@article{2-s2.0-85180369062,

title = {Weathering alterations of coal mining wastes geochemistry, petrography, and mineralogy, a case study from the Janina and Marcel Coal Mines, Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland)},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and M. Szczerba and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Więcław and E. Szram and Á. Nádudvari and Z. Ciesielska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85180369062&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2023.104407&partnerID=40&md5=7f614415c47e1227af2cb9b820a07022},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2023.104407},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {281},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Weathering-caused alterations in coal mining waste geochemistry, petrography, and mineralogy occurring in the known time span of 1998–2018 in the temperate climate of Poland were investigated. A series of coal mining waste rocks representing two parts of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), differing in coalification stage, i.e., corresponding to sub-bituminous and bituminous coals, have been selected to find how the level of organic matter conditionates the weathering. Differences in organic matter content, petrographic composition, rock mineralogy and inorganic geochemistry were also taken into account. Whereas organic petrography, including vitrinite reflectance values, do not show significant weathering signs, apart from irregular cracks and, in very rare cases, paler in color oxidation rims, organic geochemistry has been affected due to low-temperature secondary processes, including increased oxygen index values, particularly in less mature coal mining wastes. Biomarker distribution has been changed to the largest extent, with partial removal of n-alkanes possibly due to biodegradation of organic matter and water-washing of lighter polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including alkyl naphthalenes. Organic matter of lower maturity in coal mining wastes from the USCB eastern part, as more reactive, showed a higher level of secondary transformations. Minerals formed during weathering due to time and storage on dumps were mainly oxidation products of iron sulphides: goethite and jarosite; however, most of the minerals have not been altered. Thus, despite physical changes in coal mining wastes, such as increased brittleness, decreasing fragment size and surface color change, there are only limited changes in inorganic chemistry and mineralogy. This indicates that low-temperature processes do not favour the inorganic elements release to the environment and points out that measures to prevent self-heating within the dumps are the most vital part of post-mining activity leading to the best scenario - slow low-temperature weathering of coal mining wastes. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85168546328,

title = {Interlaboratory study: Testing reproducibility of solid biofuels component identification using reflected light microscopy},

author = { A. Drobniak and M. Mastalerz and Z. Jelonek and I. Jelonek and T. Adsul and N.M. Andolšek and O.H. Ardakani and T. Congo and B. Demberelsuren and B.S. Donohoe and A. Douds and D. Flores and R. Ganzorig and S. Ghosh and A.P. Giże and P.A. Gonçalves and P.C. Hackley and J.J. Hatcherian and J.C. Hower and S. Kalaitzidis and S. Kędzior and W.R. Knowles and J. Kus and K. Lis and G.P. Lis and Be. Liu and Q. Luo and M. Du and D.K. Mishra and M. Misz-Kennan and T. Mugerwa and J.L. Nedzweckas and J.M.K. O'Keefe and Ja. Park and R. Pearson and H.I. Petersen and J. Reyes and J. Ribeiro and G. de la Rosa-Rodríguez and P. Sosnowski and B.J. Valentine and A.K. Varma and M. Wojtaszek-Kalaitzidi and Zh. Xu and A. Zdravkov and K. Ziemianin},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85168546328&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2023.104331&partnerID=40&md5=437705b071d6453eaaf41d2816f52333},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2023.104331},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {277},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Considering global market trends and concerns about climate change and sustainability, increased biomass use for energy is expected to continue. As more diverse materials are being utilized to manufacture solid biomass fuels, it is critical to implement quality assessment methods to analyze these fuels thoroughly. One such method is reflected light microscopy (RLM), which has the potential to complement and enhance current standard testing, leading to improving fuel quality assessment and, ultimately, preventing avoidable air pollution. An interlaboratory study (ILS) was conducted to test the reproducibility of biomass fuels component identification using a reflected light microscopy technique. The exercise was conducted on thirty photomicrographs showing biomass and various undesired components (like plastics or mineral matter), which were purposely added (by the ILS organizers) to contaminate wood pellets and charcoal-based grilling fuels. Forty-six participants had various levels of difficulty identifying the marked components, and as a result, the percentage of correct answers ranged from 52.2 to 94.4%. Among the most difficult components to distinguish were petroleum products and inorganic matter. Various reasons led to the misidentification, including insufficient morphological descriptions of the components provided to participants, ambiguities of the nomenclature, limitations of the analytical and exercise method, and insufficient experience of the participants. Overall, the results indicate that RLM has the potential to enhance the quality assessment of biomass fuels. However, they also demonstrate that the petrographic classification used in this exercise requires further refinement before it can be standardized. While a new simplified classification of solid biomass fuels components was created as an outcome of this study, future research is necessary to refine the nomenclature, develop a microscopic morphological description of the components, and verify the accuracy of component identification with a follow-up ILS. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85151013467,

title = {Five million years of life history record in an uppermost Cretaceous northern Tethyan marine succession, Eastern Carpathians (Romania): Microfossil content and palaeoenvironmental assessment},

author = { D. Ţabǎrǎ and H. Slimani and C. Chelariu and R. Bindiu-Haitonic and R. Bălc and Z. Csiki-Sava and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and M. Chelariu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85151013467&doi=10.1016%2fj.revpalbo.2023.104878&partnerID=40&md5=3620b8a5c4932cddecc7d02e7b34dd74},

doi = {10.1016/j.revpalbo.2023.104878},

issn = {00346667},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology},

volume = {313},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {New biostratigraphic investigations based on palynomorphs (mainly dinoflagellate cysts), foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton recovered from eight geological sections indicate that the Hangu Formation near the Pluton-Pipirig area (Tarcău Nappe; Eastern Carpathians; Romania), previously assigned to the Senonian–Paleocene interval, includes only uppermost Cretaceous deposits. The palynological assemblages are moderately rich, with a total of 167 well-preserved taxa. The marine palynomorphs – essentially consisting of dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts) – are dominated by peridinioid taxa, mainly recorded in upper Upper Campanian–lower Maastrichtian deposits, and by a high-diversity assemblage of gonyaulacoid taxa during the late Maastrichtian. Marine algae and dinogymnioid dinocysts were less common. The terrestrial palynoflora is dominated by fern spores and angiosperm pollen, with subordinate gymnosperm pollen. The foraminiferal assemblages include an assortment of well-preserved agglutinated forms, present mainly in the upper Maastrichtian deposits, whereas calcareous benthics and planktonic foraminifera are rare and poorly preserved. Calcareous nannoplankton assemblages are also rare, often represented by two taxa (Micula staurophora and Watznaueria barnesiae); certain important biostratigraphic markers were found to be reworked in the analyzed deposits. Age assignments for the studied sections were mainly provided by dinocysts, through the identification of significant marker taxa and comparisons with well-calibrated Campanian–Maastrichtian dinocyst assemblages from well-dated sections and stratotypes, located mostly in the Northern Hemisphere. Indices such as particulate organic matter (POM) composition, the relative abundance of dinocyst eco-groups, as well as agglutinated foraminiferal morphogroups, were used to reconstruct the depositional environments of the Hangu Formation from the studied area. The upper Upper Campanian–lower Maastrichtian deposits from the Pluton-Pipirig sections were mainly deposited in neritic marine conditions, although occasional redeposition of the sediments transported by turbidity currents towards deeper water settings is not excluded, either. The depositional environments evolve towards outer neritic to distal (bathyal) during the late Maastrichtian, as indicated by palynofacies constituents and by high frequencies of gonyaulacoid dinocysts and deep-water benthic foraminifera. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85147541252,

title = {Preservation of labile organic compounds in sapropelic coals from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M. Misz-Kennan and M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and T. Krzykawski and B.R.T. Simoneit and L. Marynowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85147541252&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2023.104186&partnerID=40&md5=396c170a48381df292c872f303db8608},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2023.104186},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {267},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Sapropelic coals were taken for study from coal mines and coal waste dumps in Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), Poland. They showed unusual molecular compositions reflecting immature characteristics. The vitrinite reflectances 0.65-1.00% indicated mature organic matter (OM) and agreed with the Rock Eval Tmax (421-444oC). The OM maturity also was supported by the geochemical ratios, i.e., alkylnaphthalenes, dimethylphenanthrenes, methylbiphenyls and dibenzofuran or phenol and its methyl derivatives in the southern part of USCB. The petrographic features showed fine-grained and laminated OM, which is typical for sapropel with a dominance of vitrinite and inertinite macerals. The presence of fusinites and natural chars reflects paleowildfires prior to coal formation and/or peat fires. It is also confirmed by the presence of anthracene, methyl-anthracenes, and oxygen-containing aromatic compounds like anthrone, xanthone, fluorenone, and benzofluoren-11-ones. Rock Eval pyrolysis data showed very similar values as the humic coals from USCB, except for the elevated values of S2 (residual petroleum potential) and Hydrogen Index (HI) reflecting the presence of hydrogen-rich liptinite macerals. The distributions of n-alkanes, methylalkanes, alkylcyclohexanes and alkylbenzenes indicate a microbiological origin associated with microorganisms, including cyanobacteria or Botryococcus. In all samples 8β(H)-homodrimane dominated and indicated an anoxic environment of the deep lakes. The preservation of tetracyclic diterpenoids, diaster-13(17)-enes, ββ-hopanes, simonellite, bisnorsimonellite, cadalene, fatty acids, aromatic aldehydes and carboxylic acids from lignin degradation in sapropelic hard coals indicates an early diagenetic generation of these compounds from sapropels. Furthermore, during coalification, some the less thermally labile compounds can be preserved with increasing coal rank, while others isomerized or aromatized to more stable counterparts. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85146253145,

title = {Organic matter variations in the deep marginal basin of the Western Tethys and links to various environments in isotopic Albian–Cenomanian Boundary Interval},

author = { K. Bąk and E. Szram and M. Zielińska and M. Misz-Kennan and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Bąk and Z. Górny},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85146253145&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2022.104181&partnerID=40&md5=62656959bb3d149bb887ffc8e5308928},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2022.104181},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {266},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {In the latest Albian–lowermost Cenomanian, the palaeoenvironments along the northern margin in the Carpathian domain of the Western Tethys were characterized by deep basins with floors below the calcium compensation depth, which were filled with flysch and hemipelagic sediments. On the other hand, the terrestrial areas surrounding the Western Tethys to the north were covered by a diverse flora of gymnosperms and experienced an increase in the diversity of angiosperms; the latter was characterized by a rapid spread in most terrestrial environments. The flysch/hemipelagic succession of the Silesian Basin (the Polish part of the Outer Carpathians) contains a sedimentological record of organic-rich accumulation that is related to the carbon isotope excursion, known as the Albian–Cenomanian Boundary Interval (ACBI); its older part corresponds to Oceanic Anoxic Event 1d (OAE1d). Organic matter (OM) records from these noncalcareous sediments are characterized by the occurrence of both terrigenous and marine organic compounds, and an increase in their accumulation intensity occurred during OAE1d, similar to other Western Tethyan areas and their northern surroundings. Quantitative analyses of the OM compounds using petrographic and chemical methods indicate that the majority were redeposited from land and estuarine environments; however, the OAE1d strata (Alternans Level) and the lower part of the post-OAE1d black shale succession are also enriched in OM of marine origin. This enrichment is interpreted as the result of enhanced surface water productivity, most likely related to redistribution of nutrients from coastal areas during the sea level rise of the KAl8 eustatic cycle. OAE1d was also the period in which the degradation of OM took place under reducing conditions in the bottom waters (although they were not anoxic), which was possibly caused by poor ventilation. A high proportion of terrigenous/estuarine OM compounds redeposited in the Silesian Basin is characteristic, especially for the post-ACBI black and dark grey shales. A large amount of this OM type has undergone relatively rapid degradation as it has settled from the shallows through a well‑oxygenated water column in the epi-, meso- and bathypelagic zones. Some terrigenous OM came from forest fires that occurred in the catchment area and supplied material to the Silesian Basin. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85135313507,

title = {The transition toward the Messinian evaporites identified by biomarker records in the organic-rich shales of the Tripoli Formation (Sicily, Italy)},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M. Forzese and R. Maniscalco and A. Di Stefano and M. Misz-Kennan and L. Marynowski and T. Krzykawski and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85135313507&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2022.104053&partnerID=40&md5=d95062882491fd96c91734503951577e},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2022.104053},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {260},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Pre-evaporitic Messinian deposits, consisting of a cyclic alternation of diatomites with lime mudstones, and laminated marls, crop out all over the Mediterranean area, representing important archives of deteriorating environmental conditions. The peculiar section of Torrente Vaccarizzo (Sicily) shows several intervals of organic-rich shales, exceptionally high in lipid biomarkers, interbedded mostly with diatomites, laminites, and lime mudstones. This research deals with geochemical analyses of organic-rich shales to characterize the depositional environments and the organic matter source, as well as to investigate the biological archives predating the extreme saline conditions of the Messinian Salinity Crisis. The biomarker compositions with the petrographic results reflect a change from oxic/dysoxic to dysoxic/anoxic conditions towards younger strata. Although a minor terrestrial input is displayed by saccharides and angiosperm biomarkers, such as amyrins, dicarboxylic acids, and lignin degradation products, most of the n-alkanes, isoprenoids, n-alkanoic acids, steroids, hopanes, and tocopherols are produced by marine hypersaline tolerant organisms. Sulfurization of organic compounds (mainly isoprenoids and n-alkanols) complements the pyrite mineralogy also indicating anoxia. The assessment of kerogen by Rock Eval pyrolysis revealed a moderate-good oil potential and indicated thermally immature organic matter, which is also confirmed by multiple geochemical parameters (e.g. hopane; sterane). Bituminite at this stage of thermal maturity is not prone to hydrocarbon generation, but depends on the degree of bacterial alteration. This work highlights the relevance of using biomarkers to characterize the response of biological communities to deteriorating environmental conditions. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85125047768,

title = {The Miocene deep-seated spontaneous coal-seam fire in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (S Poland) and its geotectonic trigger mechanism},

author = { J. Nawrocki and J. Ciesielczuk and D. Jura and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125047768&doi=10.1111%2fter.12576&partnerID=40&md5=7a4092a258b5e5dc987fbe84eb9c1ea3},

doi = {10.1111/ter.12576},

issn = {09544879},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Terra Nova},

volume = {34},

number = {3},

pages = {184-192},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc},

abstract = {The deep-seated spontaneous coal-seam fire occurred in the southwestern part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (S Poland), confirmed by oxygenated compounds emission to over- and underlying rocks. The fire was dated at 19.2–19.8 Ma using the 39Ar-40Ar method and palaeomagnetism. It was initiated in the Carpathian foreland thanks to a normal faulting in response to thrust-loaded deflections of the Carpathian foreland lithosphere during collision of tectonic plates (Alcapa and stable Europe). The orogenic loading caused this normal faulting in the foreland and triggering the flexural mechanism of foredeep subsidence and forebulge uplift. Thanks to the dating of rocks affected by the spontaneous coal fire initiated during the rapid uplift of coal-bearing rocks, when they became exposed to the aeration zone, the age of these mountain-building processes in the Carpathians has been precisely defined. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85123020974,

title = {Corrigendum to “Simulated maturation by hydrous pyrolysis of bituminous coals and carbonaceous shales from the Upper Silesian and Lublin basins (Poland): Induced compositional variations in biomarkers, carbon isotopes and macerals” [International Journal of Coal Geology volume (2021) 1–27] (International Journal of Coal Geology (2021) 247, (S016651622100183X), (10.1016/j.coal.2021.103856))},

author = { M.J. Kotarba and M. Słowakiewicz and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Więcław and K. Jurek and M. Waliczek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85123020974&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2022.103925&partnerID=40&md5=4a41915e30744e2c7bdef3d8caf323fb},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2022.103925},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {250},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The authors noticed defects in Table 3 and Fig. 3. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. Table 3 Vitrinite reflectance and organic matter petrographic composition of original coal and shale samples and samples after hydrous pyrolysis at 330 and 360 oC for 72 h. [Table presented] Fig. 3. (A and B) Extracted bitumen yield (mg/g TOCo), (C and D) expelled oil yield (mg/g TOCo), (E and F) 100 ΣV/ΣOM ratio and (G and H) 100 Bit/ΣOM ratio versus vitrinite reflectance of (A; C; E and G) coals and (B; D; F and H) carbonaceous shales of original samples and after HP at 330 °C and 360 °C for 72 h. See Fig. 2 for sample key and stratigraphy of currently analysed samples in this and following figures. Ext. – Extracted; TOCo – initial total organic carbon; ΣOM – sum of components of organic matter = ΣV + ΣI + ΣL + Ch + Bit + Sem; ΣV – sum of vitrinite macerals; ΣI – sum of inertinite macerals; ΣL – sum of liptinite macerals; Ch – natural char; Bit – bitumen; Sem – semicoke. [Table presented] © 2021 The Author(s)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85170855344,

title = {Sozology in contemporary earth sciences and economic practice - selected aspects [Sozologia we wspolczesnych naukach o Ziemi i praktyce gospodarczej - wybrane aspekty]},

author = { A. Gałaś and A.K. Abramowicz and S. Gałaś and A. Kot-Niewiadomska and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85170855344&partnerID=40&md5=18b177c77fa09094bf861f72fb927ecb},

issn = {00332151},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Przeglad Geologiczny},

volume = {70},

number = {11},

pages = {826-833},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {Known mostly in Poland, formulated by Prof. W. Goetel, the science - called sozology perfectly corresponds to today's pro-environmental activities developing worldwide. Sozology combines both concern for the precious values of primeval nature and the management of areas transformed by man. It includes civilization changes, climate change, and access to natural resources. The article discusses four main research directions: 1) protection of the natural environment and mineral resources, 2) rational spatial management, 3) post-exploitation management of industrial areas, 4) analysis and prevention of environmental changes. The authors point to the need to integrate specialists from various fields who can jointly solve environmental problems. © 2022 Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85099354655,

title = {Lead in the Bones of Cows from a Medieval Pb-Ag Metallurgical Settlement: Bone Mineralization by Metalliferous Minerals},

author = { J. Cabała and D. Rozmus and G. Kłys and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099354655&doi=10.1080%2f14614103.2020.1867289&partnerID=40&md5=b620138e2d284021062ac8ea605bf9d9},

doi = {10.1080/14614103.2020.1867289},

issn = {14614103},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Archaeology},

volume = {27},

number = {3},

pages = {292-305},

publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},

abstract = {Pb contents (13-53 mg kg−1) and pathological changes in almost complete cow skeletons discovered in graves adjacent to Pb and Ag smelting furnaces active in the Silesian-Cracovian region, in the mid-12th century are reported in the article. In addition to Pb, elements such as Zn, Cd, Fe, Mn, Cd, and Ba characteristic of Zn-Pb-Ag ores in the region were identified. Bone fragments and the soil in which they had lain for almost 800 years were examined by SEM, EDS. XRD was used to identify minerals present in soils. The enrichment of the bones with Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn, and Cd is associated with the remobilisation of elements from soil contaminated with primary and synthetic phase-rich metals. In biotic material (e.g. bones) taken from soils heavily contaminated by mining or metallurgical processes, it is not possible to determine whether a given metal was even partly incorporated into the bone structure during life using the above methods. However, the importance of comprehensive geochemical and submicroscopic data for any inference based on the results of chemical tests on biological material is clearly indicated. © Association for Environmental Archaeology 2021.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85116102311,

title = {Simulated maturation by hydrous pyrolysis of bituminous coals and carbonaceous shales from the Upper Silesian and Lublin basins (Poland): Induced compositional variations in biomarkers, carbon isotopes and macerals},

author = { M.J. Kotarba and M. Słowakiewicz and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Więcław and K. Jurek and M. Waliczek},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85116102311&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2021.103856&partnerID=40&md5=c0c78f6bba6edab07eec62cecbfe13cd},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2021.103856},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {247},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Hydrous pyrolysis (HP) to simulate the maturation of organic matter (OM) and a variety of organic geochemical analyses and petrographic analyses of OM were performed to establish the origin and depositional environment in the Serpukhovian (Mississippian) and Pennsylvanian coals and carbonaceous shales from the Upper Silesian and Lublin coal basins. OM of coals and shales is dominated by vitrinite- with subordinate liptinite- and inertinite-group macerals, derived from C3 plants. The OM in both coals and shales is of humic origin, deposited in terrestrial, paralic and terrestrial, deltaic and lacustrine environments. The OM is rich in resins related to the presence of waxes derived from the coat of vascular plants. Shales were deposited in a more brackish-lacustrine environment than coals with algae and microbially reworked OM. Shales occurring above coal seams were deposited in more dynamic conditions than shales below seams. Coal sedimentation occurred in a stagnant setting reflected in the presence of paleosols and diverse plant groups. After heating at HP 330 °C and 360 °C, various new vitrinite forms appear, and semicoke, in the OM. The distributions of some biomarkers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are characteristic of specific macerals, and their ratios are controlled by OM type and thermal maturity related to the conditions of the HP experiments. This behaviour can be related to OM of type III and chemical reactions at two maturation stages. No significant geochemical or genetic differences in the OM of coals or shales from either basin are evident. © 2021 The Authors},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85117060914,

title = {Molecular and stable isotope composition of pollutants emitted during thermal processes within the rymer coal waste dump (Upper Silesia, Poland)},

author = { D. Więcław and K. Jurek and M.J. Fabiańska and E. Bilkiewicz and A. Kowalski and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85117060914&doi=10.3390%2fmin11101120&partnerID=40&md5=9ec58d7a0a1d964310965add801d997f},

doi = {10.3390/min11101120},

issn = {2075163X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Minerals},

volume = {11},

number = {10},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Twenty-seven gases and sixteen rock wastes from the thermal active Rymer coal waste dump were collected. The composition and origin of gaseous, liquid, and solid pollutants emitted during the self-heating process and the development of these processes with time were established. Gases were subjected to determination of molecular and stable isotope (δ13C and δ2H) composition. Rock-Eval pyrolysis and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) were applied for evaluation of the quantity and molecular composition of pyrolysates released during the heating of rocks in temperatures from 100 to 650◦C. The main products of Py-GC-MS are released between 350 and 650◦C, namely alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and aromatic alcohols. These components were also recorded in Py-GC-MS products of samples collected from the dump surface. Besides the high-molecular-weight organic compounds, in emitted gases CO2, CO, gaseous hydrocarbons, and S-compounds were recorded. The stable isotope data indicated that methane was generated mainly during the low-temperature thermogenic process, but a share of the microbial-originated gas was visible. The source of the CO2 was the oxidation of organic matter. The gaseous S-compounds were products of high-temperature decomposition of sulphides and organic S-compounds. The hydrocarbon and CO contents of the emitted gases proved to be good indicators for tracking of the self-heating processes. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85105377903,

title = {Selected ions and major and trace elements as contaminants in coal-waste dump water from the Lower and Upper Silesian Coal Basins (Poland)},

author = { L. Lewińska-Preis and E. Szram and M.J. Fabiańska and Á. Nádudvari and M. Misz-Kennan and A.K. Abramowicz and Ł. Kruszewski and A. Kita},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85105377903&doi=10.1007%2fs40789-021-00421-9&partnerID=40&md5=4b9123027922bf299128dda7f296b4dd},

doi = {10.1007/s40789-021-00421-9},

issn = {20958293},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Science and Technology},

volume = {8},

number = {4},

pages = {790-814},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

abstract = {Many temporary and permanent reservoirs of water occur on or near coal-waste dumps in the Lower- and Upper Silesian Coal Basins (Poland). Little or nothing is known of the degree to which their water chemistry might reflect (i) reservoir type, i.e., whether permanent or temporary, (ii) level of coal-waste thermal activity, i.e., whether inactive or self-heating or burnt-out or (iii) region, i.e., whether the dumps are in Upper- or Lower Silesia. To provide some answers, concentrations of selected ions (NH4+; HCO3−; F−; Cl−; Br−; NO2−; NO3−; PO43−;SO42−) were determined by ion chromatography and of nineteen elements (Al; B; Ba; Ca; Cd; Cr; Cu; Fe; K; Li; Mg; Mn; Na; P; Pb; S; Si; Sr; Zn) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The data allow a number of the following observations. When permanent reservoirs are considered, there is a clear relationship between concentrations of ions and major and trace elements and dump thermal activity. The highest concentrations occur where the thermal activity is high as inorganic components are transformed into more water-soluble forms. As dump thermal activity shows a regional pattern, it follows also that elemental and ion concentrations in the dump waters show significant regional differences. In temporary reservoirs, concentrations of ions and major and trace elements are much lower and any correlations between components less significant than in the permanent reservoirs; these reservoirs exist for too short a time for any balance between coal waste- and water components to be established. © 2021, The Author(s).},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85109082154,

title = {The disappearance of coal seams recorded in associated gangue rocks in the sw part of the upper silesian coal basin, poland},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Jura and P. Filipiak and A. Matuszewska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85109082154&doi=10.3390%2fmin11070735&partnerID=40&md5=13efd0ecf4effafbca83a5ca1571c789},

doi = {10.3390/min11070735},

issn = {2075163X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Minerals},

volume = {11},

number = {7},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Coal seams in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin vanish within the Carboniferous Upper Silesian Sandstone Series and below an unconformity marking the Carboniferous top surface. Changes in the geochemical, mineralogical, petrological and palynological characteristics of gangue rocks associated with the vanished seams record what happened. The observed changes could have been caused by (1) coal-seam paleofire, (2) peat combustion, (3) igneous intrusion, (4) metasomatism and/or (5) weathering. Multifaceted research on samples collected at the Jas-Mos mining area, a part of the operating Jastrzębie-Bzie Coal Mine that are representative of different geological settings in the northern and southern parts of the mining area, point to intra-deposit paleofire as the most plausible reason for the disappearance. Biomarkers enabled recognition of differences in heating duration and oxygen access. Coal seams in the south burned quickly with abundant oxygen supply. Seams in the north pyrolyzed for an extended time under conditions of limited oxygen. Though other methods used proved less sensitive, all confirmed low (100–150◦C) paleotemperature heating. Overall, the reason for the local disappearance of the coal seams, making their exploitation difficult and unprofitable, can be assigned to a variety of different processes in a complex overlapping history of variable weathering, heating due to local endogenic fires and, probably, earlier peat combustion. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85095782590,

title = {Classification of fires in coal waste dumps based on Landsat, Aster thermal bands and thermal camera in Polish and Ukrainian mining regions},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and A.K. Abramowicz and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85095782590&doi=10.1007%2fs40789-020-00375-4&partnerID=40&md5=7736bce653d78699a57d68b740b66fd5},

doi = {10.1007/s40789-020-00375-4},

issn = {20958293},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Science and Technology},

volume = {8},

number = {3},

pages = {441-456},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

abstract = {A self-heating intensity index (SHII) based on the highest (pixel max.) and lowest (pixel min.) values taken from satellite thermal maps of burning coal waste dumps are proposed. The index enables the classification of such fires in Ukrainian- and Polish coal waste dumps. Both in Ukraine and in Poland, varying thermal intensities during 1985–2019 are revealed, using the SHII and following thermal intensity threshold values, namely, extreme thermal activity (> 7), advanced (3–7), moderate (3–1.5), initial (1.5–1), no activity (< 1). The SHII shows decreasing thermal activity in the selected Ukrainian coal waste dumps during 2017–2019. It aids in reconstructing the thermal history of the dumps. Analysis of satellite images revealed a large number of burning coal waste dumps in the Donetsk Coal Basin (Ukraine) with high thermal activity. Such burning likely reflects large amounts of organic matter and sulphides in the dumped material subjected to self-heating and self-burning processes, lack of compaction of the coal waste and/or high methane contents. Comparison of SHII values calculated from satellite- and drone thermal-camera images were compared to show that SHII from drone thermal images have much higher values than those from satellite images; the former have better resolution. Thus, SHII from Landsat- and drone images should be used separately in dump heating studies. © 2020, The Author(s).},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85105102398,

title = {The influence of heating on the carbon isotope composition, organic geochemistry and petrology of coal from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland): An experimental and field study},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and M. Górka and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Jura},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85105102398&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2021.103749&partnerID=40&md5=bd6f6cc1f7819b03ba7bf04bff77e70b},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2021.103749},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {241},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The impact of natural intra-deposit heating on the δ13C signature, organic geochemistry, and petrology of coal and coal-bearing rocks characterised by various degrees of coalification and palaeoenvironments in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland, is elaborated. Reconstruction of palaeofire performed by heating experiments up to 400 °C in open and semi-closed systems with different heating regimes confirms the crucial significance of temperature and oxygen access. In open-system heating, released 13C-depleted gases enrich residue coke in 13C compared to raw coal. Petrological examinations did not show the impact of palaeofires on the maceral properties of coal. However, the carried-out experiment caused the formation of devolatilisation pores, rounded edges, cracks, pale rims, as well as higher reflectance and paler colour that was what was expected. Extractable compounds become highly depleted, and low-weight organic compounds nearly absent. Relatively high contents of combustion-formed PAHs are an indicator of open-system heating. In semi-closed systems, the final total isotopic composition was almost unchanged as no components are carried away though changes in petrography and geochemistry occur. Increased extract yields reflect the release of bitumen from closed pores and partial pyrolysis of organic matter. Depletion of lighter n-alkane compounds, total carbon TC and volatiles decrease, and variable values of various alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon ratios are also indicative of semi-closed heating. Coal seams suspected of intra-deposit heating show geochemical and isotopic features similar to semi-closed- rather than open-system heating, and their δ13C signatures and organic geochemistry did not respond strongly during laboratory re-heating. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85090054667,

title = {Organic contaminants of coal-waste dump water in the Lower- and Upper Silesian Coal Basins (Poland)},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and Á. Nádudvari and J. Ciesielczuk and E. Szram and M. Misz-Kennan and D. Więcław},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85090054667&doi=10.1016%2fj.apgeochem.2020.104690&partnerID=40&md5=48996f1ecc723173fab6270181a20d34},

doi = {10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104690},

issn = {08832927},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Applied Geochemistry},

volume = {122},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Organic phases in the waters of permanent- and temporary reservoirs located on and near coal-waste dumps in Upper- and Lower Silesia, Poland, include recent compounds of biogenic origin, geochemical compounds (biomarkers), dissolved products of coal-waste self-heating, and anthropogenic markers. Due to their adverse environmental- and health effects, the concentration levels of two compound groups were assessed, namely, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organic phosphates (OPEs). Their occurrence depends on whether sampling sites were thermally active or not. The predominant source of organic compounds in coal-waste dump water at thermally active sites is organic matter from coal waste. Products of self-heating dissolved in water include phenolic compounds, light ketones, organic acids, and PAHs showing the highest concentrations. OPEs are present only at thermally active sites where firefighting operations had taken place recently. These most probably derived from pump lubricants and/or the diesel engines of heavy-duty equipment such as excavators and bulldozers as no fire retardants were used. Biomarker- and PAHs ratios indicative of air particulate contamination prevail at sites where any thermal activity had ceased long ago. Traffic emission from nearby settlements seems to be the main source of organic compounds at such sites as the biomarkers indicate a crude-oil related source. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85078431233,

title = {Development of a petrographic classification system for organic particles affected by self-heating in coal waste. (An ICCP Classification System, Self-heating Working Group – Commission III)},

author = { M. Misz-Kennan and J. Kus and D. Flores and C. Avila and Z. Büçkün and N. Choudhury and K. Christanis and J.P. Joubert and S. Kalaitzidis and A.I. Karayigit and M. Malecha and M.M. Marques and P. Martizzi and J.M.K. O'Keefe and W. Pickel and G. Predeanu and S. Pusz and J. Ribeiro and S. Rodrigues and A.K. Singh and I. Suárez-Ruiz and I. Sýkorová and N.J. Wagner and D. Životić},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85078431233&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2020.103411&partnerID=40&md5=4398edf4e8f589dfe98c3223e30d204a},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2020.103411},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {220},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Self-heating of coal waste is a major problem in the leading coal-producing and consuming countries, independent of the recent or past coal exploitation history. The phenomenon of self-heating is dependent on many factors such as the properties of organic matter (maceral composition and rank), moisture and pyrite content, climate effects, and storage conditions (shape of the dump or compaction of the coal waste). Once deposited, coal waste undergoes oxidation, which can lead to self-heating with the overall temperatures exceeding 1000 °C. During these self-heating processes, both organic and mineral matter undergo oxidative and thermal alterations, being influenced, among others, by the rate of heating as well as by the access of air and moisture. The morphological features of organic matter in coal waste at microscopic scale reflect the thermal conditions within the waste dump. Since 2008, several exercises designed to establish a petrographic classification system of oxidatively- and thermally-altered morphological forms of organic particles present in self-heated coal waste dumps have been carried out within the Self-heating of Coal and Coal Waste Working Group (Self-Heating WG), in Commission III of the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP). Based on the degree of oxidative and thermal alteration, all assessed organic particles were divided into unaltered particles (huminite; vitrinite; liptinite; and inertinite macerals), altered particles, and newly formed particles (pyrolytic carbon; bitumen; chars; graphite; and coke). Altered particles were further divided according to their optical properties (porous; massive; isotropic; anisotropic). For altered particles the following specific features were distinguished: fractures, fissures, cracks; brighter rims; darker rims; plasticised edges; bands; devolatilisation pores; paler in colour particles. The final petrographic classification of oxidatively- and thermally-altered morphological forms of organic particles in coal waste dumps was established as a result of the successively performed Round Robin Exercises 2008–2017. The selected criteria and categories proved the high performance of the analysts characterised by a minor bias. The proposed petrographic classification system based on petrographic methods represents a useful way to characterize the undesirable phenomena occurring in coal waste dumps. Microscopic analyses and application of the petrographic classification system for organic particles affected by self-heating in coal waste offers the identification, documentation and monitoring of coal waste oxidation, self-ignition and combustion processes. It also enables a selection and application of appropriate measures to delay or even prevent undesired environmental impacts. The established classification system may assist in the air quality monitoring and assessment of burning waste dump sites and, thus, provide a relevant support in the environmental management of the disposal sites related to coal mining. The classification system can provide an important instrument for environmental protection agencies to increase the effectiveness of measures applied in fire hazard combating. The proposed classification of oxidatively- and thermally-altered morphological forms of organic particles in coal waste dumps can be applied on self-heating coal waste or mining dumps research, being a useful tool for coal waste managements performed by environmental agencies responsible for the landfill managements and monitoring of waste dumps. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85077690642,

title = {Correction to: Investigation of organic material self-heating in oxygen-depleted condition within a coal-waste dump in Upper Silesia Coal Basin, Poland (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, (2020), 27, 8, (8285-8307), 10.1007/s11356-019-07336-8)},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk and A. Kowalski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077690642&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-020-07688-6&partnerID=40&md5=fe5a69a01cc526237c33c998cee7b8bf},

doi = {10.1007/s11356-020-07688-6},

issn = {09441344},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},

volume = {27},

number = {8},

pages = {8308-8309},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {The original publication of this paper contains a mistake. The correct caption of figures 7 and 8 is shown in this paper. The original article was corrected. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85077566195,

title = {Investigation of organic material self-heating in oxygen-depleted condition within a coal-waste dump in Upper Silesia Coal Basin, Poland},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk and A. Kowalski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077566195&doi=10.1007%2fs11356-019-07336-8&partnerID=40&md5=7ce4d37003127eb4389089804172f697},

doi = {10.1007/s11356-019-07336-8},

issn = {09441344},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},

volume = {27},

number = {8},

pages = {8285-8307},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {Self-heating occurring was studied in the Bytom coal-waste dump using petrographic, mineralogical, and organic geochemical to assess the changes induced by heating on organic material and quantify—qualify the emitted gases. The distribution of geochemical markers such as n-alkanes, alkylbenzenes, alkylcyclohexanes, phenols, sulfurous compounds, and emitted gases in the waste dump is outlined. Heating of organic material there is indicated by high vitrinite random reflectance (Rr)% values that typically characterize samples with short-chain n-alkanes, alkylbenzenes, and alkylmethylbenzenes. Contents of minerals showing minor alterations are high with ~ 90% in burned-out samples. Inside the dump where temperatures can reach up to 700–1300 °C and oxygen contents are significantly reduced, conditions favor coking. This situation is confirmed by the formation of enormous quantities of phenols and alkylbenzenes or by elevated amounts of H2 formed under low-oxygen conditions (pyrolysis). Aromatization, pyrolysis (thermal cracking), and oxidation are associated with the heating in the dump. Gases such as methane, ethane, propane, and ethylene formed during self-heating can serve as fuel for the fire inside the dump, in the process generating huge amounts of CO2. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85084197714,

title = {Comparative petrography and organic geochemistry of different types of organic matter occurring in the outer carpathians rocks},

author = { M. Zielińska and M.J. Fabiańska and D. Więcław and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084197714&doi=10.7306%2fgq.1523&partnerID=40&md5=8b0600972d1c38e637a6095411bfd49f},

doi = {10.7306/gq.1523},

issn = {16417291},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Geological Quarterly},

volume = {64},

number = {1},

pages = {165-184},

publisher = {Polish Geological Institute},

abstract = {The characterization of organic matter (OM) in sedimentary rocks is important in many types of biological, geological and environmental research. The integrated use of microscopy and geochemistry, as here, is particularly useful in any attempt to define the origin and evolution of OM in sedimentary basins. The organic petrography and geochemistry different types of allogenic and authigenic OM from the Polish Outer Carpathian (POC) rocks were studied in present study to compare their genetic type, thermal maturity, depositional environment and post-sedimentation processes. Special attention was paid to redeposited coal clasts occurrences. The used techniques show differences in organic matter type originating from various sources. The organic petrography analysis shows that redeposited coal clasts (CC) and terrigenous organic matter (TOM) are composed predominantly of woody material (the gas-prone Type-III kerogen). Similar results were obtained during the Rock-Eval pyrolysis. Moreover, the GC-MS analysis of extracts indicated the additional source of OM, namely planktonic organic matter (POM) with oil-prone kerogen Type-I or II. This OM is in some cases high thermally mature and could potentially has allochthonous origin. The n-alkane, saturated and aromatic biomarker data revealed deposition of this POM in anoxic deltaic or close-shore sedimentary environments whereas the redeposited coal clasts were probably originally deposited in coal swamps as were the Upper Silesian bituminous coals. © 2020, Polish Geological Institute. All rights reserved.},

note = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85050625053,

title = {Environmental influence of gaseous emissions from self-heating coal waste dumps in Silesia, Poland},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and Á. Nádudvari and M. Misz-Kennan and A. Kowalski and Ł. Kruszewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85050625053&doi=10.1007%2fs10653-018-0153-5&partnerID=40&md5=c5a0b38aa7c4f20c4547fc77791043de},

doi = {10.1007/s10653-018-0153-5},

issn = {02694042},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Environmental Geochemistry and Health},

volume = {41},

number = {2},

pages = {575-601},

publisher = {Springer Netherlands},

abstract = {Gaseous emissions from seven self-heating coal waste dumps in two large coal mining basins, Upper and Lower Silesia (Poland), were investigated by gas chromatography (GC-FID/TCD), and the results were correlated with on-site thermal activity, stage of self-heating as assessed by thermal mapping, efflorescences, and surface and subsurface temperatures. Though typical gases at sites without thermal activity are dominated by atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen, methane and carbon dioxide are present in concentrations that many times exceed atmospheric values. On average, their concentrations are 42.7–7160 ppm, respectively. These are levels considered harmful to health and show that coal waste fire can be dangerous for some years after extinction. At thermally active sites, concentrations of CH 4 and CO 2 are much higher and reach 5640–51,976 ppm (aver.), respectively. A good substrate–product correlation between CO 2 and CH 4 concentrations indicates rapid in-dump CH 4 oxidation with only insignificant amounts of CO formed. Other gas components include hydrogen, and C 3 –C 6 saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Decreasing oxygen content in the gases is temperature-dependent, and O 2 removal rapidly increased at > 70 °C. Emission differences between both basins are minor and most probably reflect the higher maturity of coal waste organic matter in the Lower Silesia dumps causing its higher resistance to temperature, or/and a higher degree of overburning there. © 2018, The Author(s).},

note = {16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85051378352,

title = {Structure and thermal history of the Wełnowiec dump, Poland: A municipal dump rehabilitated with coal waste},

author = { J. Pierwoła and J. Ciesielczuk and M. Misz-Kennan and M.J. Fabiańska and A. Bielińska and Ł. Kruszewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85051378352&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2018.08.001&partnerID=40&md5=04ae0b1504fae85304c8c56dd8fb34be},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2018.08.001},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {197},

pages = {1-19},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The Wełnowiec municipal dump, Katowice, Poland, rehabilitated with coal waste, is self-heating and igniting. This paper presents a novel application of the use of electrical- and resistivity geophysical methods in the investigation of burning coal waste to help explain why the heating occurred. Geoelectrical methods allowed the internal structure of the dump to be revealed, and the municipal wastes and their rehabilitation cover containing coal waste to be differentiated. Instead of a planned 2.2-m-thick multi-barrier system, the cover consists of irregularly distributed material of varying thickness (<1 to 8 m) and organic carbon content (>5%). This caused the fire to arise 3–4 years after the coal waste deposition. In areas where the rehabilitation layer is <3 m thick, a landslide enabled oxygen access, initiating self-heating. Changes in conductivity clearly identify sites of active burning where measured conductivity values are more than twice those for parts of the dump with no thermal activity. Field observations in particular, complemented to a degree by petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical data, enabled four types of heating zones to be distinguished, namely, (1) initial zones of fire overtaking new volumes of coal waste, (2) active zones with temperatures < 400–500 °C in exhalation vents, (3) overburned zones characterized by long-lasting high temperatures (800-900 °C) and (4) short-lived zones, ephemeral (<1–2 months) with temperatures between 70 and 100 °C. The geophysical methods applied could not distinguish between these zones. The combined results strongly suggest that the use of coal waste as a remediation layer covering waste dumps should be prohibited. Coal waste which, by its nature, is too prone to unpredictable self-heating and self-ignition with the potential environmental consequences that follow. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85046620091,

title = {Putative Late Ordovician land plants},

author = { M.A. Salamon and P. Gerrienne and P. Steemans and P. Gorzelak and P. Filipiak and A. Le Hérissé and F. Paris and B. Cascales-Miñana and T. Brachaniec and M. Misz-Kennan and R. Niedźwiedzki and W. Trela},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85046620091&doi=10.1111%2fnph.15091&partnerID=40&md5=b6e5250d6b132bb0dcccbc5f26aaa98f},

doi = {10.1111/nph.15091},

issn = {0028646X},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {New Phytologist},

volume = {218},

number = {4},

pages = {1305-1309},

publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {34},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85027297969,

title = {Thermal maturity of Miocene organic matter from the Carpathian Foredeep in the Czech Republic: 1D and 3D models},

author = { M. Goldbach and E. Geršlová and M. Misz-Kennan and S. Nehyba},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85027297969&doi=10.1016%2fj.marpetgeo.2017.08.004&partnerID=40&md5=9e22efdb5ecb5e29f4d7d172f489ae0a},

doi = {10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2017.08.004},

issn = {02648172},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Marine and Petroleum Geology},

volume = {88},

pages = {18-29},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {A three-dimensional reconstruction of burial and palaeogeothermal conditions is presented for Miocene sediments of the Carpathian Foredeep beneath the Outer Western Carpathians fold and trust belt in the eastern part of the Czech Republic. The sedimentary units involved include autochthonous Paleozoic sequences, Miocene deposits of the Carpathian Foredeep and of the Western Carpathian nappe system. Reservoir rocks with economic oil and gas accumulations occur in the fractured crystalline basement and in the Neogene Carpathian Foredeep. The studied Vizovice area, is characterized by rocks representing both Variscan and Carpathian orogenic cycles. The 3D thermal maturity and subsidence model presented allows the significance of both tectonic events to be evaluated. The model, calibrated by vitrinite reflectance from eight boreholes proved that eroded units related to the Variscan orogeny approach, in amount, those eroded during the Carpathian orogeny. The thickness of the eroded rocks does not exceed 300 m in either case. Vitrinite reflectance data from representative core samples of the Miocene organic matter show that Rr values increase with depth from 0.36 to 0.58%. A re-evaluation of archival data on the quantity and quality of organic matter shows that total organic carbon ranges from 0.20 to 2.92 wt%, and residual hydrocarbons (S2) from 0.04 to 8.48 mg HC/g rock. These results lead to the conclusion that Neogene Unit II that was interpreted as coastline-through to shallow-marine deposition environment within the Carpathian Foredeep in the Czech Republic is potential source rock for hydrocarbon accumulations. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85033486245,

title = {Thermal history of coal wastes reflected in their organic geochemistry and petrography; the case study: The Katowice-Wełnowiec dump, Poland},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan and J. Ciesielczuk and J. Pierwoła and N. Nitecka and J. Brzoznowski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85033486245&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2017.10.008&partnerID=40&md5=4cbc642d5c1d5e4a020c17b6ab6e73eb},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2017.10.008},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {184},

pages = {11-26},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85033595904,

title = {Development of a petrographic classification of fly-ash components from coal combustion and co-combustion. (An ICCP Classification System, Fly-Ash Working Group – Commission III.)},

author = { I. Suárez-Ruiz and B. Valentim and A.G. Borrego and A. Bouzinos and D. Flores and S. Kalaitzidis and M.L. Malinconico and M.M. Marques and M. Misz-Kennan and G. Predeanu and J.R. Montes and S. Rodrigues and G. Siavalas and N.J. Wagner},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85033595904&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2017.06.004&partnerID=40&md5=8699df4e39c21da244161b0c82a28da4},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2017.06.004},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {183},

pages = {188-203},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {A new system for the microscopic classification of fly-ash components has been developed by the Fly-Ash Working Group, Commission III of the ICCP and is presented herein. The studied fly-ashes were obtained from the combustion of single coals of varied rank, coal blends, and coals blended with other fuels (biomass; petroleum coke), in different operating conditions and by means of different technologies. Microscopic images of the fly-ash samples were used to test the optical criteria proposed for classifying the fly-ash components. The classification system developed is based on a small number of microscopic criteria, subdivided into six independent levels or categories, three of which are directed at whole particle identification on the basis of nature, origin and type of fly-ash particle, while the other three levels are directed at the smaller section identification on the basis of character, structure and optical texture of unburned carbons. To classify the inorganic components of the fly-ash, the criterion proposed is composition in terms of metallic/non-metallic character. To establish the classification criteria the petrographers involved in the work performed three successive round robins. Evaluation of the results by using firstly descriptive statistics and then the criteria and parameters employed by the ICCP in their accreditation programs indicated that the classification of the fly-ash components was accurate and that there was only a minor bias. The main conclusion of this study was that the proposed criteria are valuable for identifying, and classifying fly-ash components and for describing the optical properties of fly-ash particles. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85018441649,

title = {Identification of alginite and bituminite in rocks other than coal. 2006, 2009, and 2011 round robin exercises of the ICCP Identification of Dispersed Organic Matter Working Group},

author = { J. Kus and C.V. Araujo and A.G. Borrego and D. Flores and P.C. Hackley and M. Hámor-Vidó and S. Kalaitzidis and C.J. Kommeren and B. Kwiecińska and M. Mastalerz and J.G. Mendonça Filho and T.R. Menezes and M. Misz-Kennan and G.J. Nowak and H.I. Petersen and D. Rallakis and I. Suárez-Ruiz and I. Sýkorová and D. Životić},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85018441649&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2017.04.013&partnerID=40&md5=08d4ff4dd09a1b9e1233746df0afcfa2},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2017.04.013},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {178},

pages = {26-38},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The paper presents results of round robin exercises on photomicrograph-based identification of dispersed organic matter in source rocks that represent a range of marine and lacustrine deposits from worldwide localities and cover a range of thermal maturities. The round robin exercises were conducted by the Identification of Dispersed Organic Matter Working Group (IDOM WG) of the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP). The round robin exercises aimed to (1) assess the applicability of the established ICCP definitions of bituminite, (2) identify deficiencies and improve the existing nomenclatures, and (3) provide a basis for the revision of the bituminite and alginite definitions in the ICCP Handbook (Taylor et al.; 1998). Three round robin exercises performed in 2006, 2009 and 2011 involved 18 participants from research laboratories at universities and within government and industry. Participants were asked to identify macerals on the basis of existing definitions in 129 photomicrographs taken in incident white light and fluorescent mode and also in fluorescence light mode at prolonged (15 min) blue light irradiation. The results indicate that the definition of telalginite permits its positive and satisfactory agreement among the participants. In contrast, the descriptive characteristics of lamalginite referring to film-like appearance (filamentous) and lack of inner or outer structure are insufficient and inadequate to enable an unequivocal discrimination between it and telalginite. Furthermore, based on the amorphous nature of bituminite and lack of adherence to its established description and character (Taylor et al.; 1998), the highest discrepancies were observed in its identification. Differentiation of bituminite from a fluorescent groundmass and in some cases from lamalginite proved to be particularly challenging. The findings of these round robin exercises are useful for improving the identification of sedimentary organic matter in source rocks and may be an important foundation for the modification of the ICCP definitions of alginite and bituminite. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {26},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85007044052,

title = {Coal weathering and laboratory (artificial) coal oxidation},

author = { J. Kus and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85007044052&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2016.11.016&partnerID=40&md5=5f9ce52b4b9de96e7707d8d3d04c4a32},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2016.11.016},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {171},

pages = {12-36},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Coal weathering and laboratory (artificial) oxidation have been topics of much discussion and extensive research since over a century ago, as they cause a profound effect on the chemistry of coal and its technological properties and as they induce distinct and irreversible changes to coal macromolecular structure. This article focuses on the effect of coal weathering and laboratory (artificial) oxidation on the microscopic appearance of coal, its microstructure as well as coal optical properties. The coal petrographic effects of in situ weathering and laboratory oxidation have been a topic of research within the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP) for years and involve discoloration of macerals, formation of oxidation rims, and changes in polishing relief with formation of micropores, microcracks, and microfissures. Regarding oxidation rims, their presence as a result of in situ weathering and laboratory oxidation is petrographically well documented. Vitrinite reflectance measured on weathered or artificially oxidised coals of different ranks exhibits a differential trend, depending on conditions such as temperature and duration of exposure. Also, the decline of fluorescence intensity has been reported for these coals. In addition to the overview of coal petrographic oxidation features of weathered and laboratory oxidised coals at ambient to low-temperature conditions, the influence of these processes on coal chemical, physical, and technological properties has been discussed. Previous investigations have shown that coal weathering and laboratory (artificial) oxidation affect the suitability of coal for technological uses and provide self-heating or spontaneous combustion risk to fossil resources in coal deposits, in open-air storage facilities and discard dumps, silos, and bunkers. Oxidation also affects coal transport facilities, preparation and processing techniques, as well as, the prediction of coal combustion and carbonisation behaviour, changing cokemaking requirements. It has been similarly shown in numerous research programs and investigations that it poses a detrimental effect on coal liquefaction, gasification and manufacturing of coal-based carbon materials. In addition, low-temperature oxidation is considered a primary source of heat, leading to self-heating and uncontrolled spontaneous combustion. Further, the review provides a broad overview of practical importance of coal weathering and coal oxidation research to coal conversion technologies and final coal utilization products, supported by numerous laboratory investigations. The article presents also a short summary of optical microscopy and non-optical microscopy methods applied to identify coal weathering and laboratory (artificial) oxidation. It is hoped that issues raised in the review article will enhance further debates and novel ideas in coal and coal-related research. © 2016},

note = {37},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84999040023,

title = {Classification of liptinite – ICCP System 1994},

author = { W. Pickel and J. Kus and D. Flores and S. Kalaitzidis and K. Christanis and B.J. Cardott and M. Misz-Kennan and S. Rodrigues and A. Hentschel and M. Hámor-Vidó and P.J. Crosdale and N.J. Wagner},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84999040023&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2016.11.004&partnerID=40&md5=bc393b6bcac72d2d07ec56d0130171a7},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2016.11.004},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {169},

pages = {40-61},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The liptinite maceral group has been revised by ICCP in accordance with the ICCP System 1994. After the revision of the classifications of vitrinite (ICCP; 1998), inertinite, (ICCP; 2001) and huminite (Sykorova et al.; 2005) this liptinite classification completes the revised ICCP maceral group classifications. These classifications are collectively referred to as the “ICCP System 1994”. In contrast to the previous ICCP Stopes Heerlen (ICCP; 1963; 1971; 1975; 1993) this new classification system is applicable to coal of all ranks and dispersed organic matter. The classification as presented here was accepted in the ICCP Plenary Session on September 11, 2015 at the ICCP Meeting in Potsdam. The decision to publish this classification in the recent form was accepted at the ICCP Plenary Session on September 23, 2016 in Houston. © 2016 The Authors},

note = {372},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84995554168,

title = {Molecular tracers preserved in Lower Jurassic “Blanowice brown coals” from southern Poland at the onset of coalification: Organic geochemical and petrological characteristics},

author = { M. Rybicki and L. Marynowski and M. Misz-Kennan and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84995554168&doi=10.1016%2fj.orggeochem.2016.09.012&partnerID=40&md5=ea86b5bdd29f4e9f33514cdc2d375fd7},

doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2016.09.012},

issn = {01466380},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Organic Geochemistry},

volume = {102},

pages = {77-92},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {The petrographic and molecular characteristics of the Pliensbachian–Toarcian “Blanowice brown coals” and associated sediments are described. These coals are generally dominated by vitrain macerals, although in one sample the inertinite is > 60%. This is interpreted as a result of wildfire or peat fire activity which was confirmed by the co-occurrence of charcoal fragments and elevated relative concentrations of unsubstituted PAHs in the samples. Vitrinite reflectance values are in the range of 0.49–0.56 %Ro and the C content varies from 30.3–61.9%, placing the coals within the sub-bituminous coal group. However, detailed characterization of coal extracts revealed their highly immature character, based on the occurrence of phenolic abietanes such as ferruginol, sugiol and 7-oxototarol, as well as other biomolecules including labdanoic acid, cholesterol and sitosterol. This is one of the first descriptions of natural product compounds in Jurassic sedimentary rocks. Moreover, in addition to typical lignin decomposition products, dicarboxylic acids with a preponderance of succinic acid were identified. To the best of our knowledge free dicarboxylic acids have not been reported previously from coal extracts. These acids are characteristic resin constituents. We speculate that a low (ca. 40–50 °C), but long-term, temperature influence led to an increased vitrinite reflectance values ca. 0.55 %Ro, with only minor changes to the composition of unstable biomarkers and biomolecules. Moreover, the resin matrix could protect unstable compounds against geochemical structural alteration. Vitrinite reflectance values may also be elevated due to oxidation which caused paler in colour reaction rims. The presence of phenolic abietanes and the absence of abietic and dehydroabietic acids suggest that the Cupressaceae and/or Podocarpaceae families were the most likely peat-forming plant species. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84964990282,

title = {Organic matter in upper Albian marine sediments in the High-Tatric units, central western Carpathians related to Oceanic Anoxic Event 1d-Geochemistry, microfacies and palynology},

author = { K. Bąk and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Bąk and M. Misz-Kennan and M. Zielińska and P. Dulemba and T. Bryndal and B. Naglik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84964990282&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2016.04.041&partnerID=40&md5=7c172e531fd8ecd7b45e8d565ff8c2b8},

doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.04.041},

issn = {00310182},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},

volume = {454},

pages = {212-227},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {A multidisciplinary study of upper Albian hemipelagic sediments related to the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1d (OAE1d) from the High-Tatric units (central western Carpathians; Polish part of the Tatra Mountains) was undertaken to characterize organic matter (OM) and to investigate its origin. Microfacies and palynological records combined with mineralogical and geochemical data from these sediments show the occurrence of both marine and land-derived OM in the limestone and marl successions whose deposition corresponds to the Parathalmanninella apenninica Zone in the late Albian. Both types of OM were strongly degraded under the oxic conditions that prevailed during the entire time of their deposition. The sedimentation of marls with low contents of total organic carbon (< 0.24%), dominated by land-derived OM, occurred during the final phase of OAE1d. It was probably related to a sudden change in the circulation pattern at the margins of the Tatric-Zliechov sedimentary basin connected with a sea-level rise. The coastal upwelling along the Tatric Ridge that prevailed during the early late Albian gradually weakened or disappeared and was replaced by a downwelling current flowing from the shallow parts of the basin that transported land-derived OM from nearshore coastal plains. © 2016 Elsevier B.V..},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84963614763,

title = {Preservation of coal-waste geochemical markers in vegetation and soil on self-heating coal-waste dumps in Silesia, Poland},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and M. Misz-Kennan and Ł. Kruszewski and A. Kowalski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84963614763&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemer.2016.04.001&partnerID=40&md5=0b24dd1474c436ed0f636c5e3a262ef4},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemer.2016.04.001},

issn = {00092819},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Chemie der Erde},

volume = {76},

number = {2},

pages = {211-226},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {Occurrence and distributions of geochemical markers on vegetation and in soils covering two self-heating coal waste dumps were investigated with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and compared with those of bitumen expelled on the coal waste dump surface. Presence of biomarkers, alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and such polar compounds as phenols indicate that components of self-heating coal wastes indeed migrate to soils and plants surface and their characteristic fingerprints can be applied in passive monitoring to investigate migration of contaminants from self-heating coal wastes. Moreover, results allow to discriminate between the Upper- and Lower Silesian coal basins, notwithstanding value shifts caused by heating. Mechanisms enabling the migration of geochemical compounds into soils include mixing with weathered coal-waste material, transport in gases emitted due to self-heating and, indirectly, by deposition of biomass containing geochemical substances. Transport in gases involves mostly lighter compounds such as phenols, methylnaphthalenes, methylbiphenyls, etc. Distributions and values of geochemical ratios are related to differences in their boiling temperatures in the case of lighter compounds but preserve geochemical features in the case of heavier compounds such as pentacyclic trierpanes. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85014085847,

title = {Distribution of phenols related to self-heating and water washing on coal-waste dumps and in coaly material from the Bierawka river (Poland)},

author = { Á. Nádudvari and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85014085847&doi=10.1515%2fmipo-2016-0005&partnerID=40&md5=4e2bde5ccd4093b8498a29eb1ee0acac},

doi = {10.1515/mipo-2016-0005},

issn = {18998291},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Mineralogia},

volume = {46},

number = {1-2},

pages = {29-40},

publisher = {De Gruyter Open Ltd},

abstract = {Several types of coal waste (freshly-dumped waste; self-heated waste and waste eroded by rain water), river sediments and river water were sampled. The aim was to identify the types of phenols present on the dumps together with their relative abundances. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses of a large number of samples (234) statistically underpin the phenol distributions in the sample sets. The largest average relative contents (1.17-13.3%) of phenols occur in the self-heated samples. In these, relatively high amounts of phenol, C1- and C2-phenols reflect the thermal destruction of vitrinite. In fresh coal waste, C2- and C3-phenols that originated from the bacterial/fungal degradation and oxidation of vitrinite particles are the most common (0.6 rel.%). Water-washed coal waste and water samples contain lower quantities of phenols. In the river sediments, the phenols present are the result of bacterial- or fungal decay of coaly organic matter or are of industrial origin. © 2015 Ádám Nádudvari et al., published by De Gruyter Open.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85027923674,

title = {Microscopical characterization of carbon materials derived from coal and petroleum and their interaction phenomena in making steel electrodes, anodes and cathode blocks for the Microscopy of Carbon Materials Working Group of the ICCP},

author = { G. Predeanu and C. Panaitescu and M. Bălănescu and G. Bieg and A.G. Borrego and M.A. Diez and P.C. Hackley and B. Kwiecińska and M.M. Marques and M. Mastalerz and M. Misz-Kennan and S. Pusz and I. Suárez-Ruiz and S. Rodrigues and A.K. Singh and A.K. Varma and A. Zdravkov and D. Životić},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85027923674&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2014.07.011&partnerID=40&md5=59d35ee330c6b91eb304715916e3da65},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2014.07.011},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {139},

number = {1},

pages = {63-79},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {This paper describes the evaluation of petrographic textures representing the structural organization of the organic matter derived from coal and petroleum and their interaction phenomena in the making of steel electrodes, anodes and cathode blocks.This work represents the results of the Microscopy of Carbon Materials Working Group in Commission III of the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology between the years 2009 and 2013. The round robin exercises were run on photomicrograph samples. For textural characterization of carbon materials the existing ASTM classification system for metallurgical coke was applied.These round robin exercises involved 15 active participants from 12 laboratories who were asked to assess the coal and petroleum based carbons and to identify the morphological differences, as optical texture (isotropic/anisotropic), optical type (punctiform; mosaic; fibre; ribbon; domain), and size. Four sets of digital black and white microphotographs comprising 151 photos containing 372 fields of different types of organic matter were examined. Based on the unique ability of carbon to form a wide range of textures, the results showed an increased number of carbon occurrences which have crucial role in the chosen industrial applications.The statistical method used to evaluate the results was based on the "raw agreement indices". It gave a new and original view on the analysts' opinion by not only counting the correct answers, but also all of the knowledge and experience of the participants. Comparative analyses of the average values of the level of overall agreement performed by each analyst in the exercises during 2009-2013 showed a great homogeneity in the results, the mean value being 90.36%, with a minimum value of 83% and a maximum value of 95%. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84903433684,

title = {Application of reflectance parameters in the estimation of the structural order of coals and carbonaceous materials. Precision and bias of measurements derived from the ICCP structural working group},

author = { S. Pusz and A.G. Borrego and D. Alvarez and I. Camean and V. du Cann and S. Duber and W. Kalkreuth and J. Komorek and J. Kus and B. Kwiecińska and M. Libera and M.M. Marques and M. Misz-Kennan and R. Morga and S. Rodrigues and Ł. Smędowski and I. Suárez-Ruiz and J. Strzezik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84903433684&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2014.04.004&partnerID=40&md5=fa55994ed4a58ff3507f5b0cb04a2bad},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2014.04.004},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {131},

pages = {147-161},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Optical reflectance of vitrinite is one of the fundamental physical properties that have been used for the study of coal and carbonaceous materials. Organic matter in coals and carbonaceous matter consists mainly of aromatic lamellae, whose dimensions and spatial orientation define its internal structure. Various reflectance parameters describe well the average degree of order of the molecular structure of organic matter. Moreover, reflectance parameters are numerical values which characterize the samples unambiguously, facilitating the comparison of the optical properties of different carbonaceous materials as well as comparison between optical parameters and other physical or chemical factors. The focus of this study is the evaluation of the precision and bias of reflectance measurements (Rmax and Rmin) performed by various analysts in different laboratories in order to check the applicability of reflectance parameters to the estimation of the structural order of coals and carbonaceous materials. Additionally, it was desirable to compare reflectance parameters with other parameters obtained by different analytical methods able to provide structural information. The consistency and repeatability of the reflectance measurements obtained by different participants turned out to enable the drawing of similar conclusions regarding the structural transformation of anthracite during heating. Good correlations were found between the reflectance parameters studied and structural factors obtained by comparative methods. The reflectance parameters examined proved to be very sensitive to any changes of the structural order of coals and carbonaceous materials and seem to be a perfect complement to structural studies made by X-ray diffraction or Raman spectroscopy. © 2014.},

note = {20},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84897048951,

title = {Mineralogy and geochemistry of coal wastes from the Starzykowiec coal-waste dump (Upper Silesia, Poland)},

author = { J. Ciesielczuk and M. Misz-Kennan and J.C. Hower and M.J. Fabiańska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84897048951&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2014.02.007&partnerID=40&md5=c60734e7d3995ef970bef47f47b310a2},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2014.02.007},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {127},

pages = {42-55},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {Coal wastes, the products of coal processing, deposited on dumps can undergo processes of self-heating and self-ignition, causing endogenic fires. Burning coal waste dumps are dangerous for the environment. The coal dump located at the Chwałowice Coal Mine (Upper Silesian Coal Basin; Poland) represents a long-term fire which affected the organic, mineral, and chemical composition of a huge amount of deposited wastes. Collected samples were divided into groups on the basis of kind, on the amount or absence of organic matter content, and on the basis of mineral-phase composition. Chemical composition of examined samples reveals heating/combustion processes in altered coal wastes. The organic matter present in the coal wastes changes through the following processes, all causing changes in C, N, O, and H content: (1) organic matter oxidation, (2) organic matter devolatilization, and (3) coke formation. Two processes alter the mineral phases and change the chemical composition of the combusting wastes: (4) mineral phase oxidation (e.g. pyrite and marcasite oxidation to Fe2O3) and (5) mineral dehydration (H2O or OH groups are released from clay minerals and micas). The latter are followed by isochemical processes: (6) mineral structure rebuilding while heating (enantiotropic transformations of e.g. SiO2) and (7) metastable phase formation. Processes 6 and 7 can change the chemistry of deposited wastes through (8) the formation of high-temperature minerals in combustion process (e.g. mullite) and (9) mineral crystallization from melt (e.g. indialite). After dump quenching, some minerals can become unstable because of (10) weathering processes. The behavior of trace elements is also strictly connected with the behavior of mineral phases which have undergone the burning processes. Most of them appear to stay unchanged. Moreover, organic matter content does not generally influence their concentration. Although the combustion processes are so spontaneous that their products cannot be predicted in all details, some dependence between chemical composition of the sample and its location within the dump or after burning were found. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {41},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84884209477,

title = {Gaseous compounds and efflorescences generated in self-heating coal-waste dumps - A case study from the Upper and Lower Silesian Coal Basins (Poland)},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and J. Ciesielczuk and Ł. Kruszewski and M. Misz-Kennan and D.R. Blake and G.B. Stracher and I. Moszumańska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84884209477&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2013.05.002&partnerID=40&md5=19e363e3897d958a9699db400b7f838b},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2013.05.002},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {116-117},

pages = {247-261},

abstract = {Gases emitted in coal waste self-heating and efflorescences blooming around fissures of coal waste dumps of the Upper and Lower Silesian Coal Basins were investigated. Gas chromatography (GC-FID) and charcoal tubes were applied for gas emissions, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for organic fraction of blooms, and X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy for inorganic efflorescences. The results show that coal waste dump gases contain a wide range of inorganic and organic compounds that are highly variable in their occurrence and concentrations, even in samples from the same dumps or the same coal basin. Chemical composition of self-heating products is related to source organic matter characteristics, composition and amount of coal waste material deposited on individual dumps, time and temperature range of the self-heating, composition and temperature of gas jets and condition variations at different depths. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide dominate in all gases, with additional components such as carbonyl sulphide, carbon disulphide, methane, light n-alkanes, n-alkenes, iso-alkanes, cyclic alkanes, chloroform, and benzene and its alkyl derivatives. Efflorescences blooming at vents and fissures at all sampling sites differ greatly in their phases, amounts, and chemical compositions, with organic blooms including phenanthrene (ravatite), phthalimide (kladnoite), and 9,10-antraquinone (hoelite) found only in one of the dumps. They are accompanied by salammoniac and native sulphur which are ubiquitous at a newly formed vents as in coal waste dumps with long time range of self-heating. Self-heating leads to the synthesis of new components such as unsaturated hydrocarbons, sulphides, chloroform, and phthalimide (kladnoite), for which formation mechanism is proposed in the paper. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {54},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84883289825,

title = {Macrinite forms in Pennsylvanian coals},

author = { J.C. Hower and M. Misz-Kennan and J.M.K. O'Keefe and M. Mastalerz and C.F. Eble and T.M. Garrison and M.N. Johnston and J.D. Stucker},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84883289825&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2013.07.017&partnerID=40&md5=b017920c2e811dc1adae7218c561292c},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2013.07.017},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {116-117},

pages = {172-181},

abstract = {Fungi are not as evident in Pennsylvanian coals as in younger Mesozoic or Cenozoic coals, however macerals formed through the interaction of fungi with woody and herbaceous precursors do occur. One example of this is in some forms of the maceral macrinite. This study analyzes macrinite forms from geographically distinct Pennsylvanian coals. The macrinite observed in this study is characterized by the presence of inclusions of other detrital macerals, indicative of ingestion and excretion, similar to that documented in macrinite of younger coals. This suggests that, while not all ecologic niches in the Pennsylvanian were filled in the same manner as in younger settings, similar processes (implying similar types of interactions between fungi; bacteria; and fauna) were producing similar products. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {26},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84873988153,

title = {Biomarkers and aromatic hydrocarbons in bituminous coals of Upper Silesian Coal Basin: Example from 405 coal seam of the Zaleskie Beds (Poland)},

author = { M.J. Fabiańska and S.R. Ćmiel and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84873988153&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2012.08.003&partnerID=40&md5=a644e35d3adc12c9d158e1b100853593},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2012.08.003},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {107},

pages = {96-111},

abstract = {This paper presents the geochemical characteristics of hard coals from the 405 coal seam found in several mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland). The coals, classifying as of medial coalification, types D and C, and as para- and orthobituminous coals, show variable technical, chemical and petrographic properties. Vitrinite reflectance values range from 0.65 to 1.24%, Cdaf from 79.2 to 88.3wt.%, and Vdaf from 23.7 to 37.4wt.%. Maceral composition in all of the coals studied is dominated by vitrinite macerals (43.5-74.0%). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to assess organic-matter sources and ranks, using several biomarker- and aromatic-hydrocarbon parameters. Distributions of n-alkanes, acyclic isoprenoids, diterpenoids, steranes and triaromatic steroids indicate that the organic matter in the coals analysed is derived mostly from terrestrial vascular plants. The biogenic organic matter was deposited mostly in an estuarine/deltaic environment with a normal- to low water level. In a few cases, a marine/lagoonal- or paludal environment is possible. Tetracyclic diterpanes such as phyllocladanes and kauranes, indicators of the Podocarpaceae and Araucariceae families, are explained by proposing input of organic matter deriving from Voltziales plants which may have been able to synthesise these compounds. Biomarker and aromatic-hydrocarbon parameters of thermal maturity in the coals show a clear correlation to vitrinite reflectance values and carbon content, indicating degrees of thermal maturity in the range from early- to advanced catagenesis. Frictional heat related to the Klodnica fault movement caused aberrations in values of aromatic-hydrocarbon maturity parameters in coals sampled <0.5m from the fault plane. In this last context, unchanged reflectance values testify to the more sensitive response of the geochemical parameters when compared to that of commonly applied petrographic parameters. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {38},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-80053617896,

title = {Application of organic petrology and geochemistry to coal waste studies},

author = { M. Misz-Kennan and M.J. Fabiańska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80053617896&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2011.07.001&partnerID=40&md5=5970353d61ba8c91af0d1b3e752e4337},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2011.07.001},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {88},

number = {1},

pages = {1-23},

abstract = {Coal wastes produced during mining activities are commonly deposited in nearby dumps. These wastes mostly composed of minerals and variable amounts (usually 20-30%) of organic matter start to weather immediately after deposition. Oxidation of the organic matter can lead to self heating and self combustion as a result of organic and mineral matter transformations. The degree of alteration depends on the properties of the wastes, i.e., the maceral and microlithotype composition of the organic matter and its rank.Alteration of wastes also depends on the heating history, i.e., the rate of heating, final heating temperature, duration of heating, and the degree of air access. Although air is probably necessary to initiate and drive the heating processes, these usually take place under relatively oxygen depleted conditions. With slow heating, color of organic matter particles changes, irregular cracks and oxidation rims develop around edges and cracks, and bitumen is expelled. As a result, massive and detritic isotropic and strongly altered organic matter forms. On the other hand, higher heating rates cause the formation of devolatilization pores, oxidation rims around these pores and along cracks, vitrinite-bands-mantling particles, and bitumen expulsions.Organic compounds generated from the wastes include n-alkanes, iso-alkanes, alkylcyclohexanes, acyclic isoprenoids, mainly pristane, phytane and, in some cases, farnesane, sesquiterpanes, tri- and tetracyclic diterpanes, tri- and pentacyclic triterpanes, and steranes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (mostly with two- to five rings; rarely six rings), and phenols. The compounds formed change during the heating history. The fact that phenols are found in dumps where heating has not yet been completed, but are absent in those where heating ceased previously suggests the presence of water washing. The organic compounds formed may migrate within the dumps. However, when they migrate out of the dumps, they become a hazard to environment.This paper is a review on transformations of organic matter (both maceral composition and reflectance and chemical composition) in coal wastes deposited in coal waste dumps. Immediately after deposition the wastes are exposed to weathering conditions and sometimes undergo self heating processes. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {68},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77956186890,

title = {Simulated water-washing of organic compounds from self-heated coal wastes of the Rymer Cones Dump (Upper Silesia Coal Region, Poland)},

author = { U. Skręt and M.J. Fabiańska and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77956186890&doi=10.1016%2fj.orggeochem.2010.04.010&partnerID=40&md5=0f1b2206b372f03ffcdaa0161ab129e0},

doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2010.04.010},

issn = {01466380},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Organic Geochemistry},

volume = {41},

number = {9},

pages = {1009-1012},

abstract = {The products of coal waste self-heating were investigated as potential contaminants of groundwater. Simulated water-washing was carried out to establish the types of compounds leached from coal wastes. The results indicate that it is primarily phenols, hydroxybiphenyls, anilines, quinolines and lower molecular weight (MW) polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are transferred to the water phase. Compounds retaining the molecular structure of a parent-lignin coniferyl unit seem to be good indicators of pyrolysate component leaching. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.},

note = {17},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77950630415,

title = {The procedure used to develop a coal char classification-Commission III Combustion Working Group of the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology},

author = { E. Lester and D. Alvarez and A.G. Borrego and B. Valentim and D. Flores and D.A. Clift and P. Rosenberg and B. Kwiecińska and R. Barranco and H.I. Petersen and M. Mastalerz and K.S. Milenkova and C. Panaitescu and M.M. Marques and A. Thompson and D. Watts and S. Hanson and G. Predeanu and M. Misz-Kennan and T. Wu},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77950630415&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2009.10.015&partnerID=40&md5=18462847315dc1206ab516a5fdddbead},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2009.10.015},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {81},

number = {4},

pages = {333-342},

abstract = {This paper describes an assessment of char classification system by the Combustion Working Group in Commission III of the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP). The work of the group culminated in the production of a char atlas after a final round robin exercise. This round robin involved 21 analysts and was an electronic exercise using digitally captured images of individual char particles, rather than actual char blocks. A software program featuring 170 char images was specifically designed to allow operators to identify each char based on a classification system with 9 individual char types; tenuisphere, crassisphere, tenuinetwork, crassinetwork, mixed porous, mixed dense, fusinoid, solid and mineroid.The program electronically recorded all decisions as well as the time taken for each decision to be made. From 170 chars, 128 chars were identified by a majority (>70%) and these chars were then compiled in a char atlas that is now available for download (www.nottingham.ac.uk/~eczehl/charatlas).As would be expected all analysts appeared to become more confident in identifying chars during the exercise, taking less time per image, but with no clear evidence of improvement. Without exception, analysts took longer to make an incorrect decision. © 2009 ICCP.},

note = {60},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77950628980,

title = {Thermal transformation of organic matter in coal waste from Rymer Cones (Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland)},

author = { M. Misz-Kennan and M.J. Fabiańska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77950628980&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2009.08.009&partnerID=40&md5=020a5fec182353a33e7fab6893f82a7c},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2009.08.009},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {81},

number = {4},

pages = {343-358},

abstract = {Coal wastes produced at various stages of coal mining, washing and deposition on dumps are a source of many pollutants. In some cases, the dumped coal waste undergoes self-heating and self-combustion processes that reflect the properties of the organic matter present (maceral composition and rank) and the history of heating (rate; time and temperature of heating). In the examination of the coal wastes from the Rymer Cones dump, petrographic- and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques were used to provide different sets of complementary data. Unaltered- and variably-altered macerals (mostly vitrinite) characterise the investigated material. Vitrinite of elevated reflectance and massive coke particles indicate that the rate of heating was low and that the availability of air was very limited; heating took place under pyrolytic conditions. Irregular cracks in particles probably also resulted from slow heating. The temperature of the heating processes, dynamically changing in time and place throughout the dump, led to chemical changes in organic matter such as the formation of phenols and their derivatives, and alteration in distributions of n-alkanes, hopanes and moretanes and polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) occurring in pyrolysates. Some of these compounds formed as a result of the thermal destruction of liptinite and vitrinite macerals at various temperatures and migrated from within the dump. The changes that occurred within the dump are also reflected in values of geochemical parameters based on the same compounds, such as CPI, Ts/(Ts. +. Tm), MNR, DNR, TNR-1, TNR-2. Lighter compounds were probably released into the atmosphere and others, especially phenols that are easily soluble in water and PAHs, were most probably leached into deeper parts of the dump and even into underground waters since they are absent in some samples or significantly decreased in concentration. These processes probably still continue - it is this fact that creates a potential hazard to the environment. © 2009 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {59},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-79959704433,

title = {Thermal alterations of organic matter in coal wastes from Upper Silesia, Poland},

author = { M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79959704433&doi=10.2478%2fv10002-010-0001-4&partnerID=40&md5=656a046fcaf3b89c44e2df3bdad3d90d},

doi = {10.2478/v10002-010-0001-4},

issn = {18998291},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Mineralogia},

volume = {41},

number = {3-4},

pages = {105-236},

abstract = {Self-heating and self-combustion are currently taking place in some coal waste dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland, e.g. the dumps at Rymer Cones, Starzykowiec, and the Marcel Coal Mine, all in the Rybnik area. These dumps are of similar age and self-heating and combustion have been occurring in all three for many years. The tools of organic petrography (maceral composition; rank; etc.), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and proximate and ultimate analysis are used to investigate the wastes.Organic matter occurs in quantities up to 85 vol.%, typically a few to several vol.%, in the wastes. All three maceral groups (vitrinite; liptinite; and inertinite) are present as unaltered and variously-altered constituents associated with newly-formed petrographic components (bitumen expulsions; pyrolytic carbon). The predominant maceral group is vitrinite with alterations reflected in the presence of irregular cracks, oxidation rims and, rarely, devolatilisation pores. In altered wastes, paler grey-vitrinite and/or coke dominates. The lack of plasticity, the presence of paler-coloured particles, isotropic massive coke, dispersed coked organic matter, and expulsions of bitumens all indicate that heating was slow and extended over a long time. Macerals belonging to other groups are present in unaltered form or with colours paler than the colours of the parent macerals.Based on the relative contents of organic compounds, the most important groups of these identified in the wastes are n-alkanes, acyclic isoprenoids, hopanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, phenol and its derivatives. These compounds occur in all wastes except those most highly altered where they were probably destroyed by high temperatures. These compounds were generated mainly from liptinite-group macerals. Driven by evaporation and leaching, they migrated within and out of the dump. Their presence in some wastes in which microscopically visible organic matter is lacking suggests that they originated elsewhere and subsequently migrated through the dump piles. During their migration, the compounds fractionated, were adsorbed on minerals and/or interacted.The absence of alkenes, and of other unsaturated organic compounds, may reflect primary diagenetic processes that occurred in coals and coal shales during burial and/or organic matter type. Their absence may also be a consequence of heating that lasted many years, hydropyrolysis, and/or the participation of minerals in the reactions occurring within the dumps. The wastes contain compounds typical of organic matter of unaltered kerogen III type and the products of pyrolytic processes, and mixtures of both. In some wastes, organic compounds are completely absent having been destroyed by severe heating.The distributions of n-alkanes in many samples are typical of pyrolysates. In some wastes, narrow n-alkane distributions reflect their generation over small temperature ranges. In others, wider distributions point to greater temperature ranges. Other wastes contain n-alkane distributions typical of unaltered coal and high pristane content or mixtures of pyrolysates and unaltered waste material. The wastes also contain significant amounts of final αβ hopanes. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are represented only by two- to five-ring compounds as is typical of the thermal alteration of hard coal.Correlations between the degree of organic matter alteration and the relative contents of individual PAHs and hopanes and geochemical indicators of thermal alteration are generally poor. The properties of the organic matter (its composition and rank), temperature fluctuations within the dumps, migration of organic compounds and mineral involvement are probably responsible for this.The processes taking place in coal waste dumps undergoing self-heating and self-combustion are complicated; they are very difficult to estimate and define. The methods of organic petrology and geochemistry give complementary data allowing the processes to be described. However, each of the dumps investigated represents a separate challenge to be surmounted in any regional attempt to delineate the regional environmental impact of these waste dumps.},

note = {27},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-67349093249,

title = {Heavy metals in mycorrhizal rhizospheres contaminated by Zn-Pb mining and smelting around olkusz in Southern Poland},

author = { J. Cabała and P. Krupa and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-67349093249&doi=10.1007%2fs11270-008-9866-x&partnerID=40&md5=b24a8da4d40e0be3d24f41799fd40a90},

doi = {10.1007/s11270-008-9866-x},

issn = {00496979},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Water, Air, and Soil Pollution},

volume = {199},

number = {1-4},

pages = {139-149},

abstract = {Soils in areas of mining and smelting of Pb-Zn ores in Southern Poland are strongly enriched in heavy metals (Zn; Pb; Fe; Cd; Tl; As). The highest concentrations of Zn (<55;506 mg kg-1), Pb (<8;262 mg kg -1), Cd (<220 mg kg-1) and Tl (<67 mg kg -1) are linked to the fine fractions of upper soil layers in sites contaminated by past exploitation and processing of ores. The high stress of metals, and the negative influence of acid waste drainage has limited the development of flora and fauna in these areas. The increasing ability of plants to grow is due to the positive symbiotic action of fungi and bacteria. The mycorrhizal communities were identified in rhizospheres rich in unstable Zn-Pb-Fe sulphides such as sphalerite, galena, pyrite and marcasite and carbonates of Zn (smithsonite) and Pb (cerussite). They occur in associations with sulphates, e.g., gypsum. In parts of fungi, secondary mineral phases containing Zn, Pb, Fe and Mn occur. Metal-bearing aggregates formed during symbiotic action between myccorhiza and bacteria connected with them. They enhance the binding of bio-available ions of Zn, Pb and Mn in the most unstable phases. Metal contents in the mycorrhizal parts of the rhizospheric soils were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Mineralogical investigations involved X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},

note = {45},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-34249021472,

title = {Organic components in thermally altered coal waste: Preliminary petrographic and geochemical investigations},

author = { M. Misz-Kennan and M.J. Fabiańska and S.R. Ćmiel},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-34249021472&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2006.08.009&partnerID=40&md5=853a5faa69a918960d5b05240174f950},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2006.08.009},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {71},

number = {4},

pages = {405-424},

abstract = {The petrographic and geochemical composition of coal wastes exposed to fire in the minestone dump of Piekary Ślą1skie town (Upper Silesia; Poland) was investigated using samples collected at various distances from a recent fire site. The question as to whether geochemical biomarker maturity parameters could be applied to assess thermal changes in organic matter caused by waste dump fires, was examined using the data obtained. Geochemical parameters were correlated with observed petrographic changes in the organic matter caused by oxidation and heating. Petrographic analyses included the determination of maceral group contents (vitrinite; liptinite and inertinite), mineral matter and coke contents, and reflectance measurements on organic matter. All results were supported by proximate and ultimate analyses. Geochemical analysis included ultrasonic solvent extraction of bitumen followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of the extracts. In petrographic terms, the influence of heating was seen in reflectance variations and as oxidation rims, cracks, pores and coke development. Some zoned oxidation rims may be interpreted as re-heating episodes. In terms of chemical fingerprints, less thermally-stable compounds such as lighter n-alkanes, cyclic isoprenoids, methyl- and dimethylnaphthalenes, methyphenanthrenes and five-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were destroyed or evaporated in the most fire-affected material. The presence/absence of particular compound groups was used to assess heating temperatures. Biomarker parameters of thermal maturity were used to assess alterations in organic matter around the waste dump fires, especially those indices and ratios with higher maturity ranges, e.g. (3-methylbiphenyl + 4-methylbiphenyl)/dibenzofurane and Σdimethylbiphenyls/Σmethyldibenzofuranes. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {45},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33748887298,

title = {Influence of particle and surface quality on the vitrinite reflectance of dispersed organic matter: Comparative exercise using data from the qualifying system for reflectance analysis working group of ICCP},

author = { A.G. Borrego and C.V. Araujo and A. Balke and B.J. Cardott and A.C. Cook and P. David and D. Flores and M. Hámor-Vidó and W. Hiltmann and W. Kalkreuth and J. Koch and C.J. Kommeren and J. Kus and B. Ligouis and M.M. Marques and J.G. Mendonça Filho and M. Misz-Kennan and L. Oliveira and W. Pickel and K. Reimer and P. Ranasinghe and I. Suárez-Ruiz and A. Vieth},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33748887298&doi=10.1016%2fj.coal.2006.02.002&partnerID=40&md5=e7440e86eaf1ec18fde9014845b4c9eb},

doi = {10.1016/j.coal.2006.02.002},

issn = {01665162},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Coal Geology},

volume = {68},

number = {3-4},

pages = {151-170},

abstract = {The development of a qualifying system for reflectance analysis has been the scope of a working group within the International Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology (ICCP) since 1999, when J. Koch presented a system to qualify vitrinite particles according to their size, proximity to bright components and homogeneity of the surface. After some years of work aimed at improving the classification system using photomicrographs, it was decided to run a round robin exercise on microscopy samples. The classification system tested consists of three qualifiers ranging from excellent to low quality vitrinites with an additional option for unsuitable vitrinites. This paper reports on the results obtained by 22 analysts who were asked to measure random reflectance readings on vitrinite particles assigning to each reading a qualifier. Four samples containing different organic matter types and a variety of vitrinite occurrences have been analysed. Results indicated that the reflectance of particles classified as excellent, good or poor compared to the total average reflectance did not show trends to be systematically lower or higher for the four samples analysed. The differences in reflectance between the qualifiers for any given sample were lower than the scatter of vitrinite reflectance among participants. Overall, satisfactory results were obtained in determining the reflectance of vitrinite in the four samples analysed. This was so for samples having abundant and easy to identify vitrinites (higher plant-derived organic matter) as well as for samples with scarce and difficult to identify particles (samples with dominant marine-derived organic matter). The highest discrepancies were found for the organic-rich oil shales where the selection of the vitrinite population to measure proved to be particularly difficult. Special instructions should be provided for the analysis of this sort of samples. The certainty of identification of the vitrinite associated with the vitrinite reflectance values reported has been assessed through a reliability index which takes into account the number of readings and the coefficient of variation. The same statistical approach as that followed in the ICCP vitrinite reflectance accreditation program for single seam coals has been used for data evaluation. The results indicated low to medium dispersion for 17 out of 22 participants. This, combined with data from other sets of comparative analyses over a long period, is considered an encouraging result for the establishment of an accreditation program on vitrinite reflectance measurements in dispersed organic matter. © 2006 ICCP.},

note = {29},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0036996228,

title = {Composition and morphology of organic and mineral matter in fly ash derived from bituminous coal combusted in the Bȩdzin Power Station (Poland)},

author = { D. Smołka-Danielowska and M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0036996228&partnerID=40&md5=6653caa02a038c945dafe671b8283795},

issn = {15079791},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Polish Geological Institute Special Papers},

volume = {7},

pages = {237-244},

abstract = {Fly ash particles formed during coal combustion are composed entirely of organic or/and mineral matter. The proportions of the two components depends on combustion conditions and the presence of minerals in feed coal particles. The aims of this paper are the classification of char morphologies, the quantification of the inert- and semiinert components, and the characterisation of the morphologies and compositions of mineral particles in fly ash from Bedzin Power Station, Poland. Various char morphologies are presented and their distribution in individual pulverised fuel boilers is discussed as are the morphologies of mineral particles and the distribution of major and minor elements in different size fractions of fly ash.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0036990488,

title = {Morphological forms of chars in slag and fly ash from the Bȩdzin Power Station, Upper Silesia, Poland},

author = { M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0036990488&partnerID=40&md5=b0a6750a0db5ede2080928a00c6c9139},

issn = {15079791},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Polish Geological Institute Special Papers},

volume = {7},

pages = {189-198},

abstract = {Combustion of coal is still one of the main sources of energy and electricity in Poland. For cost reasons, and because of the need to protect the environment, it is important to use coal as efficiently as possible. One of the indicators of coal combustion efficiency is the amount of unburned organic matter in slag and fly ash. This organic matter occurs in different morphological forms. This paper provides an overview of the char morphological forms found in slag and fly ash from selected boilers installed in Bȩdzin Power Station (Poland). The relative quantities of particular morphological forms are compared with the maceral composition of the feed coal. The aim is the better understanding of the influence that maceral composition has on combustion performance.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0036642848,

title = {Comparison of chars in slag and fly ash as formed in pf boilers from Bedzin Power Station (Poland)},

author = { M. Misz-Kennan},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0036642848&doi=10.1016%2fS0016-2361%2802%2900022-4&partnerID=40&md5=d8277689ec3e51c040c32fc4fe38fd78},

doi = {10.1016/S0016-2361(02)00022-4},

issn = {00162361},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Fuel},

volume = {81},

number = {10},

pages = {1351-1358},

abstract = {The amount of unburned organic matter in solid residues from coal combustion process is one of the indicators of the process and may influence their usage as by products. During the examination of slag and fly ash from Bedzin Power Station (Poland) the following forms of unburned coal were distinguished: crassispheres, tenuispheres, isotropic and anisotropic networks, tenuinetworks, honeycombs, inertinite and detritus. Slag characterises higher crassispheres and networks contents while high detritus contents are typical of fly ash. Spheres content in both slag and fly ash is always lower than vitrinite content in the feed coal. Fusinite content in the feed coal is lower than inertinite content in the solid residues. Other inertinite macerals probably participated in the formation of honeycombs. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},

note = {17},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-17344377028,

title = {The cooccurrence of inorganic and carbonaceous matter in fly ash samples from stoker boilers},

author = { M. Misz-Kennan and D. Smołka-Danielowska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-17344377028&doi=10.1016%2fS0378-3820%2802%2900039-5&partnerID=40&md5=a29e7b7d4e1911b0429947b4e85116cf},

doi = {10.1016/S0378-3820(02)00039-5},

issn = {03783820},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Fuel Processing Technology},

volume = {77-78},

pages = {269-274},

abstract = {Coal combustion in stoker boilers is characterized by the low rate and long time of combustion and the biggest size of coal feed grains. Several types of cooccurrence of chars and transformed inorganic matter were distinguished. Minute (<1 μm) inorganic particles are disseminated within chars. Bigger (over 2 μm) particles are stuck to char walls and pores and also sometimes occur within pores. In some cases, they are also stuck into char walls in such big quantities that carbonaceous matter is almost invisible and acts as a binding material. Thin (<1-3 μm) inorganic matter layer coat external char walls or walls of internal pores. Inorganic matter can also be intermixed with chars and next resolidified. The individual types of cooccurrence are dependent on coal plasticity and mineral matter behaviour during combustion. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}