@article{2-s2.0-85153100475,

title = {Divergence in responses of juniper tree rings to climate conditions along a high-mountain transect in the semi-arid Fann Mountains, Pamir-Alay, western Tajikistan},

author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and O. Rahmonov and Ł. Małarzewski and F. Chen and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85153100475&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecolind.2023.110280&partnerID=40&md5=c784e142349bca513acd04265c94fcb2},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110280},

issn = {1470160X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Ecological Indicators},

volume = {150},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {This paper reports on a detailed dendrochronological and dendroclimatological study of juniper trees (Juniperus seravschanica Kom. and J. semiglobosa Regel), sampled at seven sites having different elevations (2200 – 3100 m) and exposures (south-north) in the Pamir-Alay mountains, north-western Tajikistan. We developed seven new, well-replicated ring-width chronologies extending back over the last 219–1320 years. Our results confirm that the main climate factor influencing radial growth in this semi-arid region is variability in precipitation. However, they also indicate that there is a divergence in dendroclimatic responses between low- and high-elevation sites, where different limiting factors play a dominant role. The radial growth of J. semiglobosa at the uppermost treeline locations is the most sensitive to winter precipitation. Tree-ring formation in J. seravschanica at low-elevation sites is strongly limited by spring-summer drought conditions and by winter temperatures. The results of PCA analysis indicate that the relationships between growth and climate are linked more to elevation than to exposure. It was also found that negative growth extremes at low elevation sites may be triggered by strong dust storm events. Our findings clearly show that precisely planned selections of topographically differentiated sites, including elevation and exposure, are crucial for the possible reconstruction of different climatic elements in the high mountains of Central Asia for the last hundreds to thousands of years. © 2023 The Author(s)},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85121351192,

title = {The course of birch pollen seasons in Sosnowiec (Southern Poland) in 1997–2020 in relation to meteorological conditions},

author = { K. Dąbrowska-Zapart and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85121351192&doi=10.1007%2fs10453-021-09734-3&partnerID=40&md5=d1a808efb70c5751a5c6133369cb4848},

doi = {10.1007/s10453-021-09734-3},

issn = {03935965},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Aerobiologia},

volume = {38},

number = {1},

pages = {51-70},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media B.V.},

abstract = {The study's main objective was to specify the extent to which weather conditions were related to the course of birch pollen seasons in the years 1997–2020. The impact of atmospheric conditions on the daily concentrations of birch pollen grains, the Annual pollen integral (APIn), and the length of pollen seasons were studied. The dependency between each meteorological condition and various features of the birch pollen season was determined using Spearman’s rho correlation, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and cluster analysis with the k-means method. It has been shown that the duration of sunshine and average air temperature occurring within 14 days preceding the season has the most significant influence on the beginning of a birch pollen season. The value of daily birch pollen concentrations in Sosnowiec showed a statistically significant positive correlation with the duration of sunlight and the average and maximum wind speed. The daily concentration also depended on the synoptic situation: the mass airflow direction, the type of air mass inflow, and the type of weather front. The near-ground temperature influenced the APIn of birch pollen grains during the period of 14 days before the beginning of the season and the meteorological conditions occurring in the summer of the preceding year such as the maximum temperature, duration of sunlight, the maximum and average wind speed, and the relative air humidity. It was concluded that the length of birch pollen seasons decreased year by year. © 2021, The Author(s).},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85123513031,

title = {Relationships between Vertical Temperature Gradients and PM10 Concentrations during Selected Weather Conditions in Upper Silesia (Southern Poland)},

author = { E.B. Łupikasza and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85123513031&doi=10.3390%2fatmos13010125&partnerID=40&md5=dd4b30d9c82a347b1ca0f373a2edad92},

doi = {10.3390/atmos13010125},

issn = {20734433},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Atmosphere},

volume = {13},

number = {1},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {This paper studies surface air temperature inversions and their impact on air pollution under the background of meteorological conditions in southern Poland. The relationship of temperature gradients and air quality classes with weather conditions in the most urbanized and polluted part of Poland as represented by the Upper Silesia region (USR) within the administrative boundaries of the Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolis (GZM) is presented. Based on probability analysis this study hierarchized the role of the selected weather elements in the development of surface-based temperature inversion (SBI) and air quality (AQ). The thresholds of weather elements for a rapid increase in the probability of oppressive air pollution episodes were distinguished. Although most SBI occurred in summer winter SBIs were of great importance. In that season a bad air quality occurred during >70% of strong inversions and >50% of moderate inversions. Air temperature more strongly triggered AQ than SBI development. Wind speed was critical for SBI and significant for AQ development. A low cloudiness favored SBI occurrence altered air quality in winter and spring during SBI and favored very bad AQ5 (>180 µg/m3) occurrence. The probability of high air pollution enhanced by SBI rapidly increased in winter when the air temperature dropped below −6 °C the wind speed decreased below 1.5 m/s and the sky was cloudless. Changes in the relative humidity did not induce rapid changes in the occurrence of bad AQ events during SBI. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85114629031,

title = {Surface-based nocturnal air temperature inversions in southern Poland and their influence on PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in Upper Silesia},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and E.B. Łupikasza and Ł. Małarzewski and T. Budzik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85114629031&doi=10.1007%2fs00704-021-03752-4&partnerID=40&md5=c91730def2b51bffd8c49199b853400d},

doi = {10.1007/s00704-021-03752-4},

issn = {0177798X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Theoretical and Applied Climatology},

volume = {146},

number = {3-4},

pages = {897-919},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {The frequency, strength and seasonal variations of surface-based temperature inversions (SBTIs) in Upper Silesia (Southern Poland) were examined using data from January 2001 to September 2020. Based on the air temperatures recorded at the meteorological station of the Institute of Earth Sciences in Sosnowiec (263 m a.s.l.) at heights of 2 m and 88 m above the ground, the vertical temperature gradient of the 100-m layer (γSos100 m) was determined. A lapse rate of γSos100 m > 0.5 K was defined as a temperature inversion. The measurements for 00 UTC (midnight) and 12 UTC (midday) were compared with data from the upper air station in Wrocław (116 m a.s.l.) located in the Lower Silesia Lowland, approximately 170 km NW of Sosnowiec. Based on soundings from Wrocław, in addition to the temperature gradient in the lower 100-m layer of air (γWrc100), three other characteristics of SBTIs were calculated: inversion depth (ID) or thickness in metres, inversion strength (ΔTi) in K and vertical temperature gradients across the whole SBTI layer γi in K 100 m−1. On an annual basis, the frequency of nighttime SBTIs (γ > 0.5 K 100 m−1) ranged from 47% in Sosnowiec to almost 59% in Wrocław. At both stations, the fewest SBTIs occurred in winter (23–38%) and the most in summer (64–75%). Moreover, they were more frequent in spring (52–61%) than in autumn (49–59%). The SBTI frequency was very low during the midday hours, amounting to 0.6–0.7% days a year, and it increased to 1–2% only in winter. Annually, the depth of 81% of inversions ranged between 50 and 300 m, varying seasonally from almost 67% in winter to 87% in summer. The presented research shows that SBTIs in winter were among the main factors contributing to a high concentration of particulate matter pollutants in the ground-level atmosphere. During nights with temperature inversions, the annual mean PM10 concentration reached 125% of the mean value, ranging from 114% in summer to 189% in winter. © 2021, The Author(s).},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85101490448,

title = {Importance of regional indices of atmospheric circulation for periods of warming and cooling in Svalbard during 1920–2018},

author = { E.B. Łupikasza and T. Niedźwiedź and R. Przybylak and Ø. Nordli},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85101490448&doi=10.1002%2fjoc.7031&partnerID=40&md5=ae94374bbd4fe70112fed2628f319e21},

doi = {10.1002/joc.7031},

issn = {08998418},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Climatology},

volume = {41},

number = {6},

pages = {3481-3502},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

abstract = {The Arctic has experienced prominent climate warming, at the beginning of the 20th century and currently. Comparing the driving mechanism during these periods helps to explain the causes of contemporary climate change. Our study explores the impact of regional circulation on Svalbard's surface air temperature (SAT; 2 m above ground). We used air temperature data from Svalbard Airport, Bjørnøya stations, and three regional circulation indices that describe the frequency of cyclonic conditions, zonal circulation, and meridional circulation. The indices were calculated for four circulation areas with differing circulation conditions and, therefore, may have various impacts on long-term changes in SAT. This was checked for the entire study period (1920–2018), and 30-year sub-periods representing the most prominent climatic events: the early 20th-century Arctic warming (ETCAW), contemporary Arctic warming (CAW), and a cold period between them (CAP). In autumn and winter, the deviations in SAT from the long-term average during warm and cold periods were almost twice as large at Svalbard Airport as at Bjørnøya. In these seasons, the ETCAW was significantly warmer than the subsequent cold period, which was not the case for summer and spring. However, long-term trends in the regional circulation indices were more evident in summer and spring than in autumn and winter. Air temperature was the most strongly influenced by meridional circulation over the eastern circulation areas, with the exception of spring, when air temperature variability was more affected by zonal circulation. The recent warming weakened the relationship between SAT and the indices in summer. We attributed the ETCAW in autumn to a southerly advection of sensible heat. During the same historical period, the impact of the indices was much weaker in winter. In winter during the CAP, there was a higher frequency of northern air advection, particularly over the northern part of the Greenland Sea. © 2021 Royal Meteorological Society},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85092184904,

title = {The impact of weather conditions on hazel pollen concentration in Sosnowiec (Poland) in 1997–2019},

author = { K. Dąbrowska-Zapart and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85092184904&doi=10.1007%2fs10453-020-09661-9&partnerID=40&md5=ca93ca32e992d1ba460c71799388452a},

doi = {10.1007/s10453-020-09661-9},

issn = {03935965},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Aerobiologia},

volume = {36},

number = {4},

pages = {697-713},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media B.V.},

abstract = {The goal of this study was to compare hazel pollen seasons in Sosnowiec in 1997–2019 and to analyse the impact of weather conditions on these seasons. The measurements were conducted using a volumetric method with a Burkard spore trap. The duration of pollen seasons was determined using the 98% method. SPI (Seasonal Pollen Index) was calculated as the sum of daily pollen concentrations in a given season. The measurements showed that high temperatures in January and February had an impact on the beginning of the hazel pollen season. They revealed that there are positive correlations with temperatures and sunshine hours long before the season, i.e. 210–180 days before. The daily hazel pollen concentration in Sosnowiec showed a positive and statistically significant correlation with air temperature, sunshine hours, and average and maximum wind speed. Negative correlation was demonstrated for snow cover depth and relative humidity of the air. Daily concentration levels depend also on the type of weather front as well as direction of air mass flow and its type. Variance analysis showed that the highest concentrations of hazel pollen grains were recorded when warm air moves from the south and south–western direction, whereas the lowest ones were noted for air moving from the east, south–east, north and north–east directions. Atmospheric precipitation, snow cover depth, and average, maximum, minimum and near-the-ground temperatures in the season also had an impact on the SPI of hazel pollen grains. High positive correlation coefficients were also observed in the case of thermal conditions, sunshine hours, relative humidity and precipitation from July to September in the year preceding a given pollen season. The duration of the hazel pollen season depends on precipitation, snow cover depth and temperature during a given season. © 2020, The Author(s).},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85089820782,

title = {Seasonal and vertical variability of saccharides and other organic tracers of PM10 in relation to weather conditions in an urban environment of Upper Silesia, Poland},

author = { L. Marynowski and E.B. Łupikasza and K. Dąbrowska-Zapart and Ł. Małarzewski and T. Niedźwiedź and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089820782&doi=10.1016%2fj.atmosenv.2020.117849&partnerID=40&md5=d0c65b4e064f6a3a076cab7996c52eda},

doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117849},

issn = {13522310},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Atmospheric Environment},

volume = {242},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {PM10 samples collected over one year from the city of Sosnowiec, part of the Upper Silesia metropolis were studied. The locale was a gradient meteorological station, 4 m and 100 m above ground. The dominant compounds identified were anhydro-, mono- and disaccharides which were divided into three groups of organic tracers (OT): biomass burning (BB) including low-rank coal burning, pollen grains (PG) and fungal spores (FS). The BB group included: levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan, complemented with vanillic and dehydroabietic acids. The PG group included: fructose, glucose and sucrose, supplemented with D-pinitol, and the FS tracers included: arabitol, mannitol and trehalose. Levoglucosan reached 1503 ng/m3 in heating season at 4 m and 983 ng/m3 at 100 m. These values are among the highest mean concentrations of levoglucosan reported in Europe, confirming severe pollution of the Upper Silesian urban environment. We also suggest that the significant levoglucosan levels during the non-heating seasons could be from wind advected polluted soil and dust. All FS tracers correlate well with fungal spore counts, while the correlation of pollen numbers with their typical molecular tracers is statistically less significant. Weather conditions significantly influence the concentration of OT in aerosols. Among these, air temperature is a factor that affects the occurrence/existence of OT in the atmosphere, while temperature inversions are the main phenomenon which determines elevated concentrations of pollutants and their vertical variation in ambient air. For example, the concentration of BB tracers can be twice as high at 4 m as at 100 m under moderate to strong temperature inversions associated with low wind speed. Water vapor pressure and sun irradiation are also important factors controlling OT concentrations. This is one of the first studies of vertical differences in organic tracers which presents the variability and complexity of the processes affecting their concentrations in ambient air. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85087311458,

title = {Revisiting the extended svalbard airport monthly temperature series, and the compiled corresponding daily series 1898–2018},

author = { Ø. Nordli and P. Wyszyński and H.M. Gjelten and K. Isaksen and E.B. Łupikasza and T. Niedźwiedź and R. Przybylak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087311458&doi=10.33265%2fpolar.v39.3614&partnerID=40&md5=9ad55d3a294f906e191e87002b9a0cba},

doi = {10.33265/polar.v39.3614},

issn = {08000395},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Polar Research},

volume = {39},

pages = {1-15},

publisher = {Norwegian Polar Institute},

abstract = {The Svalbard Airport composite series spanning the period from 1898 to the present represents one of very few long-term instrumental temperature series from the High Arctic. A homogenized monthly temperature series is available since 2014. Here we increase the resolution from a monthly to daily basis, and further digitization of historical data has reduced the uncertainty of the series. The most pronounced changes in the 120-year record occur during the last three decades. For the 1991–2018 period the number of days warmer than 0 and 5 °C has increased by 25 (21%) and 22 (59%), respectively, per year compared to the 1961–1990 standard normal. Likewise, comparing the same periods, the number of days colder than −10 and −20 °C has decreased by 42 (32%) and 27 (62%), respectively. During the entire time span of the series, the western Spitsbergen climate has gone through stepwise changes, alternating between cold and warm regimes: 1899–1929 was cold, 1930–1961 warm, 1962–1998 cold and 1999–2018 warm. The latest cold regime was 1.0 °C warmer than the first cold one, and the latest warm regime was 1.7 °C warmer than the previous warm one. For the whole series the linear trend for annual means amounts to 0.32°C/decade, which is about 3.5 times the increase of the global mean temperature for the same period. Since 1991, the rate of warming at Svalbard Airport is 1.7 °C/decade, which is more than twice the Arctic average (0.8 °C/decade; north of 66 °N) and about seven times the global average for the same period. © 2020 B. Ø. Nordli et al.},

note = {23},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85066886240,

title = {The Influence of Mesoscale Atmospheric Circulation on Spitsbergen Air Temperature in Periods of Arctic Warming and Cooling},

author = { E.B. Łupikasza and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85066886240&doi=10.1029%2f2018JD029443&partnerID=40&md5=b34fcbebedcc45844135ec958a018bc1},

doi = {10.1029/2018JD029443},

issn = {2169897X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres},

volume = {124},

number = {10},

pages = {5233-5250},

publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {The Arctic has experienced step changes in climate conditions, which are still not fully understood. Particularly intriguing was the Early Twentieth-Century Arctic Warming (ETCAW), which occurred prior to anthropogenic interference in the environment. This paper quantitatively assesses the differences in atmospheric circulation patterns during periods of warming and cooling on Spitsbergen with a particular focus on ETCAW. The patterns of atmospheric circulation were taken from the catalog of day-by-day circulation types created for Svalbard. The catalog includes 21 circulation types, assigned to every day between 1920 and 2017. The research focused on winter and autumn, the seasons exhibiting pronounced ETCAW on Spitsbergen. The long-term variability in autumn and winter air temperatures on Spitsbergen significantly depends on the frequency of air advection from clearly defined directions and reveals some seasonal differentiation. Warming was related in autumn to southern and south-eastern advection, in winter to southern advection, and in both cyclonic and anticyclonic conditions. These “warm” types explained up to 21% (September–November) or 25% (December–February) of the variability in air temperature. In winter, cooling was significantly related to anticyclonic type with air advection from the northeast (NEa: 24% of variability): in autumn to cyclonic northern (Nc) and northeastern (NEc) types. During ETCAW, the frequency of warm circulation types was significantly higher, and that of “cold” circulation types significantly lower. No relevant differences in patterns were found between ETCAW and Recent Arctic Warming; however, the frequency of warm and cold types was higher and lower, respectively, during ETCAW. © 2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85108940684,

title = {Polish polar research in the field of meteorology and climatology [Polskie badania polarne z zakresu meteorologii i klimatologii]},

author = { R. Przybylak and A. Araźny and M. Miętus and K. Migała and T. Niedźwiedź and G. Rachlewicz and K. Siwek and Z. Ustrnul},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85108940684&doi=10.32045%2fPG-2019-001&partnerID=40&md5=3c0b7ae2e0cd2b549cda36cfdc013f68},

doi = {10.32045/PG-2019-001},

issn = {00332135},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geofizyczny},

volume = {64},

number = {1-2},

pages = {1-33},

publisher = {Przeglad Geofizyczny},

abstract = {The article presents a synthetic review and summary of the achievements of Polish meteorological and climatological research in both polar areas, with a historical perspective. Various aspects of these achievements are discussed, beginning with the organisation of and participation in polar expeditions, the scope of meteorological measurements and observations conducted during research, and results from weather and climate research in the study areas. Publications that have resulted from research other than meteorological measurements and observations conducted as part of polar expeditions are also described. A detailed analysis of the activity of Polish scientists in the field of polar climatology and meteorology since its inception in the late nineteenth century revealed four distinct periods (waves) of clearly more intense activity: 1) the 1930s, 2) 1957-1962, 3) the 1970s, especially the latter half, 4) the last 30 years, with a peak in 2004-2009 (preparatory period 2004-2007 and IV International Polar Year 2007-2009). Although the meteorological and climatological research conducted by Polish scientists included both polar regions, decidedly the greatest research and publication achievements (including journals from the Journal Citation Reports database) concern Svalbard. It was found that, alongside Norwegian researchers, Polish scientists account for the largest share in the diagnosis of weather and climate conditions in this area. A detailed analysis of the research issues led to the conclusion that Polish meteorological and climatological research is very comprehensive but, nevertheless, its specialisations, especially with regards to studies on Svalbard, are: 1) micro-climatic research, and especially topoclimatic research; and 2) research into the influence of atmospheric circulation in determining weather and climate. © 2019 Przeglad Geofizyczny. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85107367886,

title = {Atmospheric circulation in the investigations of the Polish climatologists [Cyrkulacja atmosferyczna w badaniach Polskich klimatologów]},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and E.B. Łupikasza},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107367886&doi=10.32045%2fPG-2019-004&partnerID=40&md5=6e4841d95939ce9766e1a8ed23d486d1},

doi = {10.32045/PG-2019-004},

issn = {00332135},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geofizyczny},

volume = {64},

number = {1-2},

pages = {107-166},

publisher = {Przeglad Geofizyczny},

abstract = {This paper presents most important directions of research that were undertaken by polish climatologist in the field of synoptic climatology which analyses various forms of atmospheric circulation and their impact on climate. Initial research in the field of synoptic climatology dates back in early 20th century while fast development of the research took place after the II World War. Several classification of circulation types constituted the basis of polish synoptic climatology, including quantitative classification of circulation types and weather types by Lityński (1962; 1969), subjective typology by Osuchowska-Klein (1973; 1991), automatic classification of circulation types for Norther Hemisphere by Ustrnul (1997) and objective classification by Piotrowski (2009). „Grosswetterlagen” macroscale classification after Hess and Brezowsky (1952; 1977) for Central Europe was also used. Regional typologies include: the calendar of circulation types for Southern Poland (Niedźwiedź 1981), Lublin region (Bartoszek 2015) and for the Sudetes (Ojrzyńska 2012). The most frequently used circulation indices included: NAO, macro types of mid-tropospheric circulation developed by Russian meteorologists Wangenheim (1935; 1946) and Girs (1964; 1981), zonal Ws and meridional Wp circulation indices by Lityński (1969) and circulation indices by Niedźwiedź (1981; 2019): zonal circulation index - Wi, meridional circulation index - Si and cyclonicity index - Ci. A lot of works concerned air masses and atmospheric fronts. The research was undertaken on the influence of atmospheric circulation on selected climate elements. Most studies concerned the origin of heavy precipitation causing floods. © 2019 Przeglad Geofizyczny. All rights reserved.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85066329089,

title = {Strong highs over the Arctic (1965−2014)},

author = { Z. Bielec-Bąkowska and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85066329089&doi=10.3354%2fcr01559&partnerID=40&md5=aff3138e3cb4268ec07ee1d34ca7c0ce},

doi = {10.3354/cr01559},

issn = {0936577X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Climate Research},

volume = {78},

number = {1},

pages = {19-35},

publisher = {Inter-Research},

abstract = {The main aim of the study was to determine the seasonal and long-term variability of strong high occurrence in the Arctic. The research was based on average daily air pressure values at sea level for the period 1965−2014 at grid points (2.5° × 2.5° grid) derived from NCEP/NCAR reanalyses. The Arctic was defined as an area north of 60° N. The main characteristic defining the occurrence of high pressure and strong high pressure systems was a day in which the pressure at a given grid point was ≥1020 and ≥1030 hPa, respectively. The results obtained revealed large seasonal differences in strong high occurrence in the Arctic. They occur the least frequently (usually once a month) from June to August. In subsequent months, strong highs are more frequent, and from December to February, strong highs occur even several times a month. In terms of the number of days with high pressure and the number of days with strong highs, Greenland, the Siberian part of the Arctic, and the area covering the Beaufort Sea, the East Siberian Sea, and part of the Arctic Ocean stand out. Concerning the entire Arctic, the analysis of the long-term variability of strong high occurrence demonstrated that there are signals of a decline in the number of those baric systems during the period investigated. Decreasing tendency was the strongest up to the 1990s. However, since the beginning of the 21st century, the number of strong highs has increased again. © Inter-Research 2019 · www.int-res.com},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85064967020,

title = {Erratum: Last 1100 yr of precipitation variability in western central Asia as revealed by tree-ring data from the Pamir-Alay (Quaternary Research (2018) DOI: 10.1017/qua.2018.21)},

author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85064967020&doi=10.1017%2fqua.2018.66&partnerID=40&md5=77b6bfb5de1b7a3a7c9865994fc6e91b},

doi = {10.1017/qua.2018.66},

issn = {00335894},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Quaternary Research (United States)},

volume = {91},

number = {1},

pages = {450-},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press},

abstract = {Additional funding information for Opała-Owczarek and Niedźwiedź (2018) inadvertently omitted from the original publication is as follows: The open access has been financed from the funds of the Leading National Research Centre (KNOW) received by the Centre for Polar Studies of the University of Silesia, Poland. The authors apologize for this omission. © 2018 University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85063404368,

title = {Last 1100 yr of precipitation variability in western central Asia as revealed by tree-ring data from the Pamir-Alay},

author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063404368&doi=10.1017%2fqua.2018.21&partnerID=40&md5=67582acfd2b79ce580c8948980e2c228},

doi = {10.1017/qua.2018.21},

issn = {00335894},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Quaternary Research (United States)},

volume = {91},

number = {1},

pages = {81-95},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press},

abstract = {We developed a 1108 yr chronology of tree-ring widths, based on 64 Himalayan pencil juniper (Juniperus semiglobosa Regel) trees, for the Pamir-Alay Mountains, central Asia. Dendroclimatological analysis demonstrates that precipitation has significant effects on tree growth in the semiarid mountainous area of northwestern Tajikistan located on the edge of the great midlatitude Karakum and Kyzylkum deserts. The highest level of linear correlation (r=0.67) is observed between tree growth and seasonalised winter (previous December-February) precipitation. Our studies also show that moisture (precipitation/Palmer Drought Severity Index) from the previous June to the current September was the dominant climatic factor accounting for interannual variations in tree-ring width, suggesting that this should be considered in climate reconstruction. Using the transfer function method, we reconstructed the region's drought history over the period AD 908-2015. The results of this moisture reconstruction showed that the most recent millennium was characterised by series of dry and wet stages. The driest periods occurred before 1000, 1200-1250, and at the end of the eighteenth century and beginning of the nineteenth century. The wettest conditions existed in 1650-1700 and after 1990. © 2018 University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press.},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85048369073,

title = {The impact of meteorological conditions on the concentration of alder pollen in Sosnowiec (Poland) in the years 1997–2017},

author = { K. Dąbrowska-Zapart and K. Chłopek and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048369073&doi=10.1007%2fs10453-018-9524-8&partnerID=40&md5=293febc5131ac52cd8982e4e14cb009f},

doi = {10.1007/s10453-018-9524-8},

issn = {03935965},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Aerobiologia},

volume = {34},

number = {4},

pages = {469-485},

publisher = {Springer Netherlands},

abstract = {The aim of the work was to compare the alder pollen seasons in the years 1997–2017 in Sosnowiec. The measurements of pollen concentration were taken with the volumetric method using Burkard’s apparatus. The impact of atmospheric conditions on the daily alder pollen grain concentration, the annual totals, and the duration of pollen seasons were studied. The dependency between each meteorological condition and different features of the alder pollen season was determined by using Pearson’s correlation coefficients, variance analysis with multiple comparison tests, and the linear regression model using backward elimination. It was proven that the temperatures directly preceding the pollination, i.e. the January and February temperatures as well as those from the period from 210 to 180 days preceding the beginning of the season, have the greatest impact on the beginning of the alder pollen season. The value of the daily alder pollen concentration in Sosnowiec showed a positive statistically significant correlation with the air temperature and sunshine duration and a negative correlation with the thickness of the snow cover and air relative humidity. The daily concentration also depended on the type of the weather front, direction of air mass inflow, and the type of the inflowing air mass. The season temperatures and the thermal conditions which were present in the summer of the preceding year impacted the annual totals (SPI) of the alder pollen grains. © 2018, The Author(s).},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85042525791,

title = {Relationships between loess and the Silk Road reflected by environmental change and its implications for human societies in the area of ancient Panjikent, central Asia},

author = { P. Owczarek and M. Opała-Owczarek and O. Rahmonov and A. Razzokov and Z. Jary and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042525791&doi=10.1017%2fqua.2017.69&partnerID=40&md5=1f47addef5a784788318a7892f084ec9},

doi = {10.1017/qua.2017.69},

issn = {00335894},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Quaternary Research (United States)},

volume = {89},

number = {3},

pages = {691-701},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press},

abstract = {Rich ancient societies of central Asia developed on the basis of trade between East and West; their existence was dependent on natural resources that favoured agriculture. The branches of the Silk Road in central Asia clearly coincide with loess areas, where many settlements were erected based on the presence of fertile loess soil and water. The aim of the study was to analyse the environmental factors that led to the growth and decline of one of the most important Silk Road loess towns, ancient Panjikent, as an example of human and climatic impacts on landscape changes. The town, established in the fifth century, quickly became one of the most important cities of Sogdiana. Local loess material was used for the production of the sun-dried bricks. Rapid population growth led to deforestation and consequently increased the intensity of erosion rates and reductions in cultivation area. A period of drought near the end of the first millennium AD influenced the final abandonment of the ancient town and its relocation to the lower terrace of the Zarafshan River. A decline in natural and agricultural resources and subsequently climatic forces caused a decline in the number of cities in semiarid regions of central Asia. Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2017.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85042534475,

title = {The first dendrochronological dating of timber from Tajikistan-potential for developing a millennial tree-ring record},

author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and O. Rahmonov and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042534475&doi=10.3959%2f1536-1098-74.1.50&partnerID=40&md5=aafc558af157cc8fd8a21549076cb6fb},

doi = {10.3959/1536-1098-74.1.50},

issn = {15361098},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Tree-Ring Research},

volume = {74},

number = {1},

pages = {50-62},

publisher = {Tree Ring Society},

abstract = {We are reporting the first dendrochronological dating of timber from Tajikistan. Thirty samples were collected from two old buildings from a village located in the western Pamir-Alay; eight cores were taken from temple. Most of the construction wood was juniper species. The object chronologies crossdated well with the previously published chronology based on living juniper trees from western Pamir-Alay. The results of dating revealed that investigated structures are composed of wood coming from several periods. The oldest pieces of wood dated back to the 11th and 12th Centuries. Most timber samples come from the turn of the 17th and 18th Centuries, which were probably the period of intense development of the Artuch village. Besides dating of the wood samples from these historic structures, our investigation provides the opportunity to extend the currently existing regional tree-ring chronology for future climate reconstruction of the Pamir-Alay and High Asia. Dated sequences were assembled into a 1012-year chronology spanning the period 945-2014 C.E. and strengthened the replication of its earliest part (with critical 0.85 EPS value since the beginning of the 13th Century). © Copyright 2018 by The Tree-Ring Society.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85028348816,

title = {Changes of flood risk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains},

author = { Z.W. Kundzewicz and M. Stoffel and B. Wyżga and V. Ruiz-Villanueva and T. Niedźwiedź and R.J. Kaczka and J.A. Ballesteros-Cánovas and I. Pińskwar and E.B. Łupikasza and J. Zawiejska and P. Mikuś and A. Choryński and H. Hajdukiewicz and B. Spyt and K. Janecka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85028348816&doi=10.1007%2fs11600-017-0075-0&partnerID=40&md5=547c7f6bae0285788c2936739d020ef2},

doi = {10.1007/s11600-017-0075-0},

issn = {18956572},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geophysica},

volume = {65},

number = {4},

pages = {799-807},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

abstract = {The present paper reviews selected outcomes of the FLORIST project devoted to flood risk in the region of the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains in Poland and summarizes novel results. The project encompassed theoretical, field, and modeling work. It was focused around observation-based hydroclimatology; projections for the future; dendrogeomorphology; as well as influence of transport of large wood on fluvial processes. The project improved understanding and interpreting changes in high-flow frequency and magnitude as well as changes in flood risk in the region, related to the presence of large wood in mountain streams. A unique database on past episodes of intense precipitation and flooding was created, harnessing multiple sources. The project showed that the analysis of tree rings and wood logs can offer useful information, complementing and considerably enriching the knowledge of river floods in the region of northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains. Retrospective and scenario-defined modeling of selected past fluvial events in the region was also performed. © 2017 The Author(s).},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85018524263,

title = {The human impact on the transformation of juniper forest landscape in the western part of the Pamir-Alay range (Tajikistan)},

author = { O. Rahmonov and T. Szczypek and T. Niedźwiedź and U. Myga-Piątek and M. Rahmonov and V.A. Snytko},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85018524263&doi=10.1007%2fs12665-017-6643-4&partnerID=40&md5=499ba0452cb9af79f623030d39cef0d5},

doi = {10.1007/s12665-017-6643-4},

issn = {18666280},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Earth Sciences},

volume = {76},

number = {8},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {Detailed analyses were conducted of human impact on juniper forest landscapes occurring within the Zarafshan Range (Pamir-Alay). Juniperus seravschanica and J. semiglobosa belong to forest-forming species in Central Asia. At present, juniper forests all over Tajikistan are seriously threatened as a result of excessive logging and cattle grazing. The aim of this paper is to present juniper forest transformation as a result of human activities as well as the diversity of soil properties in the organic and humus horizons in the altitudinal system of soil zonation. Three groups of phytocoenoses were distinguished: those with a dominant share of Juniperus seravschanica; those with a dominant share of J. semiglobosa; and mixed. Associations with Juniperus seravschanica and J. semiglobosa feature several variants of phytocoenoses with dominant species: Artemisia lehmanniana, A. dracunculus, Eremurus olgae, Festuca sulcata, Ligularia thomsonii, Stipa turkestanica, Thymus seravschanicus, and Ziziphora pamiroalaica. The collected soil samples differ in their granulometric composition. Gravelly cobble fractions >2 mm are dominant; the share of sandy particles <2 mm is much lower (about 10–20%). Fraction 0.5–0.05 attains 35% on average. The Corg content of the soil varied from 0.26 to 11.40% in the humus horizon (A) and from 4.3 to 25% in the organic (O). Similar relationships were reported in the case of Ntot concentration. A clear relationship can be observed between concentrations of Corg and Ntot. Soil pH varied, ranging from very low acidic (pH 5.5) to neutral (pH 8.5). The content of available P varied; high concentrations were noted in organic (O) (40.46–211 mg kg−1) and mixed horizons (OA) (2.61–119 mg kg−1). Maximum accumulations of Pavail (1739.6 mg kg−1) and Ptot (9696 mg kg−1) were observed at a site heavily affected by intense grazing. Concentrations of Mgavail varied from 116 to 964 mg kg−1. Most of the analysed soil profiles lacked an organic horizon; only thin humus occurred. © 2017, The Author(s).},

note = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85039551454,

title = {Ecological and cultural importance of juniper ecosystem in the area of zeravshan valley (tajikistan) on the background of environmental condition and anthropogenic hazards},

author = { O. Rahmonov and M. Rahmonov and M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85039551454&doi=10.7163%2fGPol.0110&partnerID=40&md5=8289da99ec83dae9611d00fd4d1b5999},

doi = {10.7163/GPol.0110},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {90},

number = {4},

pages = {441-461},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {The study analyses physiogeographical factors of the Zeravshan Range as a basis for environmental and habitat diversity. They provided the background for considering conditions for the functioning of juniper forest ecosystems. The uniqueness of these ecosystems also relies on the longevity of Juniperus seravschanica Kom., J. semiglobosa Regel and J. turkestanica Kom. Physiognomic features of the landscape are conditioned by the habitat, climate, landforms, and recently also by anthropopressure. The ecological, environmental and the cultural importance of juniper trees makes them a distinctive and determinant feature of the landscape. Currently juniper forests across Tajikistan, including those in the Zeravshan Mts., have been significantly disrupted as a result of chaotic, uncontrolled and excessive felling. The purpose of this article is to present natural conditions of juniper forest ecosystems, the impact of anthropogenic changes on their functioning as well as the occurrence of endemic species within them. The cultural importance of juniper in the protection of the surrounding landscape was also analysed. © Oimahmad Rahmonov Małgorzata Rahmonov Magdalena Opała-Owczarek Piotr Owczarek Tadeusz Niedźwiedź Urszula Myga-Piątek and Geographia Polonica and Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw 2017.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84962113293,

title = {Towards improving the Central Asian dendrochronological network—New data from Tajikistan, Pamir-Alay},

author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź and O. Rahmonov and P. Owczarek and Ł. Małarzewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84962113293&doi=10.1016%2fj.dendro.2016.03.006&partnerID=40&md5=54220abe2f6066c232296ef05b9fe402},

doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2016.03.006},

issn = {11257865},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Dendrochronologia},

volume = {41},

pages = {10-23},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {Millennial long tree-ring records are crucial for better understanding temperature and hydroclimatic variability over the globe. Juniper is one of particularly long-lived species, which can provide more than a thousand-year record, especially in Central Asia. However, there is a lack of dendrochronological series from the Pamir Mountains. Here we report the first 1010-year (AD 1005–2014) juniper tree-ring chronology from the mountain ranges of north-western Tajikistan, the western Pamir-Alay. We present the potential of Juniperus semiglobosa and Juniperus seravshanica in developing millennia-long records. We sampled three study sites at the elevations from 2200 to 3500 m. In general, the climate-growth analyses show that radial growth of the Himalayan pencil juniper is positively correlated with the winter precipitation and spring temperature. At some sites tree rings were also positively correlated with summer temperature. Our findings demonstrate the importance of developing the tree-ring data network for the Pamir-Alay and its potential for reconstruction of hydroclimatic variability over the last thousand years in this region. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84991619929,

title = {Recent warming on spitsbergen-influence of atmospheric circulation and sea ice cover},

author = { K. Isaksen and Ø. Nordli and E.J. Førland and E.B. Łupikasza and S. Eastwood and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84991619929&doi=10.1002%2f2016JD025606&partnerID=40&md5=60bf4a9af6029a1c139e07facec1d467},

doi = {10.1002/2016JD025606},

issn = {01480227},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},

volume = {121},

number = {20},

pages = {11,913-11,931},

publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},

abstract = {Spitsbergen has experienced some of the most severe temperature changes in the Arctic during the last three decades. This study relates the recent warming to variations in large-scale atmospheric circulation (AC), air mass characteristics, and sea ice concentration (SIC), both regionally around Spitsbergen and locally in three fjords. We find substantial warming for all AC patterns for all seasons, with greatest temperature increase in winter. A major part of the warming can be attributed to changes in air mass characteristics associated with situations of both cyclonic and anticyclonic air advection from north and east and situations with a nonadvectional anticyclonic ridge. In total, six specific AC types (out of 21), which occur on average 41% of days in a year, contribute approximately 80% of the recent warming. The relationship between the land-based surface air temperature (SAT) and local and regional SIC was highly significant, particularly for the most contributing AC types. The high correlation between SAT and SIC for air masses from east and north of Spitsbergen suggests that a major part of the atmospheric warming observed in Spitsbergen is driven by heat exchange from the larger open water area in the Barents Sea and region north of Spitsbergen. Finally, our results show that changes in frequencies of AC play a minor role to the total recent surface warming. Thus, the strong warming in Spitsbergen in the latest decades is not driven by increased frequencies of “warm” AC types but rather from sea ice decline, higher sea surface temperatures, and a general background warming. © 2016. The Authors.},

note = {99},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84957941725,

title = {Decadal variability of floods in the northern foreland of the Tatra Mountains},

author = { V. Ruiz-Villanueva and M. Stoffel and B. Wyżga and Z.W. Kundzewicz and B. Czajka and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84957941725&doi=10.1007%2fs10113-014-0694-9&partnerID=40&md5=6ec2a87f56bc7ad9db3a0ae5ae6a692f},

doi = {10.1007/s10113-014-0694-9},

issn = {14363798},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Regional Environmental Change},

volume = {16},

number = {3},

pages = {603-615},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {Floods in the northern foreland of the Tatra Mountains considerably contribute to the total flood damage in Poland. Therefore, the question whether the magnitude and frequency of floods have changed in this region is of high interest. This study aims at investigating the inter-decadal variability of magnitude, frequency and seasonality of floods since the mid-twentieth century, to better understand regional changes. The analysis was accomplished in a multi-temporal approach whereby trends are fitted to every possible combination of start and end years in a record. Detected trends were explained by estimating correlations between the investigated flood parameters and different large-scale climate indices for the northern hemisphere, and by trends found in intense precipitation indices, number of days with snow cover, cyclonic circulation types, temperature and moisture conditions. Catchment and channel changes that occurred in the region over the past decades were also considered. Results show that rivers in the area exhibit considerable inter-decadal variability of flows. The magnitude and direction of short-term trends are heavily influenced by this inter-decadal variability; however, certain patterns are apparent. More extreme, although perhaps less frequent floods are now likely to occur, with a shift in the seasonality, decreasing flood magnitudes in winter and increasing during autumn and spring. The identification of the factors contributing to the occurrence of flood events and their potential changes is valuable to enhance the flood management in the region and to improve the resilience of the population in this mountainous area. © 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.},

note = {30},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84893845969,

title = {Variability of high rainfalls and related synoptic situations causing heavy floods at the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and E.B. Łupikasza and I. Pińskwar and Z.W. Kundzewicz and M. Stoffel and Ł. Małarzewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84893845969&doi=10.1007%2fs00704-014-1108-0&partnerID=40&md5=a504da9e4fc2dbe87fce1c526b205116},

doi = {10.1007/s00704-014-1108-0},

issn = {0177798X},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Theoretical and Applied Climatology},

volume = {119},

number = {1-2},

pages = {273-284},

publisher = {Springer-Verlag Wien},

abstract = {This contribution provides the basics of the climatology of the Polish Tatra Mountains in a nutshell, with particular reference to intense precipitation and its relation to atmospheric circulation. Variability of various precipitation characteristics, including selected indices of intense precipitation in Zakopane and at Kasprowy Wierch, is illustrated in this paper. None of the trends in these characteristics and indices calculated for the entire time interval exhibit a statistical significance, but short-time fluctuations are evident. The occurrence of intense precipitation in the Tatra Mountains is strongly related to three circulation types. These situations (Nc; NEc; Bc) are associated with cyclones following track Vb after van Bebber. In addition to changing frequencies of circulation, this study also reveals an increase in the frequency of the circulation types associated with extreme precipitation. © 2014, The Author(s).},

note = {59},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84907845547,

title = {Regional differentiation in probability of ice days occurrence in Poland},

author = { E.B. Łupikasza and T. Niedźwiedź and Ł. Małarzewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84907845547&doi=10.2478%2fquageo-2014-0032&partnerID=40&md5=4f42e4021a08c29b143b9649b6fdea14},

doi = {10.2478/quageo-2014-0032},

issn = {0137477X},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Quaestiones Geographicae},

volume = {33},

number = {3},

pages = {89-99},

publisher = {Adam Mickiewicz University Press},

abstract = {This paper aims at recognizing spatial differentiation in probability of ice days occurrence with reference to atmospheric circulation, using regional classification of circulation types for Poland. Daily maximum air temperatures measured at nine meteorological stations were used to recognize the ice days occurrence in the period from January 1951 to March 2014. The relations between the ice days occurrence and atmospheric circulation were analysed using catalogues of circulation types compiled for nine grid boxes within Poland. Linkage between the frequency of ice days and atmospheric circulation was recognized in the period of January 2001 - March 2014. A decreasing tendency in the frequency of the occurrence of winter ice days was found. The occurrence of ice days in Poland is clearly related to atmospheric circulation. In the entire area of Poland their occurrence is favoured by eastern and south-eastern advection of air during anticyclonic conditions (types Ea nad SEa). Regional variability is also noticeable. © Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University 2014.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84897574087,

title = {Floods at the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains - A Polish-Swiss research project},

author = { Z.W. Kundzewicz and M. Stoffel and R.J. Kaczka and B. Wyżga and T. Niedźwiedź and I. Pińskwar and V. Ruiz-Villanueva and E.B. Łupikasza and B. Czajka and J.A. Ballesteros-Cánovas and Ł. Małarzewski and A. Choryński and K. Janecka and P. Mikuś},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84897574087&doi=10.2478%2fs11600-013-0192-3&partnerID=40&md5=aa20aa74877ee8cbd69a98765bb40dc7},

doi = {10.2478/s11600-013-0192-3},

issn = {18956572},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geophysica},

volume = {62},

number = {3},

pages = {620-641},

publisher = {Versita},

abstract = {The present paper introduces the topical area of the Polish-Swiss research project FLORIST (Flood risk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains), informs on its objectives, and reports on initial results. The Tatra Mountains are the area of the highest precipitation in Poland and largely contribute to flood generation. The project is focused around four competence clusters: observation-based climatology, model-based climate change projections and impact assessment, dendrogeomorphology, and impact of large wood debris on fluvial processes. The knowledge generated in the FLORIST project is likely to have impact on understanding and interpretation of flood risk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains, in the past, present, and future. It can help solving important practical problems related to flood risk reduction strategies and flood preparedness. © 2014 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien.},

note = {46},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84864285925,

title = {Long-term variability of occurrence of precipitation forms in winter in Kraków, Poland},

author = { R. Twardosz and E.B. Łupikasza and T. Niedźwiedź and A. Walanus},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84864285925&doi=10.1007%2fs10584-011-0352-x&partnerID=40&md5=c1a73793307993ce56646b91be4aab50},

doi = {10.1007/s10584-011-0352-x},

issn = {01650009},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Climatic Change},

volume = {113},

number = {3-4},

pages = {623-638},

abstract = {The paper discusses long-term change in snowfall, rainfall and mixed precipitation viewed in conjunction with air temperature and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in winter (December-February). In the study of contemporary climate change and its effect on the hydrological cycle it is useful to focus on winter precipitation forms. A 146-year secular observation series from Kraków, spanning the period 1863-2008, was used to extract data on the number of days with precipitation and on precipitation amount broken down by form. Statistically significant trends were found in total and mixed precipitation, but not in snowfall and rainfall. The climate warming effect has contributed to a material decrease in the snowfall to total winter precipitation ratio during the second half of the 20th c. The highest impact of air temperature was found in the wintertime variation in number of days with snowfall while the NAO had a significant influence on the frequency and amount of both rainfall and snowfall. © 2011 The Author(s).},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84862492528,

title = {Floods in Poland},

author = { Z.W. Kundzewicz and A. Dobrowolsk and H. Lorenc and T. Niedźwiedź and I. Pińskwar and P. Kowalczak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84862492528&partnerID=40&md5=dedc14720a9e17e4fc004c9aab52e111},

issn = {01447815},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {IAHS-AISH Publication},

number = {SPEC. ISS. 10},

pages = {319-334},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-79958008882,

title = {Climate Scenario Development and Applications for Local/Regional Climate Change Impact Assessments: An Overview for the Non-Climate Scientist: Part I: Scenario Development Using Downscaling Methods Climate scenario development and applications I},

author = { J.A. Winkler and G.S. Guentchev and S. Perdinan and P.N. Tan and S. Zhong and M. Liszewska and Z. Abraham and T. Niedźwiedź and Z. Ustrnul},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79958008882&doi=10.1111%2fj.1749-8198.2011.00425.x&partnerID=40&md5=f07ca3c25ec66f2eb183cc2c04ed5ea4},

doi = {10.1111/j.1749-8198.2011.00425.x},

issn = {17498198},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Geography Compass},

volume = {5},

number = {6},

pages = {275-300},

abstract = {The majority of climate change impact assessments focus on potential impacts at the local/regional scale. Climate change scenarios with a fine spatial resolution are essential components of these assessments. Scenarios must be designed with the goals of the assessment in mind. Often the scientists and stakeholders leading, or participating in, impact assessments are unaware of the challenging and time-consuming nature of climate scenario development. The intent of this review, presented in two parts, is to strengthen the communication between the developers and users of climate scenarios and ultimately to improve the utility of climate impact assessments. In Part I, approaches to climate downscaling are grouped into three broad categories - dynamic downscaling, empirical-dynamic downscaling and disaggregation downscaling methods - and the fundamental considerations of the different methods are highlighted and explained for non-climatologists. Part II focuses on the application of climate change scenarios. © 2011 The Authors. Geography Compass © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.},

note = {33},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-79955063408,

title = {The influence of atmospheric circulation on the type of precipitation (Kraków, southern Poland)},

author = { R. Twardosz and T. Niedźwiedź and E.B. Łupikasza},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79955063408&doi=10.1007%2fs00704-010-0340-5&partnerID=40&md5=76e98ee6b0ef9ae62ddab656d44c9cea},

doi = {10.1007/s00704-010-0340-5},

issn = {0177798X},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Theoretical and Applied Climatology},

volume = {104},

number = {1-2},

pages = {233-250},

publisher = {Springer-Verlag Wien},

abstract = {The paper discusses the impact of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of various types of precipitation. A 146-year-long precipitation record from Kraków spanning the period 1863-2008 was used alongside a calendar prepared by Niedźwiedź (1981; 2009) describing circulation types covering the period 1873-2008 and air masses and atmospheric fronts covering the period 1951-2008 in southern Poland. The influence of atmospheric circulation on precipitation was measured using the frequency, conditional probability and average daily totals of precipitation. Circulation types, air masses and atmospheric fronts exerted influences on precipitation as a result of the seasonal variations of the thermal and moisture properties of air masses. The impact is best expressed by circulation types as these combine the aspect of cyclonicity/anticyclonicity with that of the direction of air advection, the two elements which determine the physical properties of the air. On average, liquid precipitation prevailed in all circulation types, except the Ea type in which snowfall dominated over liquid precipitation. Depending on the season, one of the three types of circulation, Wa, Wc and Bc, were shown to coincide with the greatest amount of liquid and thunderstorm precipitation. There was no single dominant circulation type for mixed precipitation or snowfall. In summer, the circulation types Nc, NEc, Cc and Bc were the most favourable to liquid and thunderstorm precipitation in terms of both probability and totals. In winter, snowfall was the most favoured by the Ec type. Frontal precipitation was twice as likely to occur as air mass precipitation, with the exception of snowfall which was predominantly an air mass type of precipitation in terms of probability, but its greatest totals were recorded on atmospheric fronts. © 2010 The Author(s).},

note = {28},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-78149496519,

title = {A conceptual framework for multi-regional climate change assessments for international market systems with long-term investments},

author = { J.A. Winkler and S. Thornsbury and M. Artavia and F.M. Chmielewski and D. Kirschke and S. Lee and M. Liszewska and S. Loveridge and P.N. Tan and S. Zhong and J.A. Andresen and J.R. Black and R. Kurlus and D. Nizalov and N. Olynk and Z. Ustrnul and C. Zavalloni and J.M. Bisanz and G. Bujdosó and L. Fusina and Y. Henniges and P. Hilsendegen and K. Lar and Ł. Małarzewski and T. Moeller and R. Murmylo and T. Niedźwiedź and O. Nizalova and H. Prawiranata and N. Rothwell and J. van Ravensway and H. von Witzke and M. Woods},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78149496519&doi=10.1007%2fs10584-009-9781-1&partnerID=40&md5=5bc3fa67e0033b2860a1e72b854a8d89},

doi = {10.1007/s10584-009-9781-1},

issn = {01650009},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Climatic Change},

volume = {103},

number = {3},

pages = {445-470},

abstract = {A conceptual framework for climate change assessments of international market systems that involve long-term investments is proposed. The framework is a hybrid of dynamic and static modeling. Dynamic modeling is used for those system components for which temporally continuous modeling is possible, while fixed time slices are used for other system components where it can be assumed that underlying assumptions are held constant within the time slices but allowed to vary between slices. An important component of the framework is the assessment of the "metauncertainty" arising from the structural uncertainties of a linked sequence of climate, production, trade and decision-making models. The impetus for proposing the framework is the paucity of industry-wide assessments for market systems with multiple production regions and long-term capital investments that are vulnerable to climate variations and change, especially climate extremes. The proposed framework is pragmatic, eschewing the ideal for the tractable. Even so, numerous implementation challenges are expected, which are illustrated using an example industry. The conceptual framework is offered as a starting point for further discussions of strategies and approaches for climate change impact, vulnerability and adaptation assessments for international market systems. © 2009 The Author(s).},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77954951859,

title = {Classification of circulation types for Southern Poland with an application to air pollution concentration in Upper Silesia},

author = { M.R. Leśniok and Ł. Małarzewski and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77954951859&doi=10.1016%2fj.pce.2009.11.006&partnerID=40&md5=99cf3d9101a4a29bacc875a0c1f1ea03},

doi = {10.1016/j.pce.2009.11.006},

issn = {14747065},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Physics and Chemistry of the Earth},

volume = {35},

number = {9-12},

pages = {516-522},

abstract = {The study presents the influence of synoptic situations on the level of air pollution in Upper Silesia. For this purpose, the calendar of circulation types for Southern Poland by T. Niedźwiedź was applied. Upper Silesia is the most urbanized and industrialized region in Poland. For this reason, it is one of the regions with the highest atmospheric pollution. Local meteorological and circulation conditions significantly influence the pollution level. The present research of thermal and pollution structure of near-ground atmospheric layer was conducted at nine points, representing both city and suburban areas, located within the Upper Silesia region. The study integrated measured results of temperature and selected air pollution indices (PM10; SO2; NO2; O3). In the Upper Silesia region, the allowable limits of atmospheric pollution concentrations are mostly exceeded during anticyclone circulation. Under these conditions, we can observe that the increase in pollution level is two-to-three times higher, especially with PM10 and SO2. Intensification of this phenomenon is mostly visible in autumn, winter and early spring. As soon as atmospheric circulation becomes cyclonic, the pollution level visibly decreases. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd.},

note = {34},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-69949111652,

title = {Long-term variability of precipitation series in east central Europe in relation to circulation patterns},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and R. Twardosz and A. Walanus},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-69949111652&doi=10.1007%2fs00704-009-0122-0&partnerID=40&md5=8d663a03a625404dae65b65593e3fd0e},

doi = {10.1007/s00704-009-0122-0},

issn = {0177798X},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Theoretical and Applied Climatology},

volume = {98},

number = {3-4},

pages = {337-350},

publisher = {Springer Wien},

abstract = {This paper discusses patterns of annual and monthly precipitation variability at seven weather stations in east central Europe (1851-2007). Precipitation patterns were compared to three simple regional indices of atmospheric circulation, i.e., western circulation, southern circulation and the cyclonicity (C) index and a relationship between precipitation and the North Atlantic Oscillation index was identified. Correlations of the monthly records and multiple regression, using a principal components' analysis, helped determine the statistical significance of the dependence of precipitation on the circulation indices. The Mann-Kendall test revealed no trend to change in any of the precipitation series, but a certain spatial regularity could be discerned in the phase of the annual periodic component. A common feature of the variability in central European annual precipitation is the dry period identified in the 1980s and the first half of the 1990s. In the northern part of the region, above-average precipitation was noted from the 1960s through to the mid-1970s as a result of the frequent prevalence of depressions. South of the divide, the wettest period was recorded at the turn of 1930s/1940s. After a number of very wet years in the last decade of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century, precipitation began to fall at all of the region's weather stations. The C index is the strongest circulation-linked factor influencing precipitation in central Europe and it accounts for more than 40% of the variance in spatially averaged wintertime precipitation. © Springer-Verlag 2009.},

note = {63},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-67650432880,

title = {The influence of atmospheric circulation and cloudiness on the intensity of temperature inversions in Sosnowiec (Upper Silesia, Southern Poland)},

author = { Z.A. Caputa and M.R. Leśniok and T. Niedźwiedź and G. Bil-Knozová},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-67650432880&doi=10.1504%2fIJEWM.2009.026881&partnerID=40&md5=a4d7d699ac3082f1653892c16978bd5f},

doi = {10.1504/IJEWM.2009.026881},

issn = {14789876},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Environment and Waste Management},

volume = {4},

number = {1-2},

pages = {17-31},

publisher = {Inderscience Publishers},

abstract = {The paper presents research results of the thermal structure of the near-ground atmospheric layer (100 m) carried out in the years 1993-2005 in Sosnowiec. It is a city located in the central part of the most urbanised and industrialised Katowice Region in Poland. Research of seasonal changes in the frequency of near-ground inversions of temperature revealed their most frequent occurrence on clear winter days. In this season, temperature inversions can sometimes persist for the whole day and night. Air temperature inversions over Sosnowiec occur mainly during anticyclonic stagnation (Ca-anticyclone centre and Ka-anticyclonic ridge) and in anticyclones with air advection from the south and southwest (Sa and SWa). Copyright © 2009, Inderscience Publishers.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-38149049877,

title = {Typology of circulation for Poland and the methods of calculations the regional circulation indices [Typologia cyrkulacji atmosfery dla Polski i metody określania regionalnych wskaźników cyrkulacji]},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-38149049877&partnerID=40&md5=da232d7425e194ba263dd554e38cbdce},

issn = {01371983},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio B},

volume = {61},

pages = {326-335},

abstract = {The paper presents the author's (Niedźwiedź 1981; 2006) classification of circulation types for southern Poland (21 types). It is similar to the best known of H.H. Lamb (1972) typology and covers long period since September 1873. Using this method for the 2001-2006 period (until September 2006) the new calendar of circulation types was prepared for 9 regions of Poland: PL-NW-northwestern part, PL-N-northern, PL-NE-northeastern, PL-W-western, PL-C-central, PL-E-eastern, PL-SW-southwestern, PL-S-southern (data for 1873-2006) and PL-SE-southeastern part of Poland. For the investigation of climate variability connected with circulation factor are useful the circulation indices. Based on the frequency of particular circulation patterns (mainly direction of airflow) the three simple circulation indices were calculated: W-westerly index, S-southerly index, and C-cyclonicity index. Author used the modified method proposed by R. Murray and R.P.W. Lewis (1966). The long-term variability of the indices and this influence on particular climate elements was presented in the few publications (Niedźwiedź 1978; 1993; 1996; 2000). Differences and correlation between indices in 9 regions of Poland is presented on Table 1. In this paper the author tries to use some kind of standarisation of the indices and applies them for different periods: days, months, seasons and the years. After modification the values of the indices varied between-100 to +100. The value +100 for the W index means that during all days of the month there was observed strictly western airflow, and -100- that it was only eastern flow (practically such situations are rather impossible in Central Europe). Variability of the indices (2001.January-2006. September) averaged for the whole Poland with monthly resolution is presented on the figures 1-3. Daily values were used for description of circulation differences in the whole country, based on the 9 regions. In such case the value of W index equal +100, means that in all 9 regions there was observed the western airflow, -100-that this direction was eastern. Variability of such indices from day to day was used for the characteristics of weather in Poland during the exceptional summer (June-August) of 2006 (Fig. 4-6). Extremely hot and drought conditions in July 2006 were connected with exceptional stability of the negative cyclonicity index C. Cooler conditions with large precipitation in August were caused by increased westerly circulation (positive W index) and intense cyclonal activity (positive C index).},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-34347401597,

title = {Variability of atmospheric circulation in southern Poland in the 20th century},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-34347401597&partnerID=40&md5=b41519245b66c0a35b0f33f6134681f9},

issn = {05912776},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Acta Universitatis Wratislaviensis, Studia Geograficzne},

number = {75},

pages = {230-240},

abstract = {The study presents the variability of different circulation types above southern Poland throughout the whole 20th century. For that purpose some synthesis in the materials dealing with the frequencies of 21 different circulation types has had to be made. An investigated area covers the part of Central Europe, located in the surroundings of Cracow (grid point 50°N and 20°E), with the radius ca 200 km. The study based on the mesoscale of an original calendar of circulation types has been prepared with the help of the available synoptic maps of Europe. Twenty one circulation types have been distinguished. Advection directions are marked with the capital letters, while anticyclonic situations with subscript "a" and the cyclonic ones - subscript "c"; for example, Wa and Wc denote anticyclonic and cyclonic situations, respectively, with the air advection from the West. Circulation from the West is the most important one in the circulation of the atmosphere for the investigated area. The largest intensity of the westerly flow was observed during three periods: 1901-1904, 1924-1932 and 1983-2000.},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-1542505493,

title = {Extreme precipitation events on the northern side of the Tatra Mountains},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-1542505493&partnerID=40&md5=b7fce2c3816146471598cbdc10f11141},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {76},

number = {2},

pages = {15-23},

abstract = {This article reviews the occurrence and variability of extreme precipitation on the northern slope of the Tatra Mountains (southern Poland), using rainfall amounts of duration from 1 to 30 days. Daily data from 76 years (1927-2002) are used for the Hala Ga̧sienicowa meteorological station at 1520 m a.s.l. This is the place with the heaviest rainfall in Poland. The highest daily precipitation total (300 mm) was recorded on 30 June 1973 during a northern cyclonic situation. For longer durations extreme values of precipitation were observed during different years, In July 1934 the highest 3-day total reached 422 mm, and during the 11 days between 16 to 26 July 2001 the total amount of rainfall reached 500 mm. In the last 7 years the precipitation totals and the number of extreme events are distinctly greater than in the previous part of the analysed 76 years period, although a strong influence on the results may be the data from the extreme year 2001. However, an earlier period saw extreme precipitation concentrated during the years 1959-1978. A transition to a rather wetter phase of climate has been noted since 1995. However, there is no sign for any of the elements studied of any departure that has exceeded the values typical for fluctuations of climate in the 20th century, and which could therefore be taken as indication a permanent change in the climate.},

note = {35},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0035970383,

title = {Air Temperature Fluctuations in Guadalajara, Mexico, from 1926 to 1994 in Relation to Urban Growth},

author = { R. Twardosz and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0035970383&partnerID=40&md5=4426fe99924b64e28e17af6dfbd4eae7},

issn = {08998418},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Climatology},

volume = {21},

number = {4},

pages = {283-494},

abstract = {Daily, monthly and annual mean air temperatures in Guadalajara, Mexico, were gathered from the time periods: 1926-1994, 1957-1994, 1978-1994. The heat island effect was detected in a trend analysis of the series of minimum temperatures over the period 1926-1994. Also, it was found that the annual mean temperature increased 0.05°C per year. A sharp increase has occurred over the last 20 years because of the abrupt expansion and industrialization of the city of Guadalajara. This study revealed the presence of a cool island in the centre of the metropolitan zone of Guadalajara (MZG) during the wet season. A cross-spectral analysis was used to study the thermal variations with different frequencies. Temperature oscillations in the MZG occurred in time intervals ranging from 3-5 days up to 22 years. The study suggests a relationship between urban growth and temperature variations. The temperature rise relates to urban growth with a correlation co-efficient equal to 0.857. Copyright © 2001 Royal Meteorological Society.},

note = {42},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0034458187,

title = {The dynamics to selected extreme climatic events in Poland},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0034458187&partnerID=40&md5=443fc24dc29f3c1b5c0cc47dc8843bc2},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {73},

number = {2},

pages = {25-40},

abstract = {The article presents the variability to selected extreme climatic phenomena in Poland in the second half of the 20th century. The main attention is paid to the search for exceptional values for indicators or trends that might be regarded as effects of global warming. Among the circulation indicators considered are the variability to the influx of Arctic and tropical air masses in the period 1951-1999, as well as the numbers of days with fronts. In turn, elaborated for the period 1966-1999 was the variability in absolute maxima and minima for pressure, as well as extreme values for pressure tendency, and the occurrence of very strong winds. The greatest changes were found to have occurred in the case of extremes of temperature: from 1982 onwards in the case of absolute maxima and from 1973 on in the case of absolute minima and amplitudes of temperature. These generally attest to an increase in the oceanicity of the Polish climate. In the case of extreme precipitation events, a transition to a rather wetter phase of climate has been noted since 1995. However, there is no sign of any departure for any of the elements studied that has exceeded the values typical for fluctuations of climate in the 20th century, and could therefore be taken as indicating a permanent change in the climate.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0030430974,

title = {Trends of maximum and minimum daily temperatures in Central and Southeastern Europe},

author = { R. Brázdil and M. Budíková and I. Auer and R. Böhm and T. Cegnar and P. Faško and M. Lapin and M. Gajlć-Čapka and K. Zaninović and E. Koleva and T. Niedźwiedź and Z. Ustrnul and S. Szalai and R.O. Weber},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0030430974&doi=10.1002%2f%28SICI%291097-0088%28199607%2916%3a7%3c765%3a%3aAID-JOC46%3e3.0.CO%3b2-O&partnerID=40&md5=ae07f6b27452cf0c23528aa8a7b20e48},

doi = {10.1002/(SICI)1097-0088(199607)16:7<765::AID-JOC46>3.0.CO;2-O},

issn = {08998418},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Climatology},

volume = {16},

number = {7},

pages = {765-782},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},

abstract = {Changes in maximum and minimum daily temperatures (TMAX and TMIN, respectively) in nine selected regions of central Europe and in Bulgaria during 1951-1990 are investigated. Average series for central Europe are compiled and analyzed by linear trend analysis and the kernel smoothing. The increase in the annual TMAX in central Europe was, during 1951-1990, slightly lower than that of TMIN (0-52°C and 0-60°C, respectively). This results in a small decrease in the daily temperature range (DTR) by -0-08°C. With the exception of the spring TMIN other linear trends are insignificant The observed insignificant trends in DTR in the central European region are related to small cloudiness changes. Long-term fluctuations of annual TMAX, TMIN, and DTR for eight selected series during the twentieth century are also investigated.},

note = {89},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0029519683,

title = {Multiannual variability of atmospheric circulation indices over southern Poland [Wieloletnia zmiennosc wskaznikow cyrkulacji atmosfery nad Polska poludniowa]},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0029519683&partnerID=40&md5=5b3113a2f187e2fc2e8486ed7cc13a10},

year  = {1995},

date = {1995-01-01},

journal = {Conference Papers - Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography & Spatial Organization},

volume = {22},

pages = {7-18},

abstract = {Author presents the variability of atmospheric ciruclation in Western Carpathians for the period of autumn 1873-summer 1994. For that purpose twenty one circulation types was created. There are 16 circulation types with defined directions of the air masses. The other situations are characterized either by the lack of advection or by very variable directions of the air masses incoming to southern Poland. In order to obtain the more synthetic results, the so called circulation indices have been determined: progression index (P) ie index of zonal westerly circulation, index of southerly circulation (S) and index of cyclonicity (C). -from English summary},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0028682291,

title = {Contemporary tendencies in the climatic changes of the Carpathian Mts and their foreland [Wspolczesne tendencje zmian klimatu Karpat i przedpola]},

author = { B. Obrebska-Starklowa and Z. Bednarz and T. Niedźwiedź and J. Trepinska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0028682291&partnerID=40&md5=024d40fa645832466cd61e2c845c2bd9},

year  = {1994},

date = {1994-01-01},

journal = {Conference Papers - Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography & Spatial Organization},

volume = {20},

pages = {103-115},

abstract = {The aim of present paper is the characterization of the long-term variation of the air temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration in the Polish Carpathians during the period of instrumental observations, that is for about two hundred years. To determine the tendencies in the changes of climate there were used the meteorological data representative of the altitudinal profile of these mountains. The analysis was performed on the basis of the mean annual and seasonal values for the elements mentioned above. The results were compared with the tendencies of the changes of climate in Poland (Niedzwiedz et al. 1994) and in Central Europe (Lauscher 1993, Schonwiese et al. 1994). It was confirmed that the changes of air temperature and sunshine duration are influenced by the atmospheric circulation which - periodically - depends on the intensified oceanity or continentality. -from English summary},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0028573951,

title = {Long-term variability of the potential foehns due to circulation conditions in the western Carpathians},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and Z. Ustrnul},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0028573951&partnerID=40&md5=363a3909edcdd0261e32178902a78a6d},

year  = {1994},

date = {1994-01-01},

journal = {Annalen der Meteorologie},

volume = {30},

pages = {287-290},

abstract = {The present study concerns an attempt of characterizing the long-term variability of situations with foehn winds in the Western Carpathians. The analysis was based upon determination of the daily synoptic situations over the investigated area. -Authors},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0028563302,

title = {Natural and anthropogenic fluctuations and trends of climate change in southern Poland},

author = { Z. Bednarz and T. Niedźwiedź and B. Obrebska-Starkel and Z. Olecki and J. Trepinska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0028563302&partnerID=40&md5=da2a798361380fe335cb5954f3f1eedc},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {1994},

date = {1994-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {62},

pages = {7-22},

abstract = {The changeability of circulation indices during the winter season and air temperatures fluctuations based on instrumental observations in the mountain stations are discussed, and supported by dendrochronological and actinometric studies. Local changes in radiation inflows are characteristic features of developing urbanization. -from Authors},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0026439817,

title = {Climate of the Tatra Mountains},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026439817&doi=10.2307%2f3673787&partnerID=40&md5=0f7576d92187af9c9ce918ddf37de4f6},

doi = {10.2307/3673787},

year  = {1992},

date = {1992-01-01},

journal = {Mountain Research & Development},

volume = {12},

number = {2},

pages = {131-146},

abstract = {The typical alpine landscape of the Tatra Mountains has the greatest range of climatic conditions in Central Europe and, as a result, distinct altitudinal climatic zones and corresponding vegetation belts. Results of recent research suggest that climatic changes resulted from the increasing influence of air mass advection from the Atlantic Ocean during the last twenty years. In the alpine belt, a significant decrease in mean annual temperatures was observed between 1968 and 1982 which relates to shorter periods of sunshine. Relatively wet conditions occurred from 1960 to 1980. -from Author},

note = {84},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0024784202,

title = {Bioclimate of Cracow [Bioklimat Krakowa]},

author = { M.T. Hess and T. Niedźwiedź and B. Obrebska-Starklowa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0024784202&partnerID=40&md5=66a0826c226a7351ba3963799e19f3c3},

year  = {1989},

date = {1989-01-01},

journal = {Zeszyty Naukowe - Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego, Prace Geograficzne},

volume = {73},

pages = {7-57},

abstract = {Meteorological observations in Cracow were initiated in 1792. Records of the climatological station of the Climatology Department of the Jagellonian University in the Botanical Garden allow one to provide general characteristics of the climate of Cracow. In the case of Cracow, the indices of morbidity and mortality due to illnesses of the upper air passages, circulatory system, cancer, allergies and psychiatric ones are significantly higher than respective mean values for the entire country. In conclusions, the authors state that in the Cracow agglomeration there are evident symptoms of perturbations in the natural environment. The above should be prevented by a thorough control of the housing concentration, formation of wide ventliation corridors along the axis of the Vistula valley, modernization of industry, isolation of industrial plants by true zones of biophysical protection and eliminating the transit automobile routes from the valley bottom. -from English summary},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0024773159,

title = {Bioclimatic relationships in the area of the Cracow agglomeration},

author = { M.T. Hess and T. Niedźwiedź and B. Obrebska-Starklowa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0024773159&partnerID=40&md5=c87024675a06d6e68f40b49309b3ea9b},

year  = {1989},

date = {1989-01-01},

journal = {Bochumer Geographische Arbeiten},

volume = {51},

pages = {10-47},

abstract = {Gives a background to the climate of the region by outlining the most important meteorological factors in operation: describes the multiannual course of the various climatic elements in the region, air flow dynamics, and air flow conditions and thermal structure of the lower atmospheric layer. Describes the formation of a heat island over the agglomeration, the distribution of pollutants in the atmosphere, and the impact of the urban area upon radiation conditions. Distinct mesoclimatic regions recognized and microclimates formed within the urban area are outlined. Details the impact of pollution on human health and plant growth and suggests actions necessary to improve atmospheric quality in Cracow. -N.Davey},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0024229841,

title = {Methodological investigation on the climate in mountainous areas from the point of view of the needs of the traffic [Methodische Untersuchungen uber das Klima im Gebirgsgelande unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Bedurfnisse des Strassenverkehrs]},

author = { B. Obrebska-Starklowa and M.T. Hess and T. Niedźwiedź and B. Lesniak and J. Trepinska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0024229841&partnerID=40&md5=febfa409d3533d80bd73a4ee11618951},

issn = {00845361},

year  = {1988},

date = {1988-01-01},

journal = {Zeitschrift fur Meteorologie},

volume = {38},

number = {3},

pages = {121-135},

abstract = {With reference to observational data from the period 1951 to 1970, the mesoclimatic conditions prevailing along the Krakow - Zakopane - Lysa Polana road are described and evaluated with a view to the use of the road for traffic. The representativeness and the mode of processing of the data are commented on. The results of statistical studies of frequencies (probability of the occurrence, and probability of the exceeding and undercutting of threshold values) of precipitation, wind and snow conditions and of the air temperature and moisture regime, and of some selected weather types are presented. -English summary},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0024189239,

title = {Catalogue of synoptic situations in the upper Vistula River basin, 1951-1985 [Kalendarz sytuacji synoptycznych dla dorzecza gornej Wisly (1951- 1985)]},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0024189239&partnerID=40&md5=64fb39ff3fbacd8e3e7b92760470ea9a},

year  = {1988},

date = {1988-01-01},

journal = {Zeszyty Naukowe - Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego, Prace Geograficzne},

volume = {71},

pages = {37-86},

abstract = {On the basis of synoptic maps of Europe 20 types of synoptic situations (circulation types) were distinguished taking into account the advection of air masses and the kind of the pressure pattern, these being determined similarly as in the classification by H.H.Lamb. To make the distinction easy, the universally applied letter marks were introduced to determine the direction of advection with the index a for anticyclonic patterns, and c for cyclonic situations. Weather maps representative of each synoptic type are presented and the frequency of each type given. -from English summary},

note = {17},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0024152117,

title = {Selected problems of synoptic climatology [Wybrane problemy klimatologii synoptycznej]},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0024152117&partnerID=40&md5=a1cf3ab2a015b86f0e5d9c95271f9674},

year  = {1988},

date = {1988-01-01},

journal = {Folia Geographica, Series Geographica-Physica},

volume = {20},

pages = {121-134},

abstract = {Seasonality in the course of circulation phenomena in Poland appears in predominance of western circulation between October and January, with a great advection of air from the North between April and July and the increase of anticyclonic activity between August and October. The influence of circulation factors on the values of the greater part of climatic elements is much higher in summer than in winter. Differentiation of local climate and microclimate depends also on synoptic situations. Bioclimatic conditions are important from the view-point of human health. -from English summary},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0023511141,

title = {State and results of researches in climatology in the Cracow Centre [Stan i wyniki badan z zakresu klimatologii w osrodku krakowskim]},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and B. Obrebska-Starklowa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0023511141&partnerID=40&md5=443c0bedf6542a698e9ee286c3f8fbe9},

year  = {1987},

date = {1987-01-01},

journal = {Folia Geographica, Series Geographica-Physica},

volume = {19},

pages = {33-63},

abstract = {The main problem which is developed in the Cracow Centre is the climate of mountains and uplands, begun in 1965 by M. Hess and his work Vertical Climatic Zones in the Polish Western Carpathians. This work gave inspiration to researches on relief influence on mezo- and microclimatic relations and on methodology of climatological map drawing in different scales. Researches on plant cover influence on climate were carried out too. The other problem of interest of the Cracow Centre scientists concerned influence of artifical water reservoirs on climate, researches on climate of a city - especially on urban heat island over Cracow and dispersion of air pollution and its influence on solar radiation inflow. -from English summary},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0022167103,

title = {(Wind in the Polish Carpathian mountains). [Wiatr w Karpatach Polskich.]},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and M. Orlicz and J. Orliczowa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0022167103&partnerID=40&md5=3a340e95ef120c538f143f6de91a6554},

issn = {00125032},

year  = {1985},

date = {1985-01-01},

journal = {Dokumentacja Geograficzna},

volume = {6},

abstract = {The anemological relations in the Polish Carpathians have been presented in this study based, for the first time, on the numerous records including data from 84 stations for the period of 1961- 1970. Frequency of particular wind directions, mean wind speed, frequency of calms and that of winds with speeds of more than equal to 10 m/s, more than 15 m/s and more than 20 m/s have been presented. The maximum recorded wind speeds as well as the diurnal variation of wind speed are briefly discussed. The initial data which may be used for the more detail studies are presented beside the text, in the tables. The influence of air circulation on the wind directions in the Carpathian Mts has been stated to exhibit in: 1) predomination of the zonal air flow as compared to the meridional one in the Carpathian Foreland whereby winds of the eastern quadrant predominated the western winds in April; 2) activating of winds of the western and northern quadrant in summer; 3) predomination of winds of the southern quadrant in autumn. The 10 year period accurately presents the main features of anemological relations and does not show significant differences as compared to some longer periods. -from English summary},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0021541484,

title = {A method of characterizing the thermal relations in mountainous areas / the lower Beskid range in the Polish Carpathians as example},

author = { M.T. Hess and T. Niedźwiedź and B. Obrębska-Starkelowa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0021541484&doi=10.1007%2fBF00446474&partnerID=40&md5=d34cd333cf3f06003b65b65fbe8ce938},

doi = {10.1007/BF00446474},

issn = {03432521},

year  = {1984},

date = {1984-01-01},

journal = {GeoJournal},

volume = {8},

number = {3},

pages = {251-257},

publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},

abstract = {The method discussed in the present paper permits the determination in detail of the mesoclimatic conditions on the basis of standard data provided by a network of a measurement stations. The passage from the data available at certain points and obtained from meteorological stations to spatial conceptions leads along the determination of the relationships between the altitude, various forms of the relief, and the thermal indices of climate. Resulting from these data, the duration of the frostless period is a sensitive index in the scale of mesoclimate, besides all the other indices connected with the minimum air temperatures. The nomographs applied by the authors make it possible to construct detailed climatic maps, which - with the maps of other elements of the geographical environment - form a basis for the elaboration e.g. an agrocological map of habitats. Presented method of the evaluation of climate conditions can be applied to all mountain territories, in which a network of measurement stations enables the determination of the interdependencies between the chosen thermal parameters and the altitude, and the distinction of the impact of the convex and concave forms. © 1984 D. Reidel Publishing Company.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0019749508,

title = {(Natural conditions of the Homerka catchment basin and its surroundings: climate, Bedkid Sadecki)). [Warunki naturalne zlewni Homerki i jej otoczenia: klimat.]},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0019749508&partnerID=40&md5=19b12972184dedac14b2095bbc386c4d},

issn = {00125032},

year  = {1981},

date = {1981-01-01},

journal = {Dokumentacja Geograficzna},

volume = {3},

pages = {22-42},

abstract = {The study presents temporal and areal differentiation of air temperature, precipitation and snow cover in the Kamienica Nawojowska catchment basin in the northeastern part of the Beskid Sadecki. -from English summary},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0019734431,

title = {(The climate and microclimate of the ' Gora Chelm' preserve near Zawiercie, Poland). [Klimat i mikroklimat rezerwatu 'Gora Chelm' kolo Zawiercia.]},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and B. Obrebska-Starklowa and R. Suchanek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0019734431&partnerID=40&md5=d19110e9e973e73c999f76f88ae198ec},

issn = {01372939},

year  = {1981},

date = {1981-01-01},

journal = {Studia Osrodka Dokumentacji Fizjograficznej},

volume = {8},

pages = {17-44},

abstract = {The environs of the 'Gora Chelm' nature preserve belong to those least investigated with respect to climate, for which the lack of meteorological stations in its environment is responsible. The area is classed as Section D1-Silesia-Cracow, and is characterized by the type of climate of the Polish central uplands. The mean values of the particular elements and indices of climate are given. -from English summary},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0019204281,

title = {Vertical variability of climatic conditions in the Khangai Mountains ( Mongolia).},

author = { E. Brzezniak and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0019204281&partnerID=40&md5=8b6dcb099833c2d1e0e49bffd7efb3af},

year  = {1980},

date = {1980-01-01},

journal = {Prace Geograficzne, Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania PAN},

volume = {136},

pages = {28-40},

abstract = {One of nine papers studying vertical zonality in the area by the Polish-Mongolian, Physico-Geographical Expedition. Examines circulation, winds, radiation, thermal conditions, ground temperatures and precipitation in the mountains to explain the variation of climatic belts with height. -M.Forsey},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0019144914,

title = {The value of fixed-time interval air temperature data in the evaluation of mesoclimatic conditions.},

author = { M.T. Hess and T. Niedźwiedź and B. Obrebska-Starklowa},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0019144914&partnerID=40&md5=a82078c17f2a92ee9f710e97b1b1457b},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {1980},

date = {1980-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {43},

pages = {35-48},

abstract = {It is shown that there exist highly significant correlations bewtween the monthly mean maximum temperatures and the monthly mean air temperatures at 1 p.m. On the basis of an arbitrary mean monthly value at 1 p.m. not only can the mean maximum for the same month be determined with the help of regression equations, but also siilar values for other months can be reproduced with high accuracy, and the frequency of days with typical threshold temperatures in the year can be calculated.- from Authors},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0018207328,

title = {The impact of synoptic situations on the differentiation of the mean diurnal air temperature in winter and in summer studied in the upper Vistula basin.},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0018207328&partnerID=40&md5=a21273c51237c032ba2bbfa1e0e9d412},

year  = {1978},

date = {1978-01-01},

journal = {Folia Geographica, Series Geographica-Physica},

number = {PAN Krakow, 11},

pages = {75-84},

abstract = {Winter and summer temperature contrasts in the upper Vistula Basin are studied with reference to atmospheric circulation. Synoptic maps for 1966 and 1975 are classified according to weather types over south Poland. This classification comprises sixteen directional and four pressure pattern weather types. Regression equations relating temperatures for each weather type with altitude and mean seasonal temperature are discussed. -J. A. Kington},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0018052674,

title = {The changes of the atmospheric circulation indices over the Polish West Carpathians during the last 27 years ( Nowy Sacz).},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0018052674&partnerID=40&md5=e1c4cc8959753c493e1208ff50459a30},

year  = {1978},

date = {1978-01-01},

journal = {Schweizerische Meteorologische Zentralanstalt, Veroffentlichung},

volume = {40},

pages = {19-22},

abstract = {Monthly values are given of circulation indices of: progression - P, meridionality - M, southern circulation - S, and cyclonicity - C over the Polish West Carpathians. Great changeability of those indices is stated over 1951-1977. On the basis of data from the meteorological station of Nowy Sacz, influence of these indices was examined on temperature and precipitation in January and July. - from STAR, 17(17), 1979},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0018049310,

title = {(Characterizing thermal conditions in mountainous regions from the standpoint of requirments for cultivated plant growth). [Zur Charakteristik der thermischen Verhaltnisse den Berggebieten vom Standpunkt der Vegetationsbedurfnisse der Kulturpflanzen.]},

author = { M.T. Hess and T. Niedźwiedź and B. Brebska-Starkel},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0018049310&partnerID=40&md5=a5c984b50001a9d4739c9c0041e8da48},

year  = {1978},

date = {1978-01-01},

journal = {Schweizerische Meteorologische Zentralanstalt, Veroffentlichung},

volume = {40},

pages = {108-112},

abstract = {Use was made of the daily data concerning air tempertures recorded in the period from 1951 to 1970 by 15 stations situated in the Lower Beskid range. The probability of the occurrence of extreme air temperatures are discussed, and those values which set limits to the growing of agricultural plants were considered. - from STAR, 17(17), 1979},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}