@article{2-s2.0-85180369062,

title = {Weathering alterations of coal mining wastes geochemistry, petrography, and mineralogy, a case study from the Janina and Marcel Coal Mines, Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland)},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and M. Szczerba and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Więcław and E. Szram and Á. Nádudvari and Z. Ciesielska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85180369062&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2023.104407&partnerID=40&md5=7f614415c47e1227af2cb9b820a07022},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2023.104407},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {281},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Weathering-caused alterations in coal mining waste geochemistry, petrography, and mineralogy occurring in the known time span of 1998–2018 in the temperate climate of Poland were investigated. A series of coal mining waste rocks representing two parts of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), differing in coalification stage, i.e., corresponding to sub-bituminous and bituminous coals, have been selected to find how the level of organic matter conditionates the weathering. Differences in organic matter content, petrographic composition, rock mineralogy and inorganic geochemistry were also taken into account. Whereas organic petrography, including vitrinite reflectance values, do not show significant weathering signs, apart from irregular cracks and, in very rare cases, paler in color oxidation rims, organic geochemistry has been affected due to low-temperature secondary processes, including increased oxygen index values, particularly in less mature coal mining wastes. Biomarker distribution has been changed to the largest extent, with partial removal of n-alkanes possibly due to biodegradation of organic matter and water-washing of lighter polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including alkyl naphthalenes. Organic matter of lower maturity in coal mining wastes from the USCB eastern part, as more reactive, showed a higher level of secondary transformations. Minerals formed during weathering due to time and storage on dumps were mainly oxidation products of iron sulphides: goethite and jarosite; however, most of the minerals have not been altered. Thus, despite physical changes in coal mining wastes, such as increased brittleness, decreasing fragment size and surface color change, there are only limited changes in inorganic chemistry and mineralogy. This indicates that low-temperature processes do not favour the inorganic elements release to the environment and points out that measures to prevent self-heating within the dumps are the most vital part of post-mining activity leading to the best scenario - slow low-temperature weathering of coal mining wastes. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85178139519,

title = {Organic minerals in a self-heating coal-waste dump in Upper Silesia, Poland: Structure, formation pathways and environmental issues},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and T. Krzykawski and M. Jabłońska and M.J. Fabiańska and K. Skrzyńska and A.K. Abramowicz and M. Książek and J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85178139519&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2023.104403&partnerID=40&md5=94234ee56c791a04257a02baf301f8af},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2023.104403},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {281},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The study presents research on the unusual appearance of purple-colored organic minerals, ravatite (phenanthrene) and freitalite (anthracene), occurring in the migrating front wall of a heating spot in the Bytom coal waste dump (Upper Silesia Coal Basin; Poland). These minerals are known to be sublimation products, but their formation mechanism remains unclear. Additional minor components are fluorene, dibenzothiophene, naphthothiophenes, dibenzofuran, and their alkyl-derivatives, and n-C17 – n-C20 alkanes. Temperatures were surprisingly low (30–60 °C on the surface) at the sampling sites, though such large amounts of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) typically form in a burning environment where temperatures reach 800–1000 °C. The relatively low temperatures suggest that the primary mechanism of formation was not direct evaporation (desublimation) of phenanthrene and anthracene from coal-waste gases but that their occurrence may reflect a catalytical polymerization of ethylene on iron (III) chloride synthesized in a reaction between HCl and a common Fe mineral such as goethite. Subsequently, both minerals crystallized on the cold dump surface. High concentrations of phenanthrene and anthracene in self-heating products, testified by ravatite and freitalite, mean that self-heating of coal waste may significantly increase backgrounds of environmental pollution by PAHs. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85147541252,

title = {Preservation of labile organic compounds in sapropelic coals from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M. Misz-Kennan and M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and T. Krzykawski and B.R.T. Simoneit and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85147541252&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2023.104186&partnerID=40&md5=396c170a48381df292c872f303db8608},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2023.104186},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {267},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Sapropelic coals were taken for study from coal mines and coal waste dumps in Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), Poland. They showed unusual molecular compositions reflecting immature characteristics. The vitrinite reflectances 0.65-1.00% indicated mature organic matter (OM) and agreed with the Rock Eval Tmax (421-444oC). The OM maturity also was supported by the geochemical ratios, i.e., alkylnaphthalenes, dimethylphenanthrenes, methylbiphenyls and dibenzofuran or phenol and its methyl derivatives in the southern part of USCB. The petrographic features showed fine-grained and laminated OM, which is typical for sapropel with a dominance of vitrinite and inertinite macerals. The presence of fusinites and natural chars reflects paleowildfires prior to coal formation and/or peat fires. It is also confirmed by the presence of anthracene, methyl-anthracenes, and oxygen-containing aromatic compounds like anthrone, xanthone, fluorenone, and benzofluoren-11-ones. Rock Eval pyrolysis data showed very similar values as the humic coals from USCB, except for the elevated values of S2 (residual petroleum potential) and Hydrogen Index (HI) reflecting the presence of hydrogen-rich liptinite macerals. The distributions of n-alkanes, methylalkanes, alkylcyclohexanes and alkylbenzenes indicate a microbiological origin associated with microorganisms, including cyanobacteria or Botryococcus. In all samples 8β(H)-homodrimane dominated and indicated an anoxic environment of the deep lakes. The preservation of tetracyclic diterpenoids, diaster-13(17)-enes, ββ-hopanes, simonellite, bisnorsimonellite, cadalene, fatty acids, aromatic aldehydes and carboxylic acids from lignin degradation in sapropelic hard coals indicates an early diagenetic generation of these compounds from sapropels. Furthermore, during coalification, some the less thermally labile compounds can be preserved with increasing coal rank, while others isomerized or aromatized to more stable counterparts. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85130570658,

title = {Goldhillite, Cu 5 Zn(AsO 4) 2 (OH) 6 -H 2 O, a new mineral species, and redefinition of philipsburgite, Cu 5 Zn[(AsO 4)(PO 4)](OH) 6 -H 2 O, as an As-P ordered species},

author = { R.M. Ismagilova and B. Rieck and A.R. Kampf and G. Giester and E.S. Zhitova and Ch.L. Lengauer and S.V. Krivovichev and A.A. Zolotarev and J. Ciesielczuk and J.A. Mikhailova and D.I. Belakovsky and V.N. Bocharov and V.V. Shilovskikh and N.S. Vlasenko and B.P. Nash and P.M. Adams},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130570658&doi=10.1180%2fmgm.2022.36&partnerID=40&md5=dae13bd3761294ae18e758404b794897},

doi = {10.1180/mgm.2022.36},

issn = {0026461X},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Mineralogical Magazine},

volume = {86},

number = {3},

pages = {436-446},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press},

abstract = {Philipsburgite has been redefined as the intermediate member of the goldhillite-philipsburgite-kipushite isomorphous series with the ideal formula Cu5Zn[(AsO4)(PO4)](OH)6-H2O due to the site-selective As-P substitution. The new mineral goldhillite, ideally Cu5Zn(AsO4)2(OH)6-H2O [or Cu5Zn(AsO4)(AsO4)(OH)6-H2O], is the arsenate end-member of this series. Goldhillite occurs on fracture surfaces in a rock comprised mostly of quartz with iron hydroxides in association with mixite, cornwallite and conichalcite. Goldhillite forms transparent, bright emerald-green, tabular crystals with vitreous lustre, flattened on {100}, up to 1 mm across and in rosettes up to 1.5 mm. The mineral is brittle with uneven fracture and perfect cleavage on {100}; the Mohs hardness is 3.5. The calculated density for the holotype is 4.199 g cm-3. The Raman spectrum is consistent with the presence of H2O-molecules, OH-groups, AsO4 tetrahedra and traces of PO4. Electron microprobe analyses of goldhillite (H2O content based on the crystal structure) provided: CuO 48.91, ZnO 13.18, As2O5 26.06, P2O5 3.25, H2O 8.97, total 100.37 wt.%. The empirical formula for goldhillite based on O = 15 apfu is (Cu4.69Zn1.23)Σ5.92(As0.86P0.18O4)2(OH)5.61-H2O. The crystal structures of goldhillite and philipsburgite were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined to R1 = 0.054 (for 2365 I > 2σI reflections) and 0.052 (for 2308 I > 2σI reflections), respectively. Goldhillite is monoclinic, P21/c},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85125047768,

title = {The Miocene deep-seated spontaneous coal-seam fire in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (S Poland) and its geotectonic trigger mechanism},

author = { J. Nawrocki and J. Ciesielczuk and D. Jura and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125047768&doi=10.1111%2fter.12576&partnerID=40&md5=7a4092a258b5e5dc987fbe84eb9c1ea3},

doi = {10.1111/ter.12576},

issn = {09544879},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Terra Nova},

volume = {34},

number = {3},

pages = {184-192},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},

abstract = {The deep-seated spontaneous coal-seam fire occurred in the southwestern part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (S Poland), confirmed by oxygenated compounds emission to over- and underlying rocks. The fire was dated at 19.2–19.8 Ma using the 39Ar-40Ar method and palaeomagnetism. It was initiated in the Carpathian foreland thanks to a normal faulting in response to thrust-loaded deflections of the Carpathian foreland lithosphere during collision of tectonic plates (Alcapa and stable Europe). The orogenic loading caused this normal faulting in the foreland and triggering the flexural mechanism of foredeep subsidence and forebulge uplift. Thanks to the dating of rocks affected by the spontaneous coal fire initiated during the rapid uplift of coal-bearing rocks, when they became exposed to the aeration zone, the age of these mountain-building processes in the Carpathians has been precisely defined. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85125448690,

title = {Thermal springs and active fault network of the central Colca River basin, Western Cordillera, Peru},

author = { A. Tyc and K. Gaidzik and J. Ciesielczuk and P. Masías and A. Paulo and A. Postawa and J. Żaba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125448690&doi=10.1016%2fj.jvolgeores.2022.107513&partnerID=40&md5=477bd07f9cfc539c6704bed449798733},

doi = {10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107513},

issn = {03770273},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research},

volume = {424},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Thermal waters and vapor discharges (hot springs; geysers; solfataras; and fumaroles) are common phenomena in volcanic regions at active plate boundaries, and the Central Andes are no exception. The Colca River basin in S Peru is a highly diversified and complex thermal region with unresolved questions on the origin of thermal fluids, reservoir temperature, and connections with tectonic and/or volcanic activity. To answer these, we used hydrogeochemical analysis of 35 water samples from springs and geysers, together with isotopic (δ18O and δD) analysis, chemical and mineral studies of precipitates collected in the field around these outflows, and field observations. We aimed (1) to recognize the geochemistry of thermal waters and precipitates in the central part of the Colca River basin, (2) to identify fluid sources and their origin, (3) to estimate the temperature of a potential geothermal reservoir, and (4) to discuss the regional active tectonic and volcanic framework of this geothermal region and mutual relationships. Our results corroborate a heterogeneous and complex geothermal system in the central part of the Colca River basin, with contrasting hydrogeochemical and physical properties, variable isotope composition, different reservoir temperatures, and associated precipitates around thermal springs. Processes controlling water chemistry are closely related to the Ampato-Sabancaya magmatic chamber's activity and tectonic structures that allow complex interactions of meteoric waters with magmatic fluids and gases. With a considerable gradient of pressure owing to local relief and deep incision in the Colca Canyon, these processes led to the differentiation of the thermal waters into three main groups. (1) Chloride-rich, mainly sodium chloride, thermal waters are of meteoric origin but mature within the geothermal reservoir possibly fed by magma degassing. These waters' chemical and isotopic composition results from water-rock interaction and mixing with magmatic waters within the reservoir. These waters discharge at the bottom of the Colca Canyon and Valley, presenting a broad hydrogeochemical spectrum and highly variable mineral phases precipitating at the outflows. The reservoir temperature estimated for these waters ranges from 180 to 200 °C. The group of hottest springs and geysers at the bottom of the Colca Canyon waters are fully equilibrated, with the reservoir temperature ~ 240 °C. (2) Sulfate-rich waters are shallow meteoric waters heated by ascending gases that form an independent group referring to the local water circulation, often controlled by tectonic barriers. (3) Bicarbonate-rich waters are the intermediate meteoric waters, divided into two hydrochemical groups: waters partially equilibrated with reservoir rocks and more similar to chloride-rich waters or additionally enriched with SO4 and more similar to sulfate-rich waters. Studied thermal springs show a clear spatial correlation with active and seismogenic crustal W- to NW-tracing normal and strike-slip faults. These act as barriers to infiltrating meteoric waters, provide pathways to hydrothermal solutions and gases assisting in meteoric water heating, and yield passages for pressured by lithostatic load and heated waters to ascend to the surface. © 2022},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85117060914,

title = {Molecular and stable isotope composition of pollutants emitted during thermal processes within the rymer coal waste dump (Upper Silesia, Poland)},

author = { D. Więcław and K. Jurek and M.J. Fabiańska and E. Bilkiewicz and A. Kowalski and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85117060914&doi=10.3390%2fmin11101120&partnerID=40&md5=9ec58d7a0a1d964310965add801d997f},

doi = {10.3390/min11101120},

issn = {2075163X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Minerals},

volume = {11},

number = {10},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Twenty-seven gases and sixteen rock wastes from the thermal active Rymer coal waste dump were collected. The composition and origin of gaseous, liquid, and solid pollutants emitted during the self-heating process and the development of these processes with time were established. Gases were subjected to determination of molecular and stable isotope (δ13C and δ2H) composition. Rock-Eval pyrolysis and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) were applied for evaluation of the quantity and molecular composition of pyrolysates released during the heating of rocks in temperatures from 100 to 650◦C. The main products of Py-GC-MS are released between 350 and 650◦C, namely alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic alcohols. These components were also recorded in Py-GC-MS products of samples collected from the dump surface. Besides the high-molecular-weight organic compounds, in emitted gases CO2, CO, gaseous hydrocarbons, and S-compounds were recorded. The stable isotope data indicated that methane was generated mainly during the low-temperature thermogenic process, but a share of the microbial-originated gas was visible. The source of the CO2 was the oxidation of organic matter. The gaseous S-compounds were products of high-temperature decomposition of sulphides and organic S-compounds. The hydrocarbon and CO contents of the emitted gases proved to be good indicators for tracking of the self-heating processes. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85109082154,

title = {The disappearance of coal seams recorded in associated gangue rocks in the sw part of the upper silesian coal basin, poland},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Jura and P. Filipiak and A. Matuszewska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85109082154&doi=10.3390%2fmin11070735&partnerID=40&md5=13efd0ecf4effafbca83a5ca1571c789},

doi = {10.3390/min11070735},

issn = {2075163X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Minerals},

volume = {11},

number = {7},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Coal seams in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin vanish within the Carboniferous Upper Silesian Sandstone Series and below an unconformity marking the Carboniferous top surface. Changes in the geochemical, mineralogical, petrological and palynological characteristics of gangue rocks associated with the vanished seams record what happened. The observed changes could have been caused by (1) coal-seam paleofire, (2) peat combustion, (3) igneous intrusion, (4) metasomatism and/or (5) weathering. Multifaceted research on samples collected at the Jas-Mos mining area, a part of the operating Jastrzębie-Bzie Coal Mine that are representative of different geological settings in the northern and southern parts of the mining area, point to intra-deposit paleofire as the most plausible reason for the disappearance. Biomarkers enabled recognition of differences in heating duration and oxygen access. Coal seams in the south burned quickly with abundant oxygen supply. Seams in the north pyrolyzed for an extended time under conditions of limited oxygen. Though other methods used proved less sensitive, all confirmed low (100–150◦C) paleotemperature heating. Overall, the reason for the local disappearance of the coal seams, making their exploitation difficult and unprofitable, can be assigned to a variety of different processes in a complex overlapping history of variable weathering, heating due to local endogenic fires and, probably, earlier peat combustion. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85100541579,

title = {Heavy metal- and organic-matter pollution due to self-heating coal-waste dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland)},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and B. Kozielska and A.K. Abramowicz and M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and J. Cabała and T. Krzykawski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100541579&doi=10.1016%2fj.jhazmat.2021.125244&partnerID=40&md5=07ef9df8d36be53a4c471da5c1dfc7c6},

doi = {10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125244},

issn = {03043894},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},

volume = {412},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {This study provides potential insight between self-heating coal-waste dumps and related environmental pollution in southern Poland. Samples collected from dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin were used to quantify released contents of organic- and inorganic pollutants, i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace elements (Pb; Cd; Cr; Cu; Zn; Ni; Hg; As). Elevated Hg concentrations (~100–1078 mg/kg) and Pb (~600–2000 mg/kg) attest to the evaporation of these metals from deeper parts of the dumps. The acidic pH levels (3.0–4.5) may help to mobilize these elements. Pearson's correlation coefficients for samples analyzed by AAS and ICP-MS indicate a similar origin for Cd, Zn, and As. Mostly 2- and 3-ring PAHs, especially anthracene in burnt soil, dominate in the samples. Chlorinated PAHs, thiophenol, pyridines, quinolines (and derivatives) in thermally-altered samples, and waste containing pyrolytic bitumen indicate coking conditions. The high levels of Hg, Pb, and Cd, and chlorinated PAHs and nitrogen heterocycles formed or enriched during self-heating in these dumps should be deemed a significant environmental hazard. Calculating the lifetime cancer risks due to PAHs and heavy metals accumulations in the dumps are substantial, and access to these dumps should be prohibited. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85095782590,

title = {Classification of fires in coal waste dumps based on Landsat, Aster thermal bands and thermal camera in Polish and Ukrainian mining regions},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and A.K. Abramowicz and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85095782590&doi=10.1007%2fs40789-020-00375-4&partnerID=40&md5=7736bce653d78699a57d68b740b66fd5},

doi = {10.1007/s40789-020-00375-4},

issn = {20958293},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Science and Technology},

volume = {8},

number = {3},

pages = {441-456},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

abstract = {A self-heating intensity index (SHII) based on the highest (pixel max.) and lowest (pixel min.) values taken from satellite thermal maps of burning coal waste dumps are proposed. The index enables the classification of such fires in Ukrainian- and Polish coal waste dumps. Both in Ukraine and in Poland, varying thermal intensities during 1985–2019 are revealed, using the SHII and following thermal intensity threshold values, namely, extreme thermal activity (> 7), advanced (3–7), moderate (3–1.5), initial (1.5–1), no activity (< 1). The SHII shows decreasing thermal activity in the selected Ukrainian coal waste dumps during 2017–2019. It aids in reconstructing the thermal history of the dumps. Analysis of satellite images revealed a large number of burning coal waste dumps in the Donetsk Coal Basin (Ukraine) with high thermal activity. Such burning likely reflects large amounts of organic matter and sulphides in the dumped material subjected to self-heating and self-burning processes, lack of compaction of the coal waste and/or high methane contents. Comparison of SHII values calculated from satellite- and drone thermal-camera images were compared to show that SHII from drone thermal images have much higher values than those from satellite images; the former have better resolution. Thus, SHII from Landsat- and drone images should be used separately in dump heating studies. © 2020, The Author(s).},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85105102398,

title = {The influence of heating on the carbon isotope composition, organic geochemistry and petrology of coal from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland): An experimental and field study},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and M. Górka and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Jura},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85105102398&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2021.103749&partnerID=40&md5=bd6f6cc1f7819b03ba7bf04bff77e70b},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2021.103749},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {241},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The impact of natural intra-deposit heating on the δ13C signature, organic geochemistry, and petrology of coal and coal-bearing rocks characterised by various degrees of coalification and palaeoenvironments in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland, is elaborated. Reconstruction of palaeofire performed by heating experiments up to 400 °C in open and semi-closed systems with different heating regimes confirms the crucial significance of temperature and oxygen access. In open-system heating, released 13C-depleted gases enrich residue coke in 13C compared to raw coal. Petrological examinations did not show the impact of palaeofires on the maceral properties of coal. However, the carried-out experiment caused the formation of devolatilisation pores, rounded edges, cracks, pale rims, as well as higher reflectance and paler colour that was what was expected. Extractable compounds become highly depleted, and low-weight organic compounds nearly absent. Relatively high contents of combustion-formed PAHs are an indicator of open-system heating. In semi-closed systems, the final total isotopic composition was almost unchanged as no components are carried away though changes in petrography and geochemistry occur. Increased extract yields reflect the release of bitumen from closed pores and partial pyrolysis of organic matter. Depletion of lighter n-alkane compounds, total carbon TC and volatiles decrease, and variable values of various alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon ratios are also indicative of semi-closed heating. Coal seams suspected of intra-deposit heating show geochemical and isotopic features similar to semi-closed- rather than open-system heating, and their δ13C signatures and organic geochemistry did not respond strongly during laboratory re-heating. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85099969948,

title = {Vegetation as an indicator of underground smoldering fire on coal-waste dumps},

author = { A.K. Abramowicz and O. Rahmonov and R. Chybiorz and J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099969948&doi=10.1016%2fj.firesaf.2021.103287&partnerID=40&md5=f58d8922195205805eeb369bd2d64c7d},

doi = {10.1016/j.firesaf.2021.103287},

issn = {03797112},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Fire Safety Journal},

volume = {121},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {The paper presents the impact of thermal processes on the dynamics of changes in vegetation and soil properties in the area of coal-waste dumps where self-heating and self-ignition processes occur. Vegetation analysis involved the determination of species composition, life forms, and synecological affiliation. The mosaic diversity of the granulometric composition of the stored material and dynamically changing soil temperature had an impact on the character of vegetation. A specific type of flora, with various ecological requirements, was formed. Hemicryptophytes and apophytes predominated, especially in thermally active zones. The distribution of the range of vegetation due to changes in soil thermics was examined during three periods within a selected transect, in which three types of surfaces with varying soil thermics and smoldering fire directions were distinguished. Temperatures ranged from 9.9 to 139 °C at a depth of 20 cm and, simultaneously, from 3.1 to 69.0 °C on the surface. Total organic carbon content in all samples ranged from 1.7 to 7.6 and, simultaneously, from 3.1 to 4.5% in the active fire spots. The concentration of total nitrogen ranged from 0.023 to 0.29%. Soil reaction (pH) fluctuated between 5.8 and 8.0 (in H2O). The variability of the range of vegetation in time and space indicated the directions of movement of fire spots. The analysis showed that underground temperature has a significant impact on the distribution and species composition of plants growing on coal-waste dumps. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85090054667,

title = {Organic contaminants of coal-waste dump water in the Lower- and Upper Silesian Coal Basins (Poland)},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and Á. Nádudvari and J. Ciesielczuk and E. Szram and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Więcław},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090054667&doi=10.1016%2fj.apgeochem.2020.104690&partnerID=40&md5=48996f1ecc723173fab6270181a20d34},

doi = {10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104690},

issn = {08832927},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Applied Geochemistry},

volume = {122},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Organic phases in the waters of permanent- and temporary reservoirs located on and near coal-waste dumps in Upper- and Lower Silesia, Poland, include recent compounds of biogenic origin, geochemical compounds (biomarkers), dissolved products of coal-waste self-heating, and anthropogenic markers. Due to their adverse environmental- and health effects, the concentration levels of two compound groups were assessed, namely, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organic phosphates (OPEs). Their occurrence depends on whether sampling sites were thermally active or not. The predominant source of organic compounds in coal-waste dump water at thermally active sites is organic matter from coal waste. Products of self-heating dissolved in water include phenolic compounds, light ketones, organic acids, and PAHs showing the highest concentrations. OPEs are present only at thermally active sites where firefighting operations had taken place recently. These most probably derived from pump lubricants and/or the diesel engines of heavy-duty equipment such as excavators and bulldozers as no fire retardants were used. Biomarker- and PAHs ratios indicative of air particulate contamination prevail at sites where any thermal activity had ceased long ago. Traffic emission from nearby settlements seems to be the main source of organic compounds at such sites as the biomarkers indicate a crude-oil related source. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85088576085,

title = {Tectonic control on slow-moving Andean landslides in the Colca Valley, Peru},

author = { K. Gaidzik and J. Żaba and J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088576085&doi=10.1007%2fs11629-020-6099-y&partnerID=40&md5=82e162c093a8cd84b274459ff6999d82},

doi = {10.1007/s11629-020-6099-y},

issn = {16726316},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Mountain Science},

volume = {17},

number = {8},

pages = {1807-1825},

publisher = {Science Press},

abstract = {The Colca Valley in the Central Andes is a region characterized by the occurrence of large slow-moving landslides and a high level of seismic activity. In this study, we aimed to determine passive and active tectonic control on the formation of selected five large landslides in the Colca Valley and to assess geohazard associated with these features. For that purpose, we performed a post-landslide field survey, applied remote sensing techniques, and obtained eyewitness accounts. Recently, the need to understand mass movement processes in this region is even higher due to the establishment of the Colca y Volcanes de Andagua Geopark (Colca and Andagua Volcanoes Geopark). Our results suggest that the studied landslides usually represent a complex failure mechanism, dominated by translational sliding or rotational displacements, commonly associated with the formation of horst-and-graben like structures. We found a spatial correlation between the distribution of landslides and inherited fault network. The head scarps appear to be limited by the WNW- to NW-striking faults, whereas the lateral extent of some of the reported features seems to be connected with the NNE-striking normal faults, common in both, the Mesozoic strata and the Pleistocene-Holocene deposits. © 2020, The Author(s).},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85087163605,

title = {The behaviour of siderite rocks in an experimental imitation of pyrometamorphic processes in coal-waste fires: Upper and lower silesian case, Poland},

author = { Ł. Kruszewski and J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087163605&doi=10.3390%2fmin10070586&partnerID=40&md5=b01f394595f93e44da4096637c36b4e9},

doi = {10.3390/min10070586},

issn = {2075163X},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Minerals},

volume = {10},

number = {7},

pages = {1-23},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Little is known of the influence of fluxes on the nature and the intensity of burning in coal-waste heaps. To gain some insight, two siderite samples, one each from coal-mining waste heaps in Upper-and Lower Silesian Coal Basins (Poland), were heated under identical conditions in a thermal chamber coupled to a powder X-ray diffractometer. Differences in the behaviour of siderite phase and the products of its decomposition, mainly magnetite, wüstite, and olivine, are discussed. The waste heaps sampled underwent self-heating and self-ignition catalysed by fluxes. Though the samples are unlikely to be truly representative of the Silesian basins, the heterogeneous behaviour they displayed on heating merits description and explanation, as siderite is an important widely known flux in pyrometamorphic processes. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85086649704,

title = {Crystal chemistry of an erythrite-köttigite solid solution (Co3–xznx) (aso4)2·8h2o},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and M. Dulski and J. Janeczek and T. Krzykawski and J. Kusz and E. Szełęg},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85086649704&doi=10.3390%2fmin10060548&partnerID=40&md5=9390c4bc3f2543fcf7fafd4e546610fd},

doi = {10.3390/min10060548},

issn = {2075163X},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Minerals},

volume = {10},

number = {6},

pages = {1-25},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {A wide compositional range, covering about 90% of an expected erythrite-köttigite substitutional solid solution with extreme compositions of (Co2.84Mg0.14Zn0.02) (AsO4)2·8H2O and (Zn2.74Co0.27) (AsO4)2·8H2O, was revealed in a suite of samples from a polymetallic ore deposit in Miedzianka, SW Poland. Members of the solid solution series were examined by means of Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/Energy-Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray single-crystal and powder diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Metal cations were randomly distributed between two special octahedral sites in the erythrite–köttigite structure. In response to Co ↔ Zn substitutions, small but significant changes in bond distances (particularly in [AsO4] tetrahedra), rotation, and distortion of co-ordination polyhedra were observed. Two sub-series of dominant cationic substitutions (Co-Mg-Ni and Co-Fe-Zn) were noted within the arsenate series of vivianite-group minerals linked by erythrite. The paragenetic sequence erythrite → Zn-rich erythrite → Co-rich köttigite → köttigite reflects the evolution of the solution’s pH towards increased acidity and a relative increase in the concentration of Zn ions following precipitation of erythrite. © 2020 by the authors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85077690642,

title = {Correction to: Investigation of organic material self-heating in oxygen-depleted condition within a coal-waste dump in Upper Silesia Coal Basin, Poland (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, (2020), 27, 8, (8285-8307), 10.1007/s11356-019-07336-8)},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk and A. Kowalski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077690642&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-020-07688-6&partnerID=40&md5=fe5a69a01cc526237c33c998cee7b8bf},

doi = {10.1007/s11356-020-07688-6},

issn = {09441344},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},

volume = {27},

number = {8},

pages = {8308-8309},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {The original publication of this paper contains a mistake. The correct caption of figures 7 and 8 is shown in this paper. The original article was corrected. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85077566195,

title = {Investigation of organic material self-heating in oxygen-depleted condition within a coal-waste dump in Upper Silesia Coal Basin, Poland},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk and A. Kowalski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077566195&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-019-07336-8&partnerID=40&md5=7ce4d37003127eb4389089804172f697},

doi = {10.1007/s11356-019-07336-8},

issn = {09441344},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},

volume = {27},

number = {8},

pages = {8285-8307},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {Self-heating occurring was studied in the Bytom coal-waste dump using petrographic, mineralogical, and organic geochemical to assess the changes induced by heating on organic material and quantify—qualify the emitted gases. The distribution of geochemical markers such as n-alkanes, alkylbenzenes, alkylcyclohexanes, phenols, sulfurous compounds, and emitted gases in the waste dump is outlined. Heating of organic material there is indicated by high vitrinite random reflectance (Rr)% values that typically characterize samples with short-chain n-alkanes, alkylbenzenes, and alkylmethylbenzenes. Contents of minerals showing minor alterations are high with ~ 90% in burned-out samples. Inside the dump where temperatures can reach up to 700–1300 °C and oxygen contents are significantly reduced, conditions favor coking. This situation is confirmed by the formation of enormous quantities of phenols and alkylbenzenes or by elevated amounts of H2 formed under low-oxygen conditions (pyrolysis). Aromatization, pyrolysis (thermal cracking), and oxidation are associated with the heating in the dump. Gases such as methane, ethane, propane, and ethylene formed during self-heating can serve as fuel for the fire inside the dump, in the process generating huge amounts of CO2. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85071871369,

title = {Carbon‑nitrogen compounds, alcohols, mercaptans, monoterpenes, acetates, aldehydes, ketones, SF6, PH3, and other fire gases in coal-mining waste heaps of Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland) – a re-investigation by means of in situ FTIR external database approach},

author = { Ł. Kruszewski and M.J. Fabiańska and T. Segit and D. Kusy and R. Motyliński and J. Ciesielczuk and E. Deput},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071871369&doi=10.1016%2fj.scitotenv.2019.134274&partnerID=40&md5=c334029177637c4cd46f04373534b254},

doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134274},

issn = {00489697},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {698},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Coal-fire gas jets emanating from waste heaps are chemically very complex and variable mixtures, as proved by our former studies. The current paper is a result of further exploration of the GASMET FTIR system via an iterative external databases search. This allowed to pinpoint a number of subsequent chemicals, both in terms of (semi)quantitative analysis and occurrence probability (fit). Some compounds represent new finds. The most likely candidates found, with fit often >90%, are C–N compounds – especially hydrogen cyanide and isocyanic acid; acetylene, various alcohols, monoterpenes, formic acid. Acetaldehyde is the most common aldehyde, followed by 2-ethylhexylaldehyde. Tetrachloroethylene quite commonly occurs, but with worse fit values. An interesting find concerns methane- and ethanethiol being enriched at a vent with an intense and cumulative sulfur (S8) mineralization. Other less frequent or worse fit compounds include arenes, COS, some alcohol derivatives, other aldehydes, hydrocarbons, nitriles (acrylonitrile), ketones, acetates, ethers, acetone, acrolein (propenal), triethylamine, and methyl metacrylate. Important and relatively frequent inorganic gas is PH3, while SF6 is very rare. However, the occurrence of the later seems to be a very important discovery: SF6 is recognized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as the most potent greenhouse gas. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85050625053,

title = {Environmental influence of gaseous emissions from self-heating coal waste dumps in Silesia, Poland},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and Á. Nádudvari and M. Misz-Kennan and A. Kowalski and Ł. Kruszewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85050625053&doi=10.1007%2fs10653-018-0153-5&partnerID=40&md5=c5a0b38aa7c4f20c4547fc77791043de},

doi = {10.1007/s10653-018-0153-5},

issn = {02694042},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Geochemistry and Health},

volume = {41},

number = {2},

pages = {575-601},

publisher = {Springer Netherlands},

abstract = {Gaseous emissions from seven self-heating coal waste dumps in two large coal mining basins, Upper and Lower Silesia (Poland), were investigated by gas chromatography (GC-FID/TCD), and the results were correlated with on-site thermal activity, stage of self-heating as assessed by thermal mapping, efflorescences, and surface and subsurface temperatures. Though typical gases at sites without thermal activity are dominated by atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen, methane and carbon dioxide are present in concentrations that many times exceed atmospheric values. On average, their concentrations are 42.7–7160 ppm, respectively. These are levels considered harmful to health and show that coal waste fire can be dangerous for some years after extinction. At thermally active sites, concentrations of CH 4 and CO 2 are much higher and reach 5640–51,976 ppm (aver.), respectively. A good substrate–product correlation between CO 2 and CH 4 concentrations indicates rapid in-dump CH 4 oxidation with only insignificant amounts of CO formed. Other gas components include hydrogen, and C 3 –C 6 saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Decreasing oxygen content in the gases is temperature-dependent, and O 2 removal rapidly increased at > 70 °C. Emission differences between both basins are minor and most probably reflect the higher maturity of coal waste organic matter in the Lower Silesia dumps causing its higher resistance to temperature, or/and a higher degree of overburning there. © 2018, The Author(s).},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85048466545,

title = {First multi-tool exploration of a gas-condensate-pyrolysate system from the environment of burning coal mine heaps: An in situ FTIR and laboratory GC and PXRD study based on Upper Silesian materials},

author = { Ł. Kruszewski and M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and T. Segit and R. Orłowski and R. Motyliński and D. Kusy and I. Moszumańska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048466545&doi=10.1016%2fj.scitotenv.2018.05.319&partnerID=40&md5=f703cc98ca054eaf3b9ba10e279a8e08},

doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.319},

issn = {00489697},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {640-641},

pages = {1044-1071},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {A methodological approach to the complex geochemical analysis of the coal fire in burning coal mine heaps (BCMH) of Upper Silesian Coal Basin has been developed. The other approach used is gas chromatography and indicatory tubes. Powder X-Ray Diffraction is applied for phase analysis to determine the species composition of mineral condensates present within and around gas flues. The gas compositions are proved to be extremely variable, when comparing both different BCMH and flues or flue zones of the same heaps. One outstanding determination concerns GeCl4, found in most samples often in large quantities. No evident dependence between the gas and mineral condensate compositions is found: N-rich condensates may but do not have to be associated with NH3-, pyridine-, or NOx-rich gases. This is also true for S-rich and Cl-rich mineralization in connection with gases of SO2, H2S, OCS, CS2, thiophene, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, HCl, and various halogenated hydrocarbons. Fluorine is rarely present as HF, whereas SiF4 occurs more frequently and in much larger quantities. AsH3 is mainly a trace gas but may locally be enriched. Besides the common gases, a number of trace gases is also determined based on residual FTIR spectra. Those with the highest presence chance include cyanogen isocyanate, cyanogen N-oxide, (iso)cyanic acid, c-cyanomethanimine (ethylenediimine), isocyanatomethane, iodocyanoacetylene, acetonitrile, acetaldehyde, m-hydroxybenzonitrile (m-cyanophenol), isonitrosyl chloride, nitrosyl isocyanide, difluorosilane, pentacene, triphenylene, thiazolidine, cyclohexane, and a trinitrenetriazine. The occurrence of some metals and semimetals (e.g.; Al; Mg; Ga) as neutral hydroxides, suggested by other authors to occur in natural gases, is possibly confirmed. The presence of trace metal carbonyls, nitrosyls and hydrides is also possible. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {19},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85051378352,

title = {Structure and thermal history of the Wełnowiec dump, Poland: A municipal dump rehabilitated with coal waste},

author = { J. Pierwoła and J. Ciesielczuk and M. Misz-Kennan and M.J. Fabiańska and A. Bielińska and Ł. Kruszewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85051378352&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2018.08.001&partnerID=40&md5=04ae0b1504fae85304c8c56dd8fb34be},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2018.08.001},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {197},

pages = {1-19},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The Wełnowiec municipal dump, Katowice, Poland, rehabilitated with coal waste, is self-heating and igniting. This paper presents a novel application of the use of electrical- and resistivity geophysical methods in the investigation of burning coal waste to help explain why the heating occurred. Geoelectrical methods allowed the internal structure of the dump to be revealed, and the municipal wastes and their rehabilitation cover containing coal waste to be differentiated. Instead of a planned 2.2-m-thick multi-barrier system, the cover consists of irregularly distributed material of varying thickness (<1 to 8 m) and organic carbon content (>5%). This caused the fire to arise 3–4 years after the coal waste deposition. In areas where the rehabilitation layer is <3 m thick, a landslide enabled oxygen access, initiating self-heating. Changes in conductivity clearly identify sites of active burning where measured conductivity values are more than twice those for parts of the dump with no thermal activity. Field observations in particular, complemented to a degree by petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical data, enabled four types of heating zones to be distinguished, namely, (1) initial zones of fire overtaking new volumes of coal waste, (2) active zones with temperatures < 400–500 °C in exhalation vents, (3) overburned zones characterized by long-lasting high temperatures (800-900 °C) and (4) short-lived zones, ephemeral (<1–2 months) with temperatures between 70 and 100 °C. The geophysical methods applied could not distinguish between these zones. The combined results strongly suggest that the use of coal waste as a remediation layer covering waste dumps should be prohibited. Coal waste which, by its nature, is too prone to unpredictable self-heating and self-ignition with the potential environmental consequences that follow. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85033486245,

title = {Thermal history of coal wastes reflected in their organic geochemistry and petrography; the case study: The Katowice-Wełnowiec dump, Poland},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk and J. Pierwoła and N. Nitecka and J. Brzoznowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85033486245&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2017.10.008&partnerID=40&md5=4cbc642d5c1d5e4a020c17b6ab6e73eb},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2017.10.008},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {184},

pages = {11-26},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84963614763,

title = {Preservation of coal-waste geochemical markers in vegetation and soil on self-heating coal-waste dumps in Silesia, Poland},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and M. Misz-Kennan and Ł. Kruszewski and A. Kowalski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84963614763&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemer.2016.04.001&partnerID=40&md5=0b24dd1474c436ed0f636c5e3a262ef4},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemer.2016.04.001},

issn = {00092819},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Chemie der Erde},

volume = {76},

number = {2},

pages = {211-226},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {Occurrence and distributions of geochemical markers on vegetation and in soils covering two self-heating coal waste dumps were investigated with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and compared with those of bitumen expelled on the coal waste dump surface. Presence of biomarkers, alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and such polar compounds as phenols indicate that components of self-heating coal wastes indeed migrate to soils and plants surface and their characteristic fingerprints can be applied in passive monitoring to investigate migration of contaminants from self-heating coal wastes. Moreover, results allow to discriminate between the Upper- and Lower Silesian coal basins, notwithstanding value shifts caused by heating. Mechanisms enabling the migration of geochemical compounds into soils include mixing with weathered coal-waste material, transport in gases emitted due to self-heating and, indirectly, by deposition of biomass containing geochemical substances. Transport in gases involves mostly lighter compounds such as phenols, methylnaphthalenes, methylbiphenyls, etc. Distributions and values of geochemical ratios are related to differences in their boiling temperatures in the case of lighter compounds but preserve geochemical features in the case of heavier compounds such as pentacyclic trierpanes. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84979556541,

title = {Chemical composition and Raman spectroscopy of cornubite and its relation to cornwallite in Miedzianka, the Sudety Mts., Poland},

author = { J. Janeczek and J. Ciesielczuk and M. Dulski and T. Krzykawski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84979556541&doi=10.1127%2fnjma%2f2016%2f0305&partnerID=40&md5=7db6072faa3e2f05c763e21e0b40bfc3},

doi = {10.1127/njma/2016/0305},

issn = {00777757},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Abhandlungen},

volume = {193},

number = {3},

pages = {265-274},

publisher = {E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung},

abstract = {Cornubite, Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4, occurs in association with chrysocolla, cornwallite-pseudomalachite and philipsburgitekipushite series, and malachite in weathered amphibolites in dumps around a historic mining town of Miedzianka (former Kupferberg) in the Sudety Mountains, SW Poland. The averaged chemical composition of cornubite determined by EPMA is expressed by the formula: (Cu5.07Zn0.04)5.11(As0.945P0.01V0.005Si0.025O4)2(OH)4. Unit cell dimensions are: a = 6.155(1) Å},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84933526867,

title = {Comparative mineralogical study of thermally-altered coal-dump waste, natural rocks and the products of laboratory heating experiments},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and Ł. Kruszewski and J. Majka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84933526867&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2014.08.013&partnerID=40&md5=292598ef36fbbb31903e1d7142f7737b},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2014.08.013},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {139},

number = {1},

pages = {114-141},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Research on rocks formed due to pyrometamorphism of waste in burning coal-mine dumps (BCMD) mainly in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin has enabled identification of a large number of different mineral species. These species are usually well-known minerals, e.g., olivines, plagioclases and clinopyroxenes. However, their crystal chemistry is often unique. Mineralogical- and chemical similarities between the BCMD and non-anthropogenic geological environments are outlined here. To better understand the crystallization processes of the minerals occurring in the BCMD, three types of heating experiments were performed. For these, ten protolith (thermally-unchanged) dump samples, mostly shales and carbonate rocks, were heated alone and mixed together and with a CaF2 flux. Quantitative chemical analyses of the synthesized mixtures have shown that they are mineralogically similar to the rocks found in the BCMD. They are also similar in terms of their crystal chemistry, e.g., synthesized clinopyroxenes are rich in diopside and esseneite components and may capture phosphorus, plagioclase is rich in anorthite and contains iron and magnesium, and wüstite exists as a solid solution with periclase and is doped with calcium and other elements. Highly variable amounts of indialite-ferroindialite were formed in some samples due to solid-phase transformations or melt crystallization, depending on the experimental conditions and the protolith used. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {21},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84897048951,

title = {Mineralogy and geochemistry of coal wastes from the Starzykowiec coal-waste dump (Upper Silesia, Poland)},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and M. Misz-Kennan and J.C. Hower and M.J. Fabiańska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84897048951&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2014.02.007&partnerID=40&md5=c60734e7d3995ef970bef47f47b310a2},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2014.02.007},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {127},

pages = {42-55},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Coal wastes, the products of coal processing, deposited on dumps can undergo processes of self-heating and self-ignition, causing endogenic fires. Burning coal waste dumps are dangerous for the environment. The coal dump located at the Chwałowice Coal Mine (Upper Silesian Coal Basin; Poland) represents a long-term fire which affected the organic, mineral, and chemical composition of a huge amount of deposited wastes. Collected samples were divided into groups on the basis of kind, on the amount or absence of organic matter content, and on the basis of mineral-phase composition. Chemical composition of examined samples reveals heating/combustion processes in altered coal wastes. The organic matter present in the coal wastes changes through the following processes, all causing changes in C, N, O, and H content: (1) organic matter oxidation, (2) organic matter devolatilization, and (3) coke formation. Two processes alter the mineral phases and change the chemical composition of the combusting wastes: (4) mineral phase oxidation (e.g. pyrite and marcasite oxidation to Fe2O3) and (5) mineral dehydration (H2O or OH groups are released from clay minerals and micas). The latter are followed by isochemical processes: (6) mineral structure rebuilding while heating (enantiotropic transformations of e.g. SiO2) and (7) metastable phase formation. Processes 6 and 7 can change the chemistry of deposited wastes through (8) the formation of high-temperature minerals in combustion process (e.g. mullite) and (9) mineral crystallization from melt (e.g. indialite). After dump quenching, some minerals can become unstable because of (10) weathering processes. The behavior of trace elements is also strictly connected with the behavior of mineral phases which have undergone the burning processes. Most of them appear to stay unchanged. Moreover, organic matter content does not generally influence their concentration. Although the combustion processes are so spontaneous that their products cannot be predicted in all details, some dependence between chemical composition of the sample and its location within the dump or after burning were found. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {41},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84892697006,

title = {The cause and progress of the endogenous coal fire in the remediated landfill in the city of Katowice [Przebieg i przyczyny endogenicznego pozaru wȩgla kamiennego na zrekultywowanym składowisku odpadów komunalnych w Katowicach]},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and J. Janeczek and S. Cebulak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84892697006&partnerID=40&md5=c62f66a5636c308f77aea86668210ba4},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {61},

number = {12},

pages = {764-772},

abstract = {Slopes of the abandoned municipal waste landfill in the city of Katowice remediated in 1998 have been thermally active since 2007. The thermal activity was caused by spontaneous coal combustion within the sub-surface (0.5-1.5 m below ground level) layer of coal mine waste used for engineering the landfill. Exploitation of biogas from the landfill prior to thermal events may have enhanced exothermic oxidation of coal waste. The smoldering is the prevalent and persistent form of coal combustion in the landfill and is responsible for high emissions of CO (up to 3%), CO2 (>18%), methane and a suite of gaseous hydrocarbons. Attempts to extinguish coal fire did not prevent the advance of smoldering front at a rate of tens of metres per year.},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84884209477,

title = {Gaseous compounds and efflorescences generated in self-heating coal-waste dumps - A case study from the Upper and Lower Silesian Coal Basins (Poland)},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and Ł. Kruszewski and M. Misz-Kennan and D.R. Blake and G.B. Stracher and I. Moszumańska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84884209477&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2013.05.002&partnerID=40&md5=19e363e3897d958a9699db400b7f838b},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2013.05.002},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {116-117},

pages = {247-261},

abstract = {Gases emitted in coal waste self-heating and efflorescences blooming around fissures of coal waste dumps of the Upper and Lower Silesian Coal Basins were investigated. Gas chromatography (GC-FID) and charcoal tubes were applied for gas emissions, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for organic fraction of blooms, and X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy for inorganic efflorescences. The results show that coal waste dump gases contain a wide range of inorganic and organic compounds that are highly variable in their occurrence and concentrations, even in samples from the same dumps or the same coal basin. Chemical composition of self-heating products is related to source organic matter characteristics, composition and amount of coal waste material deposited on individual dumps, time and temperature range of the self-heating, composition and temperature of gas jets and condition variations at different depths. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide dominate in all gases, with additional components such as carbonyl sulphide, carbon disulphide, methane, light n-alkanes, n-alkenes, iso-alkanes, cyclic alkanes, chloroform, and benzene and its alkyl derivatives. Efflorescences blooming at vents and fissures at all sampling sites differ greatly in their phases, amounts, and chemical compositions, with organic blooms including phenanthrene (ravatite), phthalimide (kladnoite), and 9,10-antraquinone (hoelite) found only in one of the dumps. They are accompanied by salammoniac and native sulphur which are ubiquitous at a newly formed vents as in coal waste dumps with long time range of self-heating. Self-heating leads to the synthesis of new components such as unsaturated hydrocarbons, sulphides, chloroform, and phthalimide (kladnoite), for which formation mechanism is proposed in the paper. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {54},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84871747604,

title = {Sulphate efflorescences at the geyser near Pinchollo, southern Peru},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and J. Żaba and G. Bzowska and K. Gaidzik and M. Głogowska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84871747604&doi=10.1016%2fj.jsames.2012.06.016&partnerID=40&md5=3eae045dda31e6dc113ab3290155cab2},

doi = {10.1016/j.jsames.2012.06.016},

issn = {08959811},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Journal of South American Earth Sciences},

volume = {42},

pages = {186-193},

abstract = {Sulphate mineralization precipitated around a geyser located above the village of Pinchollo, Chivay district and below Hualca Hualca volcano (6025 m a.s.l.) in the Western Cordillera of southern Peru is described. The geyser is one of many manifestations of thermal activity in the Arequipa department. Its age is estimated to be Upper Pleistocene-Holocene, as the discharge point lies at the intersection of a fault system with latitudinal dip-slip fault cutting a volcanic-debris avalanche of probably Pleistocene age. Thermal waters present in the Chivay district are mainly chloride-rich with a neutral pH. They are rich in Li, Sr, and B. The water erupting in the geyser boils at about 85 °C, as it lies at some 4353 m a.s.l.The minerals examined, of various habits and various yellow, orange and white colours were precipitated on the soil and on plants close to the geyser (location 1), on the walls of a 1 m diameter pothole filled with boiling water (location 1a) and at a distance of some 100 m to the west of the geyser (location 2). All are sulphates. Their chemical composition is fairly simple, consisting of Al, Fe, K, Mg, Ca, S, NH4 and O, and all display chemical zoning. But the phase composition is more complex. In all locations, alunogene, copiapite, coquimbite, tschermigite and gypsum are present. Close to the geyser (location 1) magnesium-containing sulphates, namely, boussingaultite and pickeringite also occur. Iron sulphates such as mohrite and rozenite precipitate on the walls of the pothole (location 1a). Sulphates containing potassium such as jarosite, alunite and voltaite-voltaite (Mg) dominate among the efflorescences in location 2, where hematite was also noted. Any quartz and kaolinite or illite/mica admixture identified in some samples derives from adjacent soil.The present geothermal system does not involve the deposition of precious-metal deposits such as those associated with an earlier deep-going epithermal system that scavenged a large volume of rock. Most likely, as the present-day thermal waters do not involve a juvenile-water component, the geyser waters derive from a shallower source. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84873479272,

title = {Fault network in Rio Colca valley between Maca and Pinchollo, Central Andes, southern Peru},

author = { J. Żaba and Z. Małolepszy and K. Gaidzik and J. Ciesielczuk and A. Paulo},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84873479272&partnerID=40&md5=b8822f6de70661eb09921ac2c45c97a8},

issn = {02089068},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae},

volume = {82},

number = {3},

pages = {279-290},

abstract = {The network of faults andjoints within the Mesozoic, Miocene and Pleistocene-Holocene formations was studied in the Rio Colca valley, in the Pinchollo-Lari-Maca area (Central Andes; southern Peru). A complex, multi-phase development of these structures was revealed. The results show that the structural framework of the Rio Colca valley consists of WNW-ESE and NE-SW faults, and a few W-E faults. The strike of the most common fault sets is approximately parallel (longitudinal) or perpendicular (transverse) to the W-E oriented strike of stratification surfaces in the Mesozoic sedimentary series and the W-E fold macro-structures, developed in these strata. Diagonal faults and joints are less common, allhough at some localities they are numerous. The recurrence of maj or fault syslems throughout the Mesozoic and Miocene series and the Pleislocene-Holocene (mainly colluvial) deposits is proof of recent, tectonic activity in the study area. The recent faulting has led to the development of a syslem of distinct, primary fault scarps, tectonic grabens and horsts, as well as open fissures, which are well marked in the surface morphology, and in many cases have not yet been eroded.},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84869858008,

title = {Chlorite of hydrothermal origin in the Strzelin and Borów granites (Fore-Sudetic Block, Poland)},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84869858008&doi=10.7306%2fgq.1025&partnerID=40&md5=6665d08a30c23c42e23eceb7a0f50d91},

doi = {10.7306/gq.1025},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {56},

number = {2},

pages = {333-344},

abstract = {Chlorite, a product of very low- to low-grade metamorphism, is frequently used as a geothermometer because of the fact that its structure and chemical composition can reflect the physical and chemical conditions of its formation. In the hydrothermally altered Strzelin and Borów granites (the Fore-Sudetic Block; Poland) chlorite is ubiquitous. It is found in two forms: spherulitic and post-biotite, and was formed in different ways in different parts of the Strzelin and Borów granites: as result of (1) replacement of biotite or (2) crystallisation from fluid. The chlorite formed in the Borów granite shows a higher Fe content than that in the Strzelin granite, a feature related to the content of Mg and Fe in the host rock. Temperatures of chlorite formation are the lowest for unaltered granite and then gradually increase for slightly, moderately and strongly altered granite and are the highest in hydrothermal veins. This means that the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid was higher than that of the altered granitic bodies. Moreover, the spherulitic chlorite formed at a higher temperature than did the post-biot ite chlorite, and is usually smaller because biot ite replacement lasted longer than did the crystallisation of spherulitic chlorite directly from hydrothermal fluid. Such patterns are likely to occur in other granitic bodies.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84862508749,

title = {Geochemistry and electron spin resonance of hydrothermal dickite (Nowa Ruda, Lower Silesia, Poland): Vanadium and chromium},

author = { P.I. Premović and J. Ciesielczuk and G. Bzowska and M. Dordević},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84862508749&doi=10.2478%2fv10096-012-0020-8&partnerID=40&md5=714e49918587844bc34bdaf0940f0b88},

doi = {10.2478/v10096-012-0020-8},

issn = {13350552},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Geologica Carpathica},

volume = {63},

number = {3},

pages = {241-252},

abstract = {Geochemical analyses for trace V and Cr have been done on a representative sample of a typical hydrothermal dickite/kaolinite filling vein at Nowa Ruda. The mineralogy of the sample is comparatively simple, dickite being the principal component (ca. 91 % of the total sample). Geochemical fractionation and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) indicate that most (> 90 % of total metal) of the V and Cr reside in the dickite. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) shows that most (> 70 %) of the V in the dickite structure is in the form of vanadyl (VO2+) ions. A high concentration of Cr3+ is also detected in this structure by ESR. The combination of geochemical and spectroscopic tools applied to VO2+ and Cr3+ allow one to specify the Eh (> 0.4 V; highly oxidizing) and pH (≤4.0; highly acidic) of the solution during the formation of dickite from the Nowa Ruda Basin. Substantial proportions of the V and Cr (as well as VO2+ and Cr3+) in the dickite structure were probably contained in an original hydrothermal acid water. We suggest that hot hydrothermal waters leached the surrounding varieties of gabbroids enriched in V and Cr for the dickite-forming solution. The results of this work have shown V and Cr are potentially reliable indicators for geochemical characterization of the physicochemical conditions of their formation. The bulk-rock V/Cr ratio in hydrothermal dickites and kaolinites from Nowa Ruda, Sonoma (California; USA), Cigar Lake (Saskatchewan; Canada) and Teslić (Bosnia and Hercegovina) is also briefly explored here as a potential tracer of redox state during their formation.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77349119202,

title = {Geochemistry of Fe3+ in the hydrothermal dickite from Jedlina Zdroj (Lower Silesia, Poland)},

author = { P.I. Premović and J. Ciesielczuk and B.Ž. Todorović and D.M. Djordjević and N.S. Krstić},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77349119202&doi=10.2298%2fJSC0912477P&partnerID=40&md5=a4783cffa0eb73af476d11a608622311},

doi = {10.2298/JSC0912477P},

issn = {03525139},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society},

volume = {74},

number = {12},

pages = {1477-1489},

publisher = {Serbian Chemical Society},

abstract = {Geochemical analysis for Fe was made on a representative sample of dickite-rich hydrothermal clay from Jedlina Zdroj. The mineralogy of the sample is comparatively simple, dickite being the principal component (>95 wt. % of the total sample), with lesser amounts of goethite and barite. Geochemical fractionation and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry indicated that most of the Fe (ca. 97 wt. % of the total metal) resides in the dickite. Electron spin resonance showed that some of the Fe in the dickite structure is in the form of Fe3+. A substantial proportion of these ions (as well as Fe) in the dickite matrix were probably contained in the original hydrothermal dickite-forming solution. From the geochemistry of Fe3+, it was deduced that the oxidation potential (Eh) and pH of the solution during the formation of dickite from the Jedlina Zdroj were approximately 0.45-0.95 V (highly oxygenated) and 0-4 (highly acidic), respectively. 2009 Copyright (CC) SCS.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-1142293082,

title = {Hydrothermal alteration of the Strzelin granite, SW Poland},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and J. Janeczek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-1142293082&doi=10.1127%2f0077-7757%2f2004%2f0179-0239&partnerID=40&md5=5b3157cf3753ebfc52e95639af111c54},

doi = {10.1127/0077-7757/2004/0179-0239},

issn = {00777757},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Abhandlungen},

volume = {179},

number = {3},

pages = {239-264},

publisher = {E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung},

abstract = {The Strzeline granite in SW Poland is seen in hand specimens as a fresh rock, except for bleached, approximately 5-mm-thick zones around numerous hydrothermal veins. Detailed investigations revealed, however, that at least 20 % of the whole intrusion was significantly affected by hydrothermal fluids. The degree of the alteration of the granite ranges from apparently unaltered granite to heavily altered rocks, which consist of almost no primary minerals. The mineral assemblage of hydrothermally altered granite is the same as in the hydrothermal veins and consists of hydrothermal quartz, feldspars, chlorite, titanite, muscovite, sericite, prehnite, clinozoisite, laumontite, saussurite, kaolinite and calcite. Laumontite replaced both K-feldspars and plagioclase. Mass balance calculations suggest the input of calcium and water to the highly altered granite associated with silica removal that caused decrease in rock volume. Hydrothermal mineral assemblages in the Strzelin granite formed at P-T conditions corresponding to zeolite facies and even incomplete prehnite-pumpellyite facies of low-grade metamorphism.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0036996908,

title = {Hydrothermal alteration of the Borów and Strzelin granites (the Sudetes Mts) in comparison with other granitic massifs [Hydrotermalne przeobraxzenia granitów z Borowa oraz Strzelina (Sudety) na tle wybranych masywów granitoidowych]},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0036996908&partnerID=40&md5=417f6367c249ab18159d61306f2c1edd},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {50},

number = {9},

pages = {783-786},

abstract = {Hydrothermal alteration of granitoids have become a subject of world-wide interest because of recovery of geothermal heat and the radioactive waste storage problems. This paper describes hydrothermal alteration of the Borów and Strzelin granites (the Studetes Mts., Poland) in comparison with granitoids: Maine, USA, Aspo, SE Sweden, Stripa, S Sweden, Beauvoir, a part of the Echassieres granitic cupola, Central Massif, France. Auriat, Central Massif, France and Ashio, Japan. The following features were taken into consideration: neighbouring rocks, the age of granitoids, the mineral composition of unaltered rocks, primary minerals which were altered, association of primary and secondary hydrothermal minerals and the composition of hydrothermal fluids. The cause of various association of hydrothermal minerals in the investigated granitoids can be as follows: a decrease of temperature of hydrothermal fluid, thermal vertical and horizontal gradients, a distance from the vein or change in chemical composition of fluids. The composition of hydrothermal minerals in the described granitoids corresponds to minerals which are indicators of low-grade metamorphism, so-called hydrothermal metamorphism.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-53349097989,

title = {Geochemistry of early Palaeozoic amphibolites from the Orlica- Śnieżnik dome, Bohemian massif: Petrogenesis and palaeotectonic aspects},

author = { P.A. Floyd and J.A. Winchester and J. Ciesielczuk and A. Lewandowska and J. Szczepanski and K. Turniak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-53349097989&partnerID=40&md5=b2463c0ba14d83b0f8965c4c25967807},

issn = {14373254},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Earth Sciences},

volume = {85},

number = {2},

pages = {225-238},

abstract = {Orthoamphibolites within and marginal to the Orlica-Śnieżnik dome in the eastern Bohemian massif are associated with a series of Proterozoic-Lower Palaeozoic supracrustal meta-sediments of the Stronie, Nové Město and Staré Město formations. Massive and variably foliated amphibolites range from common epidote-plagioclase-blue-green/ green hornblende varieties to assemblages with diopside, garnet and brown amphibole. All the amphibolites have a basaltic composition and are divided into three main chemical groups which are intimately associated in the field: main series tholeiites, low-Ti tholeiites and alkali basalts. All groups exhibit a common enrichment in LIL elements + Nb + Ta (relative to high-field-strength elements) which reflects contamination by upper continental crust and/or pelagic sediment compositions. The gross chemistry of the tholeiites approaches that for MORB, although the geological environment and nature of crustal contamination suggests that the basaltic precursors were probably emplaced in a rifted ensialic basinal environment. If the amphibolites are representative of an early phase of the Lower Palaeozoic fragmentation of Gondwanaland, then rifting did not fully develop ocean crust. The wider significance of the chemical interpretation implies that some of the variation from Variscan Proterozoic-Palaeozoic metabasite suites that is ascribed to a complex of different eruptive settings could be accounted for by variable contamination and/or source composition. © Springer-Verlag 1996.},

note = {20},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0030470892,

title = {Geochemistry of early Palaeozoic amphibolites from the Orlica-Śnieżnik dome, Bohemian massif: Petrogenesis and palaeotectonic aspects},

author = { P.A. Floyd and J.A. Winchester and J. Ciesielczuk and A. Lewandowska and J. Szczepanski and K. Turniak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0030470892&doi=10.1007%2fBF02422230&partnerID=40&md5=0efbfb57d249138cd2742909cdb79d1f},

doi = {10.1007/BF02422230},

issn = {00167835},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {Geologische Rundschau},

volume = {85},

number = {2},

pages = {225-238},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {Orthoamphibolites within and marginal to the Orlica-Śnieznik dome in the eastern Bohemian massif are associated with a series of Proterozoic-Lower Palaeozoic supracrustal meta-sediments of the Stronie, Nové Město and Staré Město formations. Massive and variably foliated amphibolites range from common epidote-plagioclase-blue-green/green hornblende varieties to assemblages with diopside, garnet and brown amphibole. All the amphibolites have a basaltic composition and are divided into three main chemical groups which are intimately associated in the field: main series tholeiites, low-Ti tholeiites and alkali basalts. All groups exhibit a common enrichment in LIL elements+Nb+Ta (relative to high-field-strength elements) which reflects contamination by upper continental crust and/or pelagic sediment compositions. The gross chemistry of the tholeiites approaches that for MORB, although the geological environment and nature of crustal contamination suggests that the basaltic precursors were probably emplaced in a rifted ensialic basinal environment. If the amphibolites are representative of an early phase of the Lower Palaeozoic fragmentation of Gondwanaland, then rifting did not fully develop ocean crust. The wider significance of the chemical interpretation implies that some of the variation from Variscan Proterozoic-Palaeozoic metabasite suites that is ascribed to a complex of different eruptive settings could be accounted for by variable contamination and/or source composition.},

note = {38},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}