@article{2-s2.0-85172910493,

title = {How has the landscape changed? Landscape transformation analysis of Ogrodzieniec-Podzamcze (POLAND) using landgraphy and landscape stratigraphy methods},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek and A. Żemła-Siesicka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85172910493&doi=10.3098%2fLO.2023.1110&partnerID=40&md5=71e9cd1c8754347ae6d3ab815590da82},

doi = {10.3098/LO.2023.1110},

issn = {18651542},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Landscape Online},

volume = {98},

publisher = {International Association for Landscape Ecology Chapter Germany},

abstract = {This article presents a combination of landscape biography and stratigraphy as a method for the visualisation of historical landscape change. The main goal was to analyse the evolution of the cultural landscape of part of the Ogrodzieniec municipality – Podzamcze (Częstochowa Upland; Poland). The evolution of the landscape was reconstructed based on cartographic materials (topographic maps from the last 200 years) and scholarly literature. The results show the dominance of the agricultural landscape in all studied periods. The forest and settlement landscapes expanded significantly within the studied period. The fortified landscape is clearly visible as a core running through all the years. The results indicate changes of an evolutionary type and heterogenous (genetically), heterotonic (in terms of land cover) form. The method can be used in well-documented areas to visualise the past and contemporary landscapes and to forecast future ones, so it can be useful in landscape planning. © 2023 The Authors. Published in Landscape Online – www.Landscape-Online.org},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85133338298,

title = {Do national parks protect natural landscapes?},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek and M. Sobala and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85133338298&doi=10.1016%2fj.jnc.2022.126229&partnerID=40&md5=3e3404d11848f147f6de9e559bf27072},

doi = {10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126229},

issn = {16171381},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Journal for Nature Conservation},

volume = {68},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {Establishing national parks should result from a desire to protect natural or near natural landscapes with the lowest degree of anthropogenic transformation. This paper tries to ascertain whether national parks in Poland protect the most natural landscapes and how far they have been affected by humans. The level of anthropogenic transformation of natural landscapes was assessed based on an analysis of the percentage of natural, semi-natural and anthropogenic land cover. The vast majority of national parks in Poland (21 out of 23) protect landscapes which have been minimally transformed by humans (RATTNP ranges from 1.01 to 1.16). Only two kinds of natural landscapes, those that are the most transformed by humans, are not represented within the set of the Polish national parks. Hence, the distribution of national parks reflects the degree of anthropogenic landscape transformation. The proposed method could be applied to any type of spatial unit and thus be the basis for designating areas that should be protected. © 2022 The Author(s)},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85121655212,

title = {The assessment of hydrogeosites in the Fann mountains, Tajikistan as a basis for sustainable tourism},

author = { K. Pukowiec-Kurda and O. Rahmonov and M. Sobala and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85121655212&doi=10.3390%2fresources10120126&partnerID=40&md5=1dd206fa24b4143c18511d4ac42eb209},

doi = {10.3390/resources10120126},

issn = {20799276},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Resources},

volume = {10},

number = {12},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Despite the fact that the Fann Mountains are among the most popular tourist destinations in Tajikistan, they are still in the first stage of tourism development. This represents a great opportunity for the implementation of the principles of sustainable tourism, which will avoid the mistakes associated with the uncontrolled tourism development currently observed in other mountain areas of the world. The aim of this article is to demonstrate, using the example of the Fann Mountains, how hydrogeosites in mountain areas can be valorised for the needs of cognitive tourism. The valorisation methods used in previous research to this point have focused on the evaluation of the objects themselves. This study additionally takes into account features of the surroundings of hydrogeostations, such as the visibility range, the vertical development of the view, and the diversity of the landscape. The conducted value assessments of the sites and their surroundings show that in both internal and external assessments the highest values were achieved by lakes and wetlands. This means that the evaluation of the surroundings has a strong influence on the results obtained and the choice of hydrogeotourism attractions. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85107953212,

title = {A landscape persistence assessment of częstochowa upland: A case study of ogrodzieniec, poland},

author = { A. Żemła-Siesicka and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107953212&doi=10.3390%2fsu13116408&partnerID=40&md5=8ce65c9e77628404652c633712eba495},

doi = {10.3390/su13116408},

issn = {20711050},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Sustainability (Switzerland)},

volume = {13},

number = {11},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Landscape permanence is understood as the temporal extent of the dominance of a given type of landscape, expressed by the temporal continuity of its use. This issue, already being the subject of much research, is important in proper landscape protection and management. In this paper, spatial landscape persistence and persistence of particular landscape types are presented for the Ogrodzieniec municipality, Częstochowa Upland, Poland. In addition, a background of landscape types and their changes in the Częstochowa Upland has been presented. Based on current and historical topographic maps, landscape types (forest; agriculture; settlement; fortified and industrial) were identified for the following studied periods: 1831, 1944, 1965, 2007, 2014 and 2020. After overlapping the maps, the persistence index was calculated, and isochrones of landscape persistence were determined. The term ‘landscape isochrones’ introduced in this paper is defined as theoretical lines of equal landscape time duration (iso‐persistence line). The results show that the landscape of Ogrodzieniec can be considered to be persistent. The largest area of the municipality is occupied by the most permanent landscapes dating from before 1831. The most persistent is the fortified landscape. The method applied is important for planning sustainable development of the region, which is currently under intense tourist and economic pressure. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85099830120,

title = {Is there urban landscape in metropolitan areas? An unobvious answer based on corine land cover analyses},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek and A. Żemła-Siesicka and K. Pukowiec-Kurda and M. Sobala and J. Nita},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099830120&doi=10.3390%2fland10010051&partnerID=40&md5=18b635154e7057708de9084d32995b7d},

doi = {10.3390/land10010051},

issn = {2073445X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Land},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {1-20},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {The recent increase in urban areas has stimulated landscape urbanization. One of the ways to study this process is an analysis based on the structure of land cover. The aim of this paper is to assess the intensity of the urban landscape on the basis of the CORINE in the seven largest metropolitan areas in Poland and in the Ruhr Metropolis in Germany. To this end, an urban landscape intensity indicator (ULII) was used based on Corine Land Cover at three levels of detail: the metropolitan area, municipalities and hexagons. There are similarities in landscape structure in areas with similar origin (industrial function) and spatial organization (mono-and polycentric agglomerations). The landscape of the Upper Silesia-Zagłębie Metropolis differs from the landscape of other metropolitan areas in Poland and simultaneously shows similarities to the landscape of the Ruhr Metropolis. The results of the ULII also revealed a dependency: the dominance of rural and transitional landscapes in a majority of the study areas. Urban landscapes occur only in the central zones of the metropolitan areas. This proves that determining the range of a metropolitan area in terms of landscape factors is different from doing it with formal or legal ones. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85096052826,

title = {Assessment of changes in a viewshed in the Western carpathians landscape as a result of reforestation},

author = { M. Sobala and U. Myga-Piątek and B. Szypuła},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85096052826&doi=10.3390%2fland9110430&partnerID=40&md5=1c6da6825de379ecd3f3aed6fe2960bd},

doi = {10.3390/land9110430},

issn = {2073445X},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Land},

volume = {9},

number = {11},

pages = {1-17},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {A viewshed analysis is of great importance in mountainous areas characterized by high landscape values. The aim of this research was to determine the impact of reforestation occurring on former pasturelands on changes in the viewshed, and to quantify changes in the surface of glades. We combine a horizontal and a vertical approach to landscape analysis. The changes in non-forest areas and the viewshed from viewpoints located in glades were calculated using historical cartographic materials and a more recent Digital Elevation Model and Digital Surface Model. An analysis was conducted using a Visibility tool in ArcGIS. The non-forest areas decreased in the period 1848–2015. The viewshed in the majority of viewpoints also decreased in the period 1848–2015. In the majority of cases, the maximal viewsheds were calculated in 1879/1885 and 1933 (43.8% of the analyzed cases), whereas the minimal ones were calculated in 2015 (almost 57.5% of analyzed cases). Changes in the viewshed range from 0.2 to 23.5 km2 with half the cases analyzed being no more than 1.4 km2 . The results indicate that forest succession on abandoned glades does not always cause a decline in the viewshed. Deforestation in neighboring areas may be another factor that has an influence on the decline. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85090216398,

title = {Does the altitude of habitat influence residents' attitudes to guests? A new dimension in the residents’ attitudes to tourism},

author = { M. Apollo and V. Andreychouk and P. Moolio and Y. Wengel and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090216398&doi=10.1016%2fj.jort.2020.100312&partnerID=40&md5=042c7c4b23817f59021b4e1254a53e08},

doi = {10.1016/j.jort.2020.100312},

issn = {22130780},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism},

volume = {31},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Host-guest interactions have been widely examined in the literature, and the residents' attitudes have been the object of many studies that focus on identifying factors influencing such behaviour. However, no previous research has examined if the attitudes of residents change with increasing altitude of habitation. The present study examined the residents' attitudes to tourism in relation to the altitude of their habitat in the Bhurungdi Valley, Nepal. Being a part of the Annapurna Conservation Area, this Valley is a popular destination among tourists engaging in high-altitude hiking, trekking, and mountain climbing. In total, 83% of households (N = 101) residing in Ulleri (2;080 m), Nangethanti (2;450 m), and Ghorapani (2;870 m) participated in this research. Based on linear regression analysis, the findings suggest that residents have a greater appreciation of tourism activity and are more reciprocal as the altitude of their habitat increases. The study argues that the previously neglected aspect/variable ‘altitude’ can bring new insights and help to better manage vulnerable destinations in a sustainable manner. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85092169578,

title = {Spatial diversity of tourist facilities in the silesian beskid mountains in Poland},

author = { A. Żemła-Siesicka and V. Andreychouk and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85092169578&doi=10.7163%2fGPol.0180&partnerID=40&md5=1009e3a19330886008fd6d77e78a2c24},

doi = {10.7163/GPol.0180},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {93},

number = {3},

pages = {397-419},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {This article proposes a method of the assessment of distribution of tourist facilities. The main aim of presented study is to assess a spatial density of tourist elements. The evaluation of the distribution of tourist facilities in the landscape allows to indicate overloaded areas. The second purpose is the proposition of an indicator measuring the landscape saturation of tourist facilities, i.e. density index developed by the authors. The index, referred to river basin, is based on the ratio of the area of the tourist facilities to the total area of the unit. For the purposes of calculation, the authors developed a framework for the classification of tourist facilities based on its spatial character. The method was examined in the Silesian Beskid mountain range and can be applied in similar mountain areas. © Anna Żemła-Siesicka et al. and Geographia Polonica and Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85065177500,

title = {The landscape profile method as a new tool for sustainable urban planning},

author = { K. Pukowiec-Kurda and U. Myga-Piątek and O. Rahmonov},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85065177500&doi=10.1080%2f09640568.2019.1571329&partnerID=40&md5=6d3f00c3913b56edd29e238bb456ac35},

doi = {10.1080/09640568.2019.1571329},

issn = {09640568},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Environmental Planning and Management},

volume = {62},

number = {14},

pages = {2548-2566},

publisher = {Routledge},

abstract = {Work on landscape diversification resulting from the European Landscape Convention obliges European countries to identify and assess the state of their landscapes. The aim of this article is to test a new method of landscape profiling, enabling measurement of the extent of anthropogenic transformation of a landscape and indication of zones of landscape disturbance. The method is based on an interdisciplinary analysis of various aspects of the landscape, consisting of an assessment of the degree of overlap between natural and non-natural boundaries. Three types of relationships were identified: landscape convergence (LC), landscape divergence (LD), and zone of landscape disturbance (ZLD). This analysis makes it easier for urban planners to change their existing land development plans. The method can be used universally to detect inappropriate land development, which is important in diagnosing the condition of landscapes and can be used in the spatial planning of cities and suburban zones. © 2019, © 2019 Newcastle University.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85049564626,

title = {Physico-geographical mesoregions of poland: Verification and adjustment of boundaries on the basis of contemporary spatial data},

author = { J. Solon and J. Borzyszkowski and M. Bidłasik and A. Richling and K. Badora and J. Balon and T. Brzezińska-Wójcik and Ł. Chabudziński and R. Dobrowolski and I. Grzegorczyk and M. Jodłowski and M. Kistowski and R. Kot and P. Krąż and J. Lechnio and A. Macias and A. Majchrowska and E. Malinowska and P. Migoń and U. Myga-Piątek and J. Nita and E. Papińska and J. Rodzik and M. Strzyż and S. Terpiłowski and W. Ziaja},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049564626&doi=10.7163%2fGPol.0115&partnerID=40&md5=6724601ca83c0320c880a3bca33f0c31},

doi = {10.7163/GPol.0115},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {91},

number = {2},

pages = {143-170},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {The programme of identification, cataloguing and evaluation of Polish landscapes, part of the implementation of the European Landscape Convention, has caused an increase in interest in physico-geographical regionalisation over recent years. The commonly accepted regionalisation of Poland developed by J. Kondracki (Kondracki Richling 1994) is sufficient for work at an overview scale (e.g. 1:500;000), whereas its spatial accuracy is too low to make use of it for the purpose of Polish landscape cataloguing. The aim of this article is to present a more up-to-date and detailed division of Poland into mesoregions, adjusted to the 1:50,000 scale. In comparison with older work, the number of mesoregions has increased from 316 to 344. In many cases, some far-reaching changes in meso- and macroregions were made. Nevertheless, in most cases the previous system of units was maintained, with more detailed adjustment of boundaries based on the latest geological and geomorphological data and the use of GIS tools for the DEM analysis. The division presented here is a creatively developing new work aligning the proposals of the majority of Polish researchers. At the same time, it is a regionalisation maintaining the idea of the work developed by J. Kondracki as well as his theoretical assumptions and the criteria used to distinguish units, which makes it a logical continuation of his regional division. © Jerzy Solon et al. Geographia Polonica Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw 2018. © 2018, Polska Akademia Nauk. All Rights Reserved.},

note = {183},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85049498924,

title = {Winery regions as the oldest cultural landscapes: Remnants, signs, and metamorphoses},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek and O. Rahmonov},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049498924&doi=10.2478%2fmgrsd-2018-0009&partnerID=40&md5=b04c15332634b3fe0e67300729e9106f},

doi = {10.2478/mgrsd-2018-0009},

issn = {08676046},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Miscellanea Geographica},

volume = {22},

number = {2},

pages = {69-80},

publisher = {Sciendo},

abstract = {Considering the general typology of landscapes, winery landscapes are a subtype of agricultural landscapes. A winery landscape is an area in which the dominant land use or indigenous vegetation consists of extensive grapevine crops, that is, vineyards and/or areas covered by wild grapevines; where a specific wine culture has evolved, or grapes constitute an important part of the local diet. In this paper, winery landscapes are studied at two levels: typological (as a repeatable; specific type of area with precisely defined characteristic features), and regional (regional areas that are unique and individual). The authors analyze the evolution of winery landscapes over time and describe their natural and historical aspects. A wide range of factors were taken into consideration: historical and political, socio-economic, cultural and religious influences, as well as the natural environmental background. This paper aims to describe the evolution of winery landscapes in Europe and beyond by considering the Mediterranean Basin, Asia Minor, Transcaucasia, and Central Asia. © 2018 University of Warsaw - Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85039743059,

title = {Historical and contemporary forest ecosystem changes in the Beskid mountains (Southern Poland) between 1848 and 2014},

author = { M. Sobala and O. Rahmonov and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85039743059&doi=10.3832%2fifor2418-010&partnerID=40&md5=a5ba0ce7c7e3b66b30a004e6186af3b9},

doi = {10.3832/ifor2418-010},

issn = {19717458},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {IForest},

volume = {10},

number = {6},

pages = {939-947},

publisher = {SISEF - Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology},

abstract = {Landscape changes in the Carpathians are related to centuries of human activity, which can be regarded as the key component of global change. Changes in mountainous regions are mainly caused by agriculture, urbanization, forest cutting for production and land abandonment. This paper aimed to assess the impact of natural and historical-cultural factors on forest ecosystem transformations occurred in the period 1848-2014 in two small areas (about 45 km2) on the Beskid Mountains (southern Poland). The comparison of historical and current maps, along with the application of GIS and field verification, allowed a full interpretation of changes in land use in the studied areas. A decrease of 58.0% in non-forest areas was observed in the considered period, while the forested area grew systematically by 28.3% and the forest-field boundary lowered in altitude. Current forest ecosystems are distributed as a mosaic and mainly consist of Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum, Luzulo nemorosae-Fagetum, Abieti-Piceetum montanum, with logged sites taking up large areas. Forest ecosystems include valuable semi-natural meadows such as Gladiolo-Agrostietum, Hieracio-Nardetum, Arrhenatheretum medioeuropaeum, Cirsietum rivularis or Juncetum effusi, whose extension is reducing and fragmentation increasing due to the recolonization of forest tree species after abandonment. We concluded that trends in land use in the Carpathians were mainly determined by non-environmental factors related to the development of farming-pasturing and forest management. The applied approach could be extended to other regions in the Carpathians which were subject to analogous historical cultural influences. Moreover, our results allow for a comparison with other regions which are subject to similar impacts of natural processes, but to different impact of historical and cultural processes. © SISEF.},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85018524263,

title = {The human impact on the transformation of juniper forest landscape in the western part of the Pamir-Alay range (Tajikistan)},

author = { O. Rahmonov and T. Szczypek and T. Niedźwiedź and U. Myga-Piątek and M. Rahmonov and V.A. Snytko},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85018524263&doi=10.1007%2fs12665-017-6643-4&partnerID=40&md5=499ba0452cb9af79f623030d39cef0d5},

doi = {10.1007/s12665-017-6643-4},

issn = {18666280},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Earth Sciences},

volume = {76},

number = {8},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {Detailed analyses were conducted of human impact on juniper forest landscapes occurring within the Zarafshan Range (Pamir-Alay). Juniperus seravschanica and J. semiglobosa belong to forest-forming species in Central Asia. At present, juniper forests all over Tajikistan are seriously threatened as a result of excessive logging and cattle grazing. The aim of this paper is to present juniper forest transformation as a result of human activities as well as the diversity of soil properties in the organic and humus horizons in the altitudinal system of soil zonation. Three groups of phytocoenoses were distinguished: those with a dominant share of Juniperus seravschanica; those with a dominant share of J. semiglobosa; and mixed. Associations with Juniperus seravschanica and J. semiglobosa feature several variants of phytocoenoses with dominant species: Artemisia lehmanniana, A. dracunculus, Eremurus olgae, Festuca sulcata, Ligularia thomsonii, Stipa turkestanica, Thymus seravschanicus, and Ziziphora pamiroalaica. The collected soil samples differ in their granulometric composition. Gravelly cobble fractions >2 mm are dominant; the share of sandy particles <2 mm is much lower (about 10–20%). Fraction 0.5–0.05 attains 35% on average. The Corg content of the soil varied from 0.26 to 11.40% in the humus horizon (A) and from 4.3 to 25% in the organic (O). Similar relationships were reported in the case of Ntot concentration. A clear relationship can be observed between concentrations of Corg and Ntot. Soil pH varied, ranging from very low acidic (pH 5.5) to neutral (pH 8.5). The content of available P varied; high concentrations were noted in organic (O) (40.46–211 mg kg−1) and mixed horizons (OA) (2.61–119 mg kg−1). Maximum accumulations of Pavail (1739.6 mg kg−1) and Ptot (9696 mg kg−1) were observed at a site heavily affected by intense grazing. Concentrations of Mgavail varied from 116 to 964 mg kg−1. Most of the analysed soil profiles lacked an organic horizon; only thin humus occurred. © 2017, The Author(s).},

note = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85039551454,

title = {Ecological and cultural importance of juniper ecosystem in the area of zeravshan valley (tajikistan) on the background of environmental condition and anthropogenic hazards},

author = { O. Rahmonov and M. Rahmonov and M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85039551454&doi=10.7163%2fGPol.0110&partnerID=40&md5=8289da99ec83dae9611d00fd4d1b5999},

doi = {10.7163/GPol.0110},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {90},

number = {4},

pages = {441-461},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {The study analyses physiogeographical factors of the Zeravshan Range as a basis for environmental and habitat diversity. They provided the background for considering conditions for the functioning of juniper forest ecosystems. The uniqueness of these ecosystems also relies on the longevity of Juniperus seravschanica Kom., J. semiglobosa Regel and J. turkestanica Kom. Physiognomic features of the landscape are conditioned by the habitat, climate, landforms, and recently also by anthropopressure. The ecological, environmental and the cultural importance of juniper trees makes them a distinctive and determinant feature of the landscape. Currently juniper forests across Tajikistan, including those in the Zeravshan Mts., have been significantly disrupted as a result of chaotic, uncontrolled and excessive felling. The purpose of this article is to present natural conditions of juniper forest ecosystems, the impact of anthropogenic changes on their functioning as well as the occurrence of endemic species within them. The cultural importance of juniper in the protection of the surrounding landscape was also analysed. © Oimahmad Rahmonov Małgorzata Rahmonov Magdalena Opała-Owczarek Piotr Owczarek Tadeusz Niedźwiedź Urszula Myga-Piątek and Geographia Polonica and Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw 2017.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84992612606,

title = {The Optimization of Rural Landscape in the Light of the Idea of Sustainable Development-The Example of Poland},

author = { M. Sobala and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84992612606&doi=10.1515%2fquageo-2016-0027&partnerID=40&md5=503831af2f1eb53d3a3a1ee80f64edd9},

doi = {10.1515/quageo-2016-0027},

issn = {0137477X},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Quaestiones Geographicae},

volume = {35},

number = {3},

pages = {61-73},

publisher = {Adam Mickiewicz University Press},

abstract = {Contemporary rural landscapes in Poland are being changed intensively and adversely. These changes lead to landscape disharmony, spatial disorder, the blurring of individual and specific features and disruption to the ecological equilibrium. This article aims to present general rules for the optimization of rural landscapes. It discusses the causes and consequences of unfavourable changes within Poland's rural landscapes which constitute a threat to their sustainable development. The authors attempt to identify the major factors to be considered in taking steps aimed at landscape optimization. Landscape equilibrium may be assessed through the sustainable development dimensions: ethical, ecological, social, economic, technical, political and legal. Landscape optimization consists in maintaining the balance within these dimensions. © 2016 Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84976300012,

title = {Investigating openness of the cultural landscape: A methodological proposal},

author = { J. Plit and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84976300012&doi=10.7163%2fGPol.0050&partnerID=40&md5=3c72ee40ed322b59902512dc18c25cdc},

doi = {10.7163/GPol.0050},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {89},

number = {2},

pages = {129-140},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {Openness and closure, understood as a physiognomic property of landscape, characterises the possibility of observing far out horizons and broad vistas. The degree of openness of landscape can be treated as a synthetic indicator of the evolution of the natural-cultural environment. A change in the degree of openness / closure of landscape is a lengthy historical-cultural process, lasting hundreds or even thousands of years. It has different course and dynamics in various climatic and vegetation zones. The purpose of the present article is to propose and describe a method of assessment and interpretation of the degree of actual openness of the cultural landscape and to discuss the results obtained, and of comparing the methodology proposed with analogous European elaborates. The average percentage of openness of landscape was assessed according to five classes. The source base for the study was constituted by the satellite images, Corine Land Cover maps, made legible through comparison with the land use maps presenting the state as of the turn of the 21st century. The method here proposed allows for the assessment of the continuous variability of landscapes, expressing the gradient from open to closed landscapes. © Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences • Warsaw • 2016.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84946564415,

title = {Typology of poland’s current landscapes [Typologia aktualnych krajobrazów Polski]},

author = { T.J. Chmielewski and U. Myga-Piątek and J. Solon},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84946564415&doi=10.7163%2fPrzG.2015.3.0&partnerID=40&md5=7f717b63600f94f85b3cd2dfffbd0dcd},

doi = {10.7163/PrzG.2015.3.0},

issn = {00332143},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geograficzny},

volume = {87},

number = {3},

pages = {377-408},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {This article sets out a proposal for a new typology of the landscapes identifiable in Poland contemporarily. The”current” situation relevant to the work is considered to relate to a period lasting no longer than the last 10 years. The authors undertook the work in the light of numerous academic discussions accompanying the preparation of a Poland-wide project on”The identification and evaluation of landscapes – methodology and main assumptions”. The work thus represented a methodological prelude to the anticipated draft version of the Act amending certain Acts in connection with the Strengthening of the Landscape Protection Instrument, which was adopted on April 24th 2015 (the Dziennik Ustaw Official Journal of Laws of 2015; item 774). Arising out of this is an obligation that landscape audits be drawn up at the level of the voivodship (province-region). The article first reviews approaches taken hitherto where the classification of landscapes is concerned. It also seeks to bring some order to the terminological chaos holding away in the literature, and to present a better-developed typology of contemporary landscapes against that background. The proposed classification is based around two main groups of criteria. The first group relates to a scale of anthropogenic transformation of the landscape. It entails structural and process-related (functional) criteria which serve to order landscapes along a gradient of the progressive replacement of natural forms and processes shaping the landscape by anthropogenic forms and processes. The application of this approach led to the identification of landscape groups A,B and C, where: Group A comprises natural landscapes of which cultural use is made, though functioning mainly as a reflection of natural process, only to some (varying) extent modified by human activity; Group B comprises natural/cultural landscapes shaped through the joint action of natural processes and conscious modification of land cover and spatial structure by human beings; Group C comprises cultural landscapes in which the structure and functions are fully shaped by human activity. The second typological level entailed criteria relating to the dominance of defined forms of cover, as well as the structure and intensity of land management. A basis for the identification or types and sub-types of contemporary landscape was provided in this way, with the attendant reconnaissance of the current diversity of landscapes in Poland allowing for the identification of the aforesaid 3 groups, as well as 15 types and 49 subtypes of currently-existing landscape. Using numerous quantitative criteria, including through the defining and application of the criterion of the landscape matrix (in relation to landscapes shaped anthropogenically; in the case of groups B and C), the presented typology of current landscapes is far more formalised and objectivised than its predecessors. © 2015 Polska Akademia Nauk. All rights reserved.},

note = {27},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84928949037,

title = {Landscape policy of Poland – The initial stage of implementation [Polityka krajobrazowa Polski – u progu wdrozen]},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek and J. Nita},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84928949037&doi=10.7163%2fPrzG.2015.1.1&partnerID=40&md5=473af55149cad29f9235b6381b4e4934},

doi = {10.7163/PrzG.2015.1.1},

issn = {00332143},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geograficzny},

volume = {87},

number = {1},

pages = {5-25},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {8},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84907819053,

title = {The degree of landscape openness as a manifestation of cultural metamorphose},

author = { J. Plit and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84907819053&doi=10.2478%2fquageo-2014-0036&partnerID=40&md5=70732511689288cbf961a75f1c514c52},

doi = {10.2478/quageo-2014-0036},

issn = {0137477X},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Quaestiones Geographicae},

volume = {33},

number = {3},

pages = {145-154},

publisher = {Adam Mickiewicz University Press},

abstract = {The issues of aesthetic assessment of landscapes has now become important due to the need of rational and balanced cultural landscape management and the implementation of the provisions of the European Landscape Convention. The aim of this article is to show the methodology of the assessment and interpretation of the degree of the current openness of the cultural landscape of Poland as an effect of a historical process. The chronological analysis made it possible to single out stages of opening/enclosing of the landscapes of Poland with reference to crucial natural, historical and cultural factors. The degree of landscape openness may be treated as a synthetic indicator of the natural and cultural environment evolution. When a landscape type is viewed as a result of natural and anthropogenic processes, the analysis of proportions between the surface of natural and cultural elements becomes of prime importance. In the historical times, the process of landscape enclosing was not unidirectional. Four stages of transformation of cultural landscapes in Poland have been distinguished. These stages are characterized by differences of the landscape openness. It can be interpreted as the result of cultural metamorphosis. © Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University 2014.},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84897438657,

title = {Scenic values of the katowice-czestochowa section of national road no. 1},

author = { J. Nita and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84897438657&doi=10.7163%2fGPol.2014.7&partnerID=40&md5=9425d3ce8fcd6613a97fdf9ecd97a9b6},

doi = {10.7163/GPol.2014.7},

issn = {00167282},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Geographia Polonica},

volume = {87},

number = {1},

pages = {113-125},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {The road investment stage is always preceded with projects, which relate to multifaceted economic, environmental and spatial analyses. The visual values of the surroundings are usually neglected when designing and building motorways and express roads The authors believe that the increasingly large-space range of motorway construction requires that more attention be paid to the landscape context of such investments. Functioning of all objects of the accompanying infrastructure of the transportation system affect the way the space is organized. The aim of the article is to assess, in detail, the scenic values of a selected section of the Pan-European Transport Road Corridor - National Road No. 1, in the Silesian Voivodship. The Pan-European Transport Road Corridor runs through Poland from south to north. © Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-79951638440,

title = {The concept of sustainable development in tourism [Koncepcja zrównoważonego rozwoju w turystyce]},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79951638440&partnerID=40&md5=43830e16770a66f274f678c226cab6cb},

issn = {18956912},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Problemy Ekorozwoju},

volume = {6},

number = {1},

pages = {145-154},

abstract = {It is commonly accepted that that landscape management for tourist purposes, according to the idea of sustainable development, is one of the basic priorities of spatial management policy in countries of the European Union. The idea is well established in regulations provided by a number of European documents. These documents emphasize the need for strengthening the regional identity and maintaining the natural and cultural diversity. The leading thesis of the article is the assumption that the tourist industry is one of the main modern sources of human influence on the landscape. This influence mostly brings negative effects like disturbances in the structure and diversity of the landscape, spatial coherence of naturally valuable regions (landscape fragmentation), stability of flow of matter and energy in the landscape, landscape resources, as well as deterioration of social usability and quality of the landscape, unification and decrease in the aesthetic value of the landscape. The article presents basic indicators of the influence of tourism on natural environment, which are natural absorption and tourist capacity. It attempts to evaluate implementation of rules of sustainable development in the tourist industry.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84859365811,

title = {Cultural landscape of the 21st century: Geographical consideration between theory and practice [Kulturni pejzaž 21. stoljeća: Geografska razmatranja između teorije i prakse]},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84859365811&doi=10.21861%2fhgg.2011.73.02.09&partnerID=40&md5=f6625ef3efca550bf77fd15faa5f2c1a},

doi = {10.21861/hgg.2011.73.02.09},

issn = {13315854},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Hrvatski Geografski Glasnik},

volume = {73},

number = {2},

pages = {129-140},

publisher = {Croatian Geographical Society},

abstract = {The simplest definition of landscape describes it as the physiognomy of the geographical environment. The notion cultural landscape refers to landscape that has been transformed by Man as the result of civilizational development. Cultural landscapes are extremely dynamic and ephemeral systems. Currently, we are witnessing dramatic transformation of the landscape. The processes of consumption and globalization of the landscape are happening on a mass scale in the 21st century. Many of the factors that cause these rapid changes are within the scope of interest of geography; these include analyses of the impact on the environment of mass tourism, transport, fragmentation of the space resulting from growing areas of settlements and service sites, restructuring of industry, etc. The issues discussed in the paper include: factors of landscape transformation, diversification of European landscapes in selected regions and assessment of their condition, analysis of contemporary threats to the quality of European landscapes and directions of their transformation.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-79951471254,

title = {Transformation of cultural landscapes in the light of the idea of sustainable development [Przemiany krajobrazów kulturowych w świetle idei zrównowazonego rozwoju]},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79951471254&partnerID=40&md5=601c99489dd20e911ebaa7ac2a30ffe8},

issn = {18956912},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Problemy Ekorozwoju},

volume = {5},

number = {1},

pages = {95-108},

abstract = {The article is dedicated to the analysis of evolution of cultural landscapes and their present-day threats. It discusses the factors and stages of transformation of cultural landscapes in relation to natural cycles of changes in the geographical environment in the Holocene. The cultural landscape is dealt with in a comprehensive way as the matrix of human activities and a peculiar palimpsest - the source of meanings and symbols. At the same time, landscape concentrates and reflects human attitudes towards the world. Since the contemporary, aware attitude of the man towards the environment is reflected in environmental ethics, it should also find its expression in sustainable development of landscape. This is why, in the times of ongoing consumption of space, the author points out that the actions related to sustainable development need to be extended onto the physiognomy of the environment or the cultural landscape. These issues concern not only the need for mechanisms and tools for efficient protection, but first of all appropriate designing, management of landscape and, more and more often, social participation. The article also refers to the modern landscape policy, which was included in the European Landscape Convention.},

note = {20},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-67149084613,

title = {Komisja krajobrazu kulturowego polskiego towarzystwa geograficznego},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-67149084613&partnerID=40&md5=982fa3578b986cc2ef074bff4a2cd93f},

issn = {00459453},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Czasopismo Geograficzne},

volume = {79},

number = {1-2},

pages = {208-213},

publisher = {Polish Geographical Society},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33645640477,

title = {Landscape directions in management of post-mining areas [Krajobrazowe kierunki zagospodarowania terenów pogórniczych]},

author = { J. Nita and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33645640477&partnerID=40&md5=6ed794e805bbbbc45befa1768b953ea7},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {54},

number = {3},

pages = {256-262},

abstract = {The article presents the role post-mining objects and forms play in the diversity of Polish landscape. More and more often, post-mining areas, heavily transformed by human economic activities, are no longer a danger for the environment, but enhance the monotonous urban-industrial landscape of a particular region and are its identifying value instead. We would like to point to some of the problems that result from legal barriers regarding the concept of more diversified management of post-mining areas as substantial forms of our landscape. We will emphasize the need for geologists' and geomorphologists' participation in the process of complex shaping of the natural environment in reclamation actions regarding post-mining areas. The current rate of transformation of the environment and changes in spatial management is faster than ever; geologists should therefore actively participate in solving many problems related to shaping and protection of the environment. One of such issues is utilization of exploitation hollows and mining heaps remaining after mineral exploitation as an important cultural and scenic element for regional distinctness in the uniting Europe. This is so because it is important to participate not only in the process of searching for and exploiting Earth's resources, but also in dealing with negative consequences of such activities, including shaping the surrounding of these objects. Thus, we should break the stereotypes, regarding narrow specialization of people dealing with only mineral exploitation, spatial planning or nature protection, and suggest the need of joint, interdisciplinary projects, also in the field of shaping the landscape of post-mining areas.},

note = {10},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-29844442705,

title = {An example of the application of computer technologies in the valuation and protection of landscapes of the Czestochowa Upland [Przykład zastosowania technik komputerowych do waloryzacji i ochrony krajobrazów Wyżyny Czestochowskiej]},

author = { J. Nita and U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-29844442705&partnerID=40&md5=59b90e72ada732dc1ae355e7c6f4a766},

issn = {00332143},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geograficzny},

volume = {77},

number = {3},

pages = {325-341},

abstract = {The landscape, in its physical meaning, is created by a combination of abiotic elements of the natural environment (underlying rocks; surface features; soils; the hydrographic network; specific climatic conditions) and biotic ones (vegetation cover and the animal world), as well as influences of anthropogenic processes and formations, which are an effect of specific adaptation of the human community to the conditions of the natural environment. The aim of this paper is to present the pos sibilities for applying digital and statistical models in the analysis and assessment of the existing or potential condition of landscapes in selected areas, especially those of high environmental value. Ways of using analytical and quantitative result summaries to synthetically forecast protection of landscapes in the most desirable condition have been presented here. In this type of research paper, the landscape is analysed preliminarily by means of separating thematic modules (layers). Within each module, it is possible to generate an objective spatial description of elements of the landscape in the morpho-dynamic aspect, and to carry out a detailed analysis and valuation of selected components of the natural environment and the changes to it resulting from anthropogenic factors. Thematic la yers are used for the presentation of the detailed cataloguing and valuation of the landscape. A compiling of "landscape sequences", by means of "overlaying" or "removing" landscape layers visualized on a monitor screen makes it possible to assess the impact of changes whose implementation in the existing geographical space is planned. This, in turn, makes it possible to forecast the directions and trends in the evolution of the landscape of an area under research. familiarity with these trends is crucial in the forecasting of phenomena and processes that may occur in the future within given spatial units. The ultimate aim may be to work out the most appropriate concept by which to expose and protect elements of the landscape. The main methodo logy in the research presented is based around digital processing of components of the analysed landscape. This means of data storage makes it possible to apply mathematical rules in describing the elements of the landscape. Attempts at this type of approach have been made in the selected model area of the Czestochowa Upland.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0344457270,

title = {Wells - Waning feature of cultural landscape of the Czestochowa upland [Studnie jako zanikajacy element krajobrazu kulturowego wyzyny Czestochowskiej]},

author = { U. Myga-Piątek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0344457270&partnerID=40&md5=6c109539fb150be29ed679a275ecd993},

issn = {00459453},

year  = {1997},

date = {1997-01-01},

journal = {Czasopismo Geograficzne},

volume = {68},

number = {3-4},

pages = {327-340},

publisher = {University of Wroclaw},

abstract = {This paper presents farm wells as a specific aspect of water management. Wells are considered as local means of water supply and also as a waning architectural feature of cultural landscape of two villages, Siedlec and Suliszowice. Both are located on the upland surface near the town of Czestochowa in southern Poland. Typology of wells presented in the paper is based on field survey that covered 16 km 2 . 24 objects in total have been registered and then classified according to the following criteria: depth, water reserves, diameter, building material, type of water-drawing machines, type of protection, pollution, appearance in landscape, and architectonic value. Within the investigated area, water is extracted from two water-bearing horizons, located within the Quaternary strata (shallow wells) and the Uppear Jurassic strata (deep wells), respectively. The majority of wells is still in use, yet the number of dry wells is alarmingly increasing. They are filled up and disappear from the Czestochowa Upland landscape. Local material such as oak timber and limestone are most frequently used to build the wells. The dominant architecture type is a well with windlass and wooden roof. Considering location of the investigated area within the 'Eagle Nests Landscape Park', high architectonic value of farm wells and their space-restricted occurrence, it is appropriate to ensure to them particular protection and supervision.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}