plant leaves. Microbial inoculation seems to be a promising alternative for chemical fertilizers, especially due to an insignificant influence on the mobility of toxic trace elements (particularly Cd and Zn). © 2017 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {44},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84992695558,

title = {Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in selected organs of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and their potential use as air contamination bioindicators},

author = { B.F. Palowski and E. Małkowska and R. Kurtyka and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and E. Gucwa-Przepióra and Ł. Małkowski and A. Woźnica and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84992695558&doi=10.15244%2fpjoes%2f62641&partnerID=40&md5=3b5d4f2962a2474fd71235d35cb20d61},

doi = {10.15244/pjoes/62641},

issn = {12301485},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Polish Journal of Environmental Studies},

volume = {25},

number = {5},

pages = {2085-2096},

publisher = {HARD Publishing Company},

abstract = {We analyzed concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn in bark, leaves, young shoots, pericarp, and seeds of Robinia pseudoacacia from several sites (three industrial cities and two rural villages) in southern Poland. The objective of the study was to determine the possible usefulness of various organs and tissues of this species for biomonitoring. The analyses showed that bark and leaves are organs that may serve as good bioindicators. The lowest concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn were found in one of the industrial cities in the area. On the other hand, the concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn were similar in the rural areas when compared to the concentrations observed in the cities. The high level of metal contamination of air in rural areas may be a result of the long-range transport of emissions. Also, the use of bark and leaves of R. pseudoacacia enables us to estimate the level of contamination by Fe and Cu of areas in the vicinity of railway tracks. On the basis of the data presented in this paper and the data from references, a conclusion can be drawn that the bark and leaves of R. pseudoacacia are good bioindicators of metal contamination of air in towns and cities with different traffic intensities and within the surroundings of industrial plants and railway tracks. R. pseudoacacia was also used for the first time to assess the long-range transport of emissions. © 2016, HARD Publishing Company. All rights reserved.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84892398846,

title = {Arbuscular mycorrhiza of Deschampsia cespitosa (Poaceae) at different soil depths in highly metal-contaminated site in southern Poland},

author = { E. Gucwa-Przepióra and J. Błaszkowski and R. Kurtyka and L. Makowskil and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84892398846&doi=10.5586%2fasbp.2013.033&partnerID=40&md5=ab0b003cc0a59535a68219e98884b43c},

doi = {10.5586/asbp.2013.033},

issn = {00016977},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae},

volume = {82},

number = {4},

pages = {251-258},

publisher = {Polish Botanical Society},

abstract = {This study presents root colonization of Deschampsia cespitosa growing in the immediate vicinity of a former Pb/Zn smelter by arbuscular mycorhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septated endophytes (DSE) at different soil depths. AMF spores and species distribution in soil profile were also assessed. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and DSE were found in D. cespitosa roots at all investigated soil levels. However, mycorrhizal colonization in topsoil was extremely low with sporadically occurring arbuscules. AM parameters: frequency of mycorrhization of root fragments (F%), intensity of root cortex colonization (M%), intensity of colonization within individual mycorrhizal roots (m%), and arbuscule abundance in the root system (A%) were markedly higher at 20-40, 40-60 cm soil levels and differed in a statistically significant manner from AM parameters from 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers. Mycorrhizal colonization was negatively correlated with bioavailable Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations. The number of AMF spores in topsoil was verlow and increased with soil depth (20-40 and 40-60 cm). At the study area spores of three morphologically distinctive AMF species were found: Archaeospora trappei, Funneliformis mosseae and Scutellospora dipurpurescens. The fourth species Glomus tenue colonized roots of D. cespitosa and was observed in the root cortex at 20-40 and 40-60 soil depth, however, its spores were not found at the site.©The Author(s) 2013 Published by Polish Botanical Society.},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84861099047,

title = {Interactive effects of temperature and heavy metals (Cd, Pb) on the elongation growth in maize coleoptiles},

author = { R. Kurtyka and E. Małkowski and Z. Burdach and A. Kita and W. Karcz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84861099047&doi=10.1016%2fj.crvi.2012.03.012&partnerID=40&md5=4346ff3f622d042a44a2211c75624cb4},

doi = {10.1016/j.crvi.2012.03.012},

issn = {16310691},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Comptes Rendus - Biologies},

volume = {335},

number = {4},

pages = {292-299},

abstract = {The effect of Cd and Pb on endogenous and IAA-induced elongation growth and medium pH of maize coleoptile segments incubated at 20, 25 and 30 °C was studied. It was found that the elongation of coleoptile segments and proton extrusion increased with the temperature and reached its maximum at 30 °C. For Cd, the maximal inhibition of endogenous and IAA-induced growth as well as medium acidification of coleoptile segments was observed at 25 °C. Meanwhile, Pb, irrespective of the temperature, diminished the growth of the segments by ca. 20%, increasing the acidification of the incubation medium. It was also found that in contrast to Cd, Pb accumulation in maize coleoptile segments did not correlate with temperature. The results suggest that the toxic effect of Cd on elongation growth of coleoptile segments is connected with the decrease of the PM H +-ATPase activity and probably with Cd-induced high acivity of IAA oxidase, whereas the effect of Pb did not depend on activity of any of the enzymes. © 2012 Académie des sciences.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84883199219,

title = {How to Grow Environmental - Sound Biofuels},

author = { A. Sas-Nowosielska and M. Pogrzeba and A. Kita and E. Małkowski and H. Sas-Nowosielska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84883199219&doi=10.1007%2f978-94-007-0253-0_19&partnerID=40&md5=d4be259fe7c6bbffcebecfd3b677d9c7},

doi = {10.1007/978-94-007-0253-0_19},

issn = {18746519},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security},

volume = {1},

pages = {317-330},

abstract = {EU strategy of renewable energy development assumes an increase of energy from renewable sources, up to 7.5% in 2010 and to 14% in 2020. In terms of that project production and usage of woody and herbaceous energy crops for power and heat generation on contaminated sites is said to be a pro20 position for wide spectrum of brownfields. Persistent soil pollutants, like heavy metals, are source of soil degradation and create the most complicated problems, as the phenomenon of natural attenuation, which is functioning in case of many other pollutants, is not applicable here. For environmental friendly combustion process (Nussbaumer; 2003) plants used as energy crop, should be free from harmful compounds. There is a luck of easily available information related to the physiological properties of plants concerning heavy metals uptake. Heavy metal concentration in plants is related to the plant species and cultivars. Possibilities of using the list of plants with the low level of heavy metal shoot concentration should help to grow environmentally safe energetic crop. For production of biomass with low level of heavy metals different chemo31 stabilization scenarios for various areas are expected. First contaminated soils should be remediated before energy crop production. Chemicals introduced to the soil bind metals and diminish metal uptake by plants. Appropriate soil pH also could stabilize metal migration in the soil compartment. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84883180545,

title = {A Heavy Metal Environmental Threat Resulting from Combustion of Biofuels of Plant Origin},

author = { M. Pogrzeba and J. Krzyżak and A. Sas-Nowosielska and W. Majtkowski and E. Małkowski and A. Kita},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84883180545&doi=10.1007%2f978-94-007-0253-0_13&partnerID=40&md5=8a24b9fd749611a4bbed1ee4056042d0},

doi = {10.1007/978-94-007-0253-0_13},

issn = {18746519},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security},

volume = {1},

pages = {213-225},

abstract = {Several assessments of the potential biomass supply in Europe show that the best means of biomass production are growing energy crops on agricultural land. Cultivation of energy crops on agricultural areas might lead to accumulation of heavy metals in plant tissues and reemission of contaminants into the atmosphere during combustion. The goal of the present study was to assess how soil contamination influences heavy metals accumulation in energy plant tissues. The current paper presents the results of screening of selected plants (Spartina pectinata; Miscanthus sp.; Helianthus tuberosus; Elymus elongatus) conducted in uncontaminated region of Poland (North-Eastern part of the country) aimed at finding natural abilities to uptake small amounts of heavy metals and accumulate is in the plant tissue. Based on this screening, Miscanthus sp. was tested on heavy metal contaminated arable soil in Southern Poland. This species accumulates high amounts of metals what may cause high emission of contaminants during biomass combustion. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-64249103472,

title = {N-way exploration of environmental data obtained from sequential extraction procedure},

author = { I. Stanimirova and A. Kita and E. Małkowski and E. John and B. Walczak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-64249103472&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemolab.2009.02.004&partnerID=40&md5=474e6cb746e1331474fbc52fe8a78d12},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemolab.2009.02.004},

issn = {01697439},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems},

volume = {96},

number = {2},

pages = {203-209},

abstract = {The Tucker method, extended to cope with five-way data, was considered to study the effectiveness of a chosen remediation procedure and the effect of so-called 'aging' on the fractionation of heavy metals like Cu, Cd, Zn, Al, Pb, Fe and Mn in contaminated soil. Specifically, the goal was to understand the influence of soil pH (way 1) on the process of immobilization of those heavy metals (way 2) supposedly bound in different forms (way 3) in heavily contaminated soil samples amended with different amounts of organic matter (way 4) over time (way 5). The huge amount of data collected can be seen as a five-way array as - pH × heavy metals × extractions × organic content × time. The results obtained through the use of the five-mode Tucker model of definite complexity showed that the changes in mobility and bioavailability of metals over time are beneficial. In general, the potentially toxic elements that were analysed became less 'available' over time. The same tendency was observed with an increase in soil pH. It is worth noting that the amendment of soil with organic matter seems to have no influence on the mobility reduction of heavy metals in this case. This effect was probably masked by the predominant changes in mobility of metals over time. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-38949197090,

title = {Effect of calcium and cadmium on growth and accumulation of cadmium, calcium, potassium and sodium in maize seedlings},

author = { R. Kurtyka and E. Małkowski and A. Kita and W. Karcz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-38949197090&partnerID=40&md5=82815e4249ff6d2a432ee031e3d217bc},

issn = {12301485},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Polish Journal of Environmental Studies},

volume = {17},

number = {1},

pages = {51-56},

abstract = {We examined cadmium (0.1 mmol/1) toxicity and effect of different calcium concentrations (0.1;1.0; and 10.0 mmol/1) on the growth of organs (root; mesocotyl and coleoptile) of 4-day-old maize seedlings in hydroponic cultures. The influence of both metals on distribution of cadmium, calcium, potassium and sodium in the organs of maize seedlings was also studied. Calcium at a concentration of 1.0 mmol/l increased the growth of all organs in comparison with the growth in 0.1 and 10.0 mmol/ l CaCl2. Cadmium inhibited maize organ growth in the presence of 0.1 and 1.0 mmol/l CaCl2. whereas cadmium toxicity was not observed at 10.0 mmol/l CaCl2. It was found that the content of both metals in maize seedling organs rose with increasing concentrations of Ca or Cd in the hydroponic solutions. Cadmium administration together with 10.0 mmol/l CaCl2 led to an increase in calcium concentrations in roots and coleoptiles. The highest calcium concentration (10.0 mmol/1) caused a decrease in the cadmium concentration in roots. The addition of cadmium with 0.1 or 1.0 mmol/l CaCl2 diminished potassium accumulation in the roots. By contrast, potassium content in the roots was not altered by cadmium when calcium was applied at a concentration of 10.0 mmol/l CaCl2. Sodium content in maize seedlings was not affected in the presence of both cadmium and calcium at a concentration of 0.1 or 1.0 mmol/l. whereas cadmium with 10.0 mmol/l CaCl2 decreased sodium accumulation in the roots. Thus, we conclude that the positive effect of highest concentration of calcium on the growth in the presence of Cd relay on the maintenance of high concentration of potassium in the roots.},

note = {43},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-38349061064,

title = {Remediation aspect of microbial changes of plant rhizosphere in mercury contaminated soil},

author = { A. Sas-Nowosielska and R. Galimska-Stypa and R. Kucharski and U. Zielonka and E. Małkowski and L. Gray},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-38349061064&doi=10.1007%2fs10661-007-9732-0&partnerID=40&md5=c455a34301dd29b8f621d50de67f3f1e},

doi = {10.1007/s10661-007-9732-0},

issn = {01676369},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment},

volume = {137},

number = {1-3},

pages = {101-109},

abstract = {Phytoremediation, an approach that uses plants to remediate contaminated soil through degradation, stabilization or accumulation, may provide an efficient solution to some mercury contamination problems. This paper presents growth chamber experiments that tested the ability of plant species to stabilize mercury in soil. Several indigenous herbaceous species and Salix viminalis were grown in soil collected from a mercury-contaminated site in southern Poland. The uptake and distribution of mercury by these plants were investigated, and the growth and vitality of the plants through a part of one vegetative cycle were assessed. The highest concentrations of mercury were found at the roots, but translocation to the aerial part also occurred. Most of the plant species tested displayed good growth on mercury contaminated soil and sustained a rich microbial population in the rhizosphere. The microbial populations of root-free soil and rhizosphere soil from all species were also examined. An inverse correlation between the number of sulfur amino acid decomposing bacteria and root mercury content was observed. These results indicate the potential for using some species of plants to treat mercury contaminated soil through stabilization rather than extraction. The present investigation proposes a practical cost-effective temporary solution for phytostabilization of soil with moderate mercury contamination as well as the basis for plant selection. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007.},

note = {57},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-36549036174,

title = {Effect of chemophytostabilization practices on arbuscular mycorrhiza colonization of Deschampsia cespitosa ecotype Waryński at different soil depths},

author = { E. Gucwa-Przepióra and E. Małkowski and A. Sas-Nowosielska and R. Kucharski and J. Krzyżak and A. Kita and P.F.A.M. Römkens},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-36549036174&doi=10.1016%2fj.envpol.2007.01.024&partnerID=40&md5=339bdc4ed209d907fa6eb37b500d9c57},

doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2007.01.024},

issn = {02697491},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Pollution},

volume = {150},

number = {3},

pages = {338-346},

abstract = {The effects of chemophytostabilization practices on arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) of Deschampsia cespitosa roots at different depths in soils highly contaminated with heavy metals were studied in field trials. Mycorrhizal parameters, including frequency of mycorrhization, intensity of root cortex colonization and arbuscule abundance were studied. Correlations between concentration of bioavailable Cd, Zn, Pb and Cu in soil and mycorrhizal parameters were estimated. An increase in AM colonization with increasing soil depth was observed in soils with spontaneously growing D. cespitosa. A positive effect of chemophytostabilization amendments (calcium phosphate; lignite) on AM colonization was found in the soil layers to which the amendments were applied. Negative correlation coefficients between mycorrhizal parameters and concentration of bioavailable Cd and Zn in soil were obtained. Our results demonstrated that chemophytostabilization practices enhance AM colonization in D. cespitosa roots, even in soils fertilized with high rates of phosphorus. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-21244482220,

title = {The use of indigenous plant species and calcium phosphate for the stabilization of highly metal-polluted sites in southern Poland},

author = { R. Kucharski and A. Sas-Nowosielska and E. Małkowski and J. Japenga and J.M. Kuperberg and M. Pogrzeba and J. Krzyżak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-21244482220&doi=10.1007%2fs11104-004-8068-6&partnerID=40&md5=ca6440c0737928e1444a466e1837264a},

doi = {10.1007/s11104-004-8068-6},

issn = {0032079X},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Plant and Soil},

volume = {273},

number = {1-2},

pages = {291-305},

abstract = {Highly metal-polluted (Pb; Cd; Zn) soil from a non-ferrous mine and smelter site in southern Poland, further referred to as "Waryński" soil, was used to test indigenous plant species for stabilization effectiveness of heavy metals in soils. Results of pilot investigations with commercially available cultivars of plant species showed that these cultivars could not grow on this highly polluted soil even with the application of soil amendments to stabilize the heavy metals. Based on these results, mesocosm and field experiments with an indigenous, metal-tolerant ecotype of Deschampsia cespitosa from the Waryñski site were carried out. The mesocosm experiment showed that applications of calcium phosphate (3.8% w/w) as a heavy metal-stabilizing amendment decreased Cd and Zn concentrations 2 and 3-fold respectively in leachates, whereas lead content was not significantly changed. This decrease in the concentration of heavy metals in leachates was correlated with a lower accumulation of Pb, Cd and Zn in the roots and shoots of D. cespitosa, ecotype Waryñski. In the field experiment, lower accumulations of Cd in roots and shoots and Zn in shoots in the amendment added plot were observed during the second year of investigations. In the first growing season, D. cespitosa plant cover in the amendment enriched mesocosms ranged from 95 to 100%, compared to 10% in mesocosms without calcium phosphate. In the second year of the experiment, in non-amendment enriched mesocosms D. cespitosa was substituted with Cardaminopsis arenosa(95% cover). C. arenosa is an undesirable species for phytostabilization, as it accumulates high amounts of zinc and cadmium in its shoots, even thought it provided better growth cover in not amended soils. However, in amended mesocosms, soil surface cover by D. cespitosa was still very high (90%). Similar results were obtained in field experiments. Addition of calcium phosphate to the soil also resulted in excellent D. cespitosa root system development when compared to soils without amendment. In amended mesocosms, high plant cover and root system development significantly decreased the volume of leachates and improved water retention. These results indicate that the use of D. cespitosa, ecotype Waryński in combination with calcium phosphate as a heavy metals immobilizing agent is sufficient to restore a dense vegetative cover to highly heavy metal-polluted soil. © Springer 2005.},

note = {72},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-14944385530,

title = {Accumulation of Pb and Cd and its effect of Ca distribution in maize seedlings (Zea mays L.)},

author = { E. Małkowski and R. Kurtyka and A. Kita and W. Karcz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-14944385530&partnerID=40&md5=df72ebdd5442e3f27ed9b931bce1254b},

issn = {12301485},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Polish Journal of Environmental Studies},

volume = {14},

number = {2},

pages = {203-207},

abstract = {In the present study the accumulation of Pb and Cd in maize seedlings (Zea mays L.; cv. K33 × F2) and its effect on the content of Ca in their organs were investigated. The influence of both metals on dry weight yield was also studied. Concentrations of Pb, Cd and Ca were measured in 15 mm-long apical root segments as well as in whole mesocotyls and coleoptiles after 24 h of incubation of seedlings in hydroponic solutions. It was observed that in Pb- or Cd-treated maize seedlings the dry weight of root apical segments was markedly increased, whereas in the shoots it was less affected. It was also found that the content of both metals in maize seedling organs rose with increasing concentrations of Pb or Cd in the hydroponic solutions. The highest concentrations of both metals were observed in roots, in which the accumulation of Pb was 10-fold higher than that of Cd. By contrast, higher accumulation of Cd than Pb was found in mesocotyl and coleoptile. These data suggest that the mechanisms of Pb and Cd translocation from roots to shoots are different and that the accumulation of Ca in roots and its translocation to shoots was less affected by Pb than Cd.},

note = {25},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-15444378640,

title = {Mineral composition in rhizosphere of plants grown in the vicinity of a Zn-Pb ore flotation tailings pond. Preliminary study},

author = { J. Cabała and E. Teper and L. Teper and E. Małkowski and A. Rostański},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-15444378640&partnerID=40&md5=c0080db302b40be598c3ae5240f6e77f},

issn = {00015296},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica},

volume = {46},

pages = {65-73},

abstract = {Mineral forms in rhizosphere and bulk substrate were examined for selected plant species (Cardaminopsis arenosa; Calamagrostis epigeios; Deschampsia caespitosa; Festuca ovina; Silene vulgaris; Viola tricolor) growing spontaneously in the close vicinity of a tailings pond and in a zone of eolian transmission of waste particles. Samples of substrates and plant roots were taken from sites in the Bolesław orefield near Olkusz. The substrates together with plant roots were studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Apart from quartz and carbonates, the most frequent mineral phases found were crystalline and amorphous Fe oxides, as well as primary Fe, Zn and Pb sulphides (marcasite; pyrite; sphalerite; galena). Hydrated Ca, Mg and Fe sulphates (gypsum; epsomite and melanterite) and other secondary minerals (smithsonite; cerussite; otavite; and Fe; K and Mg aluminosilicates) were found at larger concentrations in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil, suggesting that plant roots can change the mineral composition of the soil. © Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow 2004.},

note = {17},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0347951170,

title = {Phytoextraction crop disposal - An unsolved problem},

author = { A. Sas-Nowosielska and R. Kucharski and E. Małkowski and M. Pogrzeba and J.M. Kuperberg and K. Kryński},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0347951170&doi=10.1016%2fj.envpol.2003.09.012&partnerID=40&md5=eac0e2a8e86043300a4138a4fb701195},

doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2003.09.012},

issn = {02697491},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Pollution},

volume = {128},

number = {3},

pages = {373-379},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Several methods of contaminated crop disposal after phytoextraction process (composting; compaction; incineration; ashing; pyrolysis; direct disposal; liquid extraction) have been described. Advantages and disadvantages of methods are presented and discussed. Composting, compaction and pyrolysis are the pretreatment steps, since significant amount of contaminated biomass will still exist after each of the process. Four methods of final disposal were distinguished: incineration, direct disposal, ashing and liquid extraction. Among them, incineration (smelting) is proposed as the most feasible, economically acceptable and environmentally sound. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},

note = {244},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0041785873,

title = {Accumulation of zinc and lead in selected taxa of the genus Viola L.},

author = { M. Jędrzejczyk and A. Rostański and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0041785873&partnerID=40&md5=58b8eea3da0c63cd338fd5190a903cc4},

issn = {00015296},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica},

volume = {44},

pages = {49-55},

abstract = {This study investigates the effect of high concentrations of Pb and Zn on biomass production and accumulation of both metals in zinc violets (Viola calaminaria and Viola guestphalica) and two species of violets indigenous to Poland (Viola lutea sudetica and Viola tricolor). The influence of the plants on soil pH also was assessed. The soil used in the experiments, containing 183 mg kg-1 Zn and 53.4 mg kg-1 Pb, was spiked with Zn and Pb at 1,000 mg/kg soil (Treatment 1) or Zn at 10,000 mg/kg and Pb at 1,000 mg/kg (Treatment 2). Zn concentrations were found to be higher in roots than in shoots in all investigated species. In zinc violets, Zn content in the soil correlated with Zn concentrations in plant tissue, both roots and above-ground parts. There was no such dependence among indigenous violets. Since all confirmed hyperaccumulators accumulate metals preferentially in shoots, with lower concentrations in roots, our results suggest that zinc violets should not be classified as Zn hyperaccumulators. V. l. sudetica occurs naturally on soils with low heavy metals content. Its roots accumulated the highest amount of Zn (6,498 mg/kg) observed in the current study with no toxic effects. Roots were able to change the soil pH, but the differences were not significant. V. l. sudetica and V. tricolor increased biomass significantly in Treatment 1 versus the control, but in Treatment 2 neither species differed in biomass from the control. In Viola guestphalica no influence of treatments on dry weight was observed. We suggest that zinc violets can be useful for phytorestoration of contaminated sites.},

note = {17},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0036587226,

title = {Lead distribution in corn seedlings (Zea mays L.) and its effect on growth and the concentrations of potassium and calcium},

author = { E. Małkowski and A. Kita and W. Galas and W. Karcz and J.M. Kuperberg},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0036587226&doi=10.1023%2fA%3a1020305400324&partnerID=40&md5=fc3baedf171a3c4e07cadea7d47da7fb},

doi = {10.1023/A:1020305400324},

issn = {01676903},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Plant Growth Regulation},

volume = {37},

number = {1},

pages = {69-76},

abstract = {It was observed that dry weight yield is not a sensitive parameter with which to assess lead toxicity to plants. Elongation growth of corn seedling roots was more sensitive to lead than shoot growth and was inhibited by all concentrations tested (10-5, 10-4 and 10-3 M). It was positively correlated with potassium concentration and negatively correlated with lead concentration in the roots. Negative correlation also was observed between lead concentration and potassium concentration in roots. It is postulated that inhibition of corn root growth is connected with potassium leakage from root cells. The toxic action of lead on corn seedling mesocotyl and coleoptile growth was not correlated with potassium concentration in plant tissue and correlation between growth and lead concentration was low. In seedlings treated with 10-4 and 10-3 M lead the growth of mesocotyl and coleoptile was affected similarly, although the concentration of lead was threefold higher in mesocotyl tissue than in coleoptile tissue. It is proposed that depression of corn seedlings shoot growth is not an effect of potassium leakage or lead accumulation but of an unknown signal induced in roots, as a response to exposure to lead, which is transmitted to shoots. The positive correlation between lead and calcium concentrations found in seedling roots might be connected with high constitutional tolerance of corn to lead. Since the first 8 mm of an apical root accounts for 50% of the lead accumulated by the whole root, it is postulated that rhizofiltration of lead contaminated waters should be more efficient when plant species with highly branched root systems are used.},

note = {70},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0010626792,

title = {Toxic effect of Pb2+ ions on extension growth of cereal plants},

author = { E. Małkowski and J. Stolarek and W. Karcz},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0010626792&partnerID=40&md5=6c32465799ab45943ea0d819f310fe4b},

issn = {12301485},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {Polish Journal of Environmental Studies},

volume = {5},

number = {1},

pages = {41-45},

abstract = {The effects of lead salts (chloride, nitrate, acetate) on the elongation growth of three cereal species (maize, wheat, rye) under the same growth conditions were studied. It has been found that the most toxic lead compound for maize was acetate, while the most sensitive to lead chloride was wheat. It is suggested that in order to obtain comparable results in experiments on the effects of different heavy metals on plant growth, the same salts of metals should be used.},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84989741886,

title = {The dose‐response curves for IAA induced elongation growth and acidification of the incubation medium of Zea mays coleoptile segments},

author = { W. Karcz and J. Stolarek and M.A. Pietruszka and E. Małkowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84989741886&doi=10.1111%2fj.1399-3054.1990.tb04405.x&partnerID=40&md5=3937e32beaddf84846928c2559f90f9c},

doi = {10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb04405.x},

issn = {00319317},

year  = {1990},

date = {1990-01-01},

journal = {Physiologia Plantarum},

volume = {80},

number = {2},

pages = {257-261},

abstract = {The initial dose‐response curves for auxin‐induced elongation growth of Zea mays L. coleoptile segments and simultaneously measured changes of pH of the incubation medium were studied. It was found that these curves are bell‐shaped on all occasions and that at all IAA concentrations studied acidification of the incubation medium took place. The optimum response for IAA‐induced elongation growth and acidification of the incubation medium was 10−5 and 10−4M IAA, respectively. The regression curves and correlation coefficients between magnitude of the growth response and acidification of the incubation medium indicated a close relationship between these sets of data over a wide range of IAA concentrations. Copyright © 1990, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved},

note = {25},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}