@article{2-s2.0-85182449811,

title = {Phaseolus vulgaris mutants reveal variation in the nuclear genome},

author = { N.B. Tomlekova and D. Idziak-Helmcke and P. Franke and M. Rojek-Jelonek and J. Kwaśniewska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85182449811&doi=10.3389%2ffpls.2023.1308830&partnerID=40&md5=127d1d9cf9486b4ffecc9560104be662},

doi = {10.3389/fpls.2023.1308830},

issn = {1664462X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},

volume = {14},

publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},

abstract = {Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean) is an essential source of proteins in the human diet worldwide. Bean breeding programs to increase genetic diversity based on induced mutagenesis have a long tradition in Bulgaria. Common bean varieties with high productivity, wide environmental adaptability, good nutritional properties, and improved disease resistance have been successfully developed. In this study, we aimed to investigate selected nuclear genome features, such as the genome size, the number and chromosomal distribution of 5S and 35S rDNA loci by using the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), as well as the level of DNA damage in some local Bulgarian accessions and mutants of P. vulgaris. Flow cytometry analyses revealed no significant differences in genome size between analyzed lines except for one of the analyzed mutants, M19. The value of genome size 2C DNA is about 1.37 pg2C -1 for all lines, whereas it is 1.42 pg2C-1 for M19. The chromosome number remains the same (2n=22) for all analyzed lines. Results of FISH analyses showed that the number of 5S rDNA was stable among accessions and mutant lines (four loci), while the number of 35S rDNA loci was shown as highly polymorphic, varying between ten and sixteen, and displaying differences in the size and location of 35S rDNA loci between analyzed genotypes. The cell cycle profile was different for the analyzed genotypes. The results revealed that wide variation in genome organization and size as well as DNA damage characterizes the analyzed genetic resources of the common bean. Copyright © 2024 Tomlekova, Idziak-Helmcke, Franke, Rojek-Jelonek and Kwasniewska.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85132104188,

title = {Unraveling the DNA Methylation in the rDNA Foci in Mutagen-Induced Brachypodium distachyon Micronuclei},

author = { A.W. Bara-Halama and D. Idziak-Helmcke and J. Kwaśniewska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85132104188&doi=10.3390%2fijms23126797&partnerID=40&md5=c00a2c7c8f2b040a71ae078f29684e7e},

doi = {10.3390/ijms23126797},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {23},

number = {12},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Many years have passed since micronuclei were first observed then accepted as an indicator of the effect of mutagens. However, the possible mechanisms of their formation and elimination from the cell are still not fully understood. Various stresses, including mutagens, can alter gene expression through changes in DNA methylation in plants. In this study we demonstrate for the first time DNA methylation in the foci of 5S and 35S rDNA sequences in individual Brachypodium distachyon micronuclei that are induced by mutagenic treatment with maleic acid hydrazide (MH). The impact of MH on global epigenetic modifications in nuclei and micronuclei has been studied in plants before; however, no in situ analyses of DNA methylation in specific DNA sequence sites are known. To address this problem, we used sequential immunodetection of 5-methylcytosine and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 5S and 25S rDNA probes on the non-dividing cells of B. distachyon. Such investigations into the presence or absence of DNA methylation within specific DNA sequences are extremely important in plant mutagenesis in the light of altering gene expression. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85123279015,

title = {Plant Cytogenetics in the Micronuclei Investigation—The Past, Current Status, and Perspectives},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and A.W. Bara},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85123279015&doi=10.3390%2fijms23031306&partnerID=40&md5=a97daa78a338c883d2e26227375b70b7},

doi = {10.3390/ijms23031306},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {23},

number = {3},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {Cytogenetic approaches play an essential role as a quick evaluation of the first genetic effects after mutagenic treatment. Although labor-intensive and time-consuming, they are essential for the analyses of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in mutagenesis and environmental monitoring. Over the years, conventional cytogenetic analyses were a part of routine laboratory testing in plant genotoxicity. Among the methods that are used to study genotoxicity in plants, the micronucleus test particularly represents a significant force. Currently, cytogenetic techniques go beyond the simple detection of chromosome aberrations. The intensive development of molecular biology and the significantly improved microscopic visualization and evaluation methods constituted significant support to traditional cytogenetics. Over the past years, distinct approaches have allowed an understanding the mechanisms of formation, structure, and genetic activity of the micronuclei. Although there are many studies on this topic in humans and animals, knowledge in plants is significantly limited. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on micronuclei characteristics in plants. We pay particular attention to how the recent contemporary achievements have influenced the understanding of micronuclei in plant cells. Together with the current progress, we present the latest applications of the micronucleus test in mutagenesis and assess the state of the environment. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85110027459,

title = {3,4‐dehydro‐l‐proline induces programmed cell death in the roots of brachypodium distachyon},

author = { A. Piński and A. Betekhtin and J. Kwaśniewska and Ł. Chajec and E.A. Wolny and R. Hasterok},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85110027459&doi=10.3390%2fijms22147548&partnerID=40&md5=045642b6770419a71c99a63d6dd94f4c},

doi = {10.3390/ijms22147548},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {22},

number = {14},

publisher = {MDPI},

abstract = {As cell wall proteins, the hydroxyproline‐rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) take part in plant growth and various developmental processes. To fulfil their functions, HRGPs, extensins (EXTs) in particular, undergo the hydroxylation of proline by the prolyl‐4‐hydroxylases. The activity of these enzymes can be inhibited with 3,4‐dehydro‐L‐proline (3;4‐DHP), which enables its application to reveal the functions of the HRGPs. Thus, to study the involvement of HRGPs in the development of root hairs and roots, we treated seedlings of Brachypodium distachyon with 250 μM, 500 μM, and 750 μM of 3,4‐DHP. The histological observations showed that the root epidermis cells and the cortex cells beneath them ruptured. The immunostaining experiments using the JIM20 antibody, which recognizes the EXT epitopes, demonstrated the higher abundance of this epitope in the control compared to the treated samples. The transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed morphological and ultrastructural features that are typical for the vacuolar‐type of cell death. Using the TUNEL test (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling), we showed an increase in the number of nuclei with damaged DNA in the roots that had been treated with 3,4‐DHP compared to the control. Finally, an analysis of two metacaspases’ gene activity revealed an increase in their expression in the treated roots. Altogether, our results show that inhibiting the prolyl‐4‐hydroxyl-ases with 3,4‐DHP results in a vacuolar‐type of cell death in roots, thereby highlighting the important role of HRGPs in root hair development and root growth. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85109312579,

title = {Dna methylation—an epigenetic mark in mutagen-treated brachypodium distachyon cells},

author = { A.W. Bara and A.J. Brąszewska-Zalewska and J. Kwaśniewska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85109312579&doi=10.3390%2fplants10071408&partnerID=40&md5=b16ce0dc3093d3f07d410ec9fd6c6159},

doi = {10.3390/plants10071408},

issn = {22237747},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Plants},

volume = {10},

number = {7},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {The chromatin structure is significantly influenced by some epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation. The nuclear organization plays an essential role in the cell response to external stresses including mutagens. We present an analysis of the correlation between epigenetic modifications and the instability of the Brachypodium distachyon genome, which are observed as mi-cronuclei, following maleic hydrazide (MH) and nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU) treatments. We compared the level of DNA methylation in the control (untreated) and mutagen-treated B. distachyon nuclei. An immunostaining method using specific antibodies against modified DNA anti-5-methyl-cytosine was used for the evaluation of DNA methylation in a single nucleus and micronucleus. Interestingly, we showed an alteration of DNA methylation in cells after mutagenic treatments. The results indicate that DNA methylation might be involved in the response of the B. distachyon genome to mutagenic treatments. This demonstrates that analyses of the epigenetic modifications should be integrated into current plant genetic toxicology in order to explain the mechanisms of DNA damage and repair in plants. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85096072185,

title = {Al-tolerant barley mutant hvatr.G shows the ATR-regulated DNA damage response to maleic acid hydrazide},

author = { J. Jaskowiak and J. Kwaśniewska and M.E. Szurman-Zubrzycka and M. Rojek-Jelonek and P.B. Larsen and I. Szarejko},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85096072185&doi=10.3390%2fijms21228500&partnerID=40&md5=5859fe7feee1dd77939c9b8638aa6876},

doi = {10.3390/ijms21228500},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {21},

number = {22},

pages = {1-12},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {ATR, a DNA damage signaling kinase, is required for cell cycle checkpoint regulation and detecting DNA damage caused by genotoxic factors including Al3+ ions. We analyzed the function of the HvATR gene in response to chemical clastogen-maleic acid hydrazide (MH). For this purpose, the Al-tolerant barley TILLING mutant hvatr.g was used. We described the effects of MH on the nuclear genome of hvatr.g mutant and its WT parent cv. “Sebastian”, showing that the genotoxic effect measured by TUNEL test and frequency of cells with micronuclei was much stronger in hvatr.g than in WT. MH caused a significant decrease in the mitotic activity of root cells in both genotypes, however this effect was significantly stronger in “Sebastian”. The impact of MH on the roots cell cycle, analyzed using flow cytometry, showed no differences between the mutant and WT. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85089353057,

title = {EdU-Based Step-by-Step Method for the Detection of Sister Chromatid Exchanges for Application in Plant Genotoxicity Assessment},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and A.W. Bara},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089353057&doi=10.3389%2ffpls.2020.01146&partnerID=40&md5=1b65006a9d90df8495a710214f9f4323},

doi = {10.3389/fpls.2020.01146},

issn = {1664462X},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},

volume = {11},

publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},

abstract = {This study is an example of using 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) for detecting sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) at chromosomal level. Here we report a detailed protocol for differential labeling sister chromatids in barley (Hordeum vulgare; 2n = 14) cells that is based on the incorporation and simple detection of EdU. The perfect distinguishing of sister chromatids enabled an analysis of the effects of two model agents—maleic acid hydrazide (MH) and gamma rays—on the formation of SCEs. Using this method, we demonstrated the high sensitivity of barley cells to maleic hydrazide, which is expressed as an increased level of SCEs. A gamma ray induced only slightly more SCEs than in the control cells. The possible mechanisms of MH and gamma ray action in respect to distinguishing chromatids using EdU are discussed. Recommendation for SCEs visualization using EdU as an easy and quick method that can be successfully adapted to other plant species and potentially for human genotoxicity studies is presented. © Copyright © 2020 Kwasniewska and Bara.},

note = {1},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85074643338,

title = {ATR, a DNA Damage Signaling Kinase, Is Involved in Aluminum Response in Barley},

author = { M.E. Szurman-Zubrzycka and M. Nawrot and J. Jelonek and M. Dziekanowski and J. Kwaśniewska and I. Szarejko},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074643338&doi=10.3389%2ffpls.2019.01299&partnerID=40&md5=0b22bc4166d9f0fff9b0eacbdcc23881},

doi = {10.3389/fpls.2019.01299},

issn = {1664462X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},

volume = {10},

publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},

abstract = {Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad-3-related protein (ATR) is a DNA damage signaling kinase required for the monitoring of DNA integrity. Together with ATM and SOG1, it is a key player in the transcriptional regulation of DNA damage response (DDR) genes in plants. In this study, we describe the role of ATR in the DDR pathway in barley and the function of the HvATR gene in response to DNA damages induced by aluminum toxicity. Aluminum is the third most abundant element in the Earth’s crust. It becomes highly phytotoxic in acidic soils, which comprise more than 50% of arable lands worldwide. At low pH, Al is known to be a genotoxic agent causing DNA damage and cell cycle arrest. We present barley mutants, hvatr.g and hvatr.i, developed by TILLING strategy. The hvatr.g mutant carries a G6054A missense mutation in the ATR gene, leading to the substitution of a highly conserved amino acid in the protein (G1015S). The hvatr.g mutant showed the impaired DDR pathway. It accumulated DNA damages in the nuclei of root meristem cells when grown in control conditions. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) analysis revealed that 60% of mutant nuclei possessed DNA nicks and breaks, whereas in the wild type only 2% of the nuclei were TUNEL-positive. The high frequency of DNA damages did not lead to the inhibition of the cell cycle progression, but the mutant showed an increased number of cells in the G2/M phase. In response to treatments with different Al doses, hvatr.g showed a high level of tolerance. The retention of root growth, which is the most evident symptom of Al toxicity, was not observed in the mutant, as it was in its parent variety. Furthermore, Al treatment increased the level of DNA damages, but did not affect the mitotic activity and the cell cycle profile in the hvatr.g mutant. A similar phenotype was observed for the hvatr.i mutant, carrying another missense mutation leading to G903E substitution in the HvATR protein. Our results demonstrate that the impaired mechanism of DNA damage response may lead to aluminum tolerance. They shed a new light on the role of the ATR-dependent DDR pathway in an agronomically important species. © Copyright © 2019 Szurman-Zubrzycka, Nawrot, Jelonek, Dziekanowski, Kwasniewska and Szarejko.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85068749385,

title = {Aluminum alters the histology and pectin cell wall composition of barley roots},

author = { J. Jaskowiak and J. Kwaśniewska and A. Milewska-Hendel and E.U. Kurczyńska and M.E. Szurman-Zubrzycka and I. Szarejko},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068749385&doi=10.3390%2fijms20123039&partnerID=40&md5=4ea918ecebc6ab755c98c545ce00eb10},

doi = {10.3390/ijms20123039},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {20},

number = {12},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Aluminum (Al) is one of the most important crust elements causing reduced plant production in acidic soils. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is considered to be one of the crops that is most sensitive to Al, and the root cell wall is the primary target of Al toxicity. In this study, we evaluate the possible involvement of specific pectic epitopes in the cells of barley roots in response to aluminum exposure. We targeted four different pectic epitopes recognized by LM5, LM6, LM19, and LM20 antibodies using an immunocytochemical approach. Since Al becomes available and toxic to plants in acidic soils, we performed our analyses on barley roots that had been grown in acidic conditions (pH 4.0) with and without Al and in control conditions (pH 6.0). Differences connected with the presence and distribution of the pectic epitopes between the control and Al-treated roots were observed. In the Al-treated roots, pectins with galactan sidechains were detected with a visually lower fluorescence intensity than in the control roots while pectins with arabinan sidechains were abundantly present. Furthermore, esterified homogalacturonans (HGs) were present with a visually higher fluorescence intensity compared to the control, while methyl-esterified HGs were present in a similar amount. Based on the presented results, it was concluded that methyl-esterified HG can be a marker for newly arising cell walls. Additionally, histological changes were detected in the roots grown under Al exposure. Among them, an increase in root diameter, shortening of root cap, and increase in the size of rhizodermal cells and divisions of exodermal and cortex cells were observed. The presented data extend upon the knowledge on the chemical composition of the cell wall of barley root cells under stress conditions. The response of cells to Al can be expressed by the specific distribution of pectins in the cell wall and, thus, enables the knowledge on Al toxicity to be extended by explaining the mechanism by which Al inhibits root elongation. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85068449940,

title = {Detecting Brachypodium distachyon chromosomes Bd4 and Bd5 in MH- and X-ray-induced micronuclei using mcFISH},

author = { A. Kus and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and J. Kwaśniewska and R. Hasterok},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068449940&doi=10.3390%2fijms20112848&partnerID=40&md5=f40aef05841fe8d4b6057ef3081cefac},

doi = {10.3390/ijms20112848},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {20},

number = {11},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Micronuclei are biomarkers of genotoxic effects and chromosomal instability. They are formed when chromosome fragments or whole chromosomes fail to disjoin into daughter nuclei. We present qualitative and quantitative analyses of the involvement of specific chromosome regions of chromosomes Bd4 and Bd5 in the formation of micronuclei of Brachypodium distachyon root tip cells following maleic hydrazide (MH) treatment and X-radiation. This is visualised by cytomolecular approaches using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (mcFISH) in combination with 5S and 25S rDNA probes. The results showed that the long arm of submetacentric chromosome Bd4 forms micronuclei at twice the frequency of its short arm, suggesting that the former is more prone to double-strand breaks (DSBs). In contrast, no difference was observed in the frequency of micronuclei derived from the long and short arms of submetacentric chromosome Bd5. Interestingly, the proximal region of the short arm of Bd5 is more prone to DSBs than its distal part. This demonstrates that 5S rDNA and 35S rDNA loci are not “hot spots” for DNA breaks after the application of these mutagens. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85068476084,

title = {The Dmc1 mutant allows an insight into the DNA double-strand break repair during meiosis in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)},

author = { M.E. Szurman-Zubrzycka and B. Baran and M. Stolarek-Januszkiewicz and J. Kwaśniewska and I. Szarejko and D. Gruszka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068476084&doi=10.3389%2ffpls.2019.00761&partnerID=40&md5=fa4b16c5e451c7ec687ec77fb9a5a1dc},

doi = {10.3389/fpls.2019.00761},

issn = {1664462X},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},

volume = {10},

publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.},

abstract = {Meiosis is a process of essential importance for sexual reproduction, as it leads to production of gametes. The recombination event (crossing-over) generates genetic variation by introducing new combination of alleles. The first step of crossing-over is introduction of a targeted double-strand break (DSB) in DNA. DMC1 (Disrupted Meiotic cDNA1) is a recombinase that is specific only for cells undergoing meiosis and takes part in repair of such DSBs by searching and invading homologous sequences that are subsequently used as a template for the repair process. Although role of the DMC1 gene has been validated in Arabidopsis thaliana, a functional analysis of its homolog in barley, a crop species of significant importance in agriculture, has never been performed. Here, we describe the identification of barley mutants carrying substitutions in the HvDMC1 gene. We performed mutational screening using TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) strategy and the barley TILLING population, HorTILLUS, developed after double-treatment of spring barley cultivar ‘Sebastian’ with sodium azide and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. One of the identified alleles, dmc1.c, was found independently in two different M2 plants. The G2571A mutation identified in this allele leads to a substitution of the highly conserved amino acid (arginine-183 to lysine) in the DMC1 protein sequence. Two mutant lines carrying the same dmc1.c allele show similar disturbances during meiosis. The chromosomal aberrations included anaphase bridges and chromosome fragments in anaphase/telophase I and anaphase/telophase II, as well as micronuclei in tetrads. Moreover, atypical tetrads containing three or five cells were observed. A highly increased frequency of all chromosome aberrations during meiosis have been observed in the dmc1.c mutants compared to parental variety. The results indicated that DMC1 is required for the DSB repair, crossing-over and proper chromosome disjunction during meiosis in barley. © 2019 Szurman-Zubrzycka, Baran, Stolarek-Januszkiewicz, Kwaśniewska, Szarejko and Gruszka.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85059798719,

title = {Dissecting the chromosomal composition of mutagen-induced micronuclei in Brachypodium distachyon using multicolour FISH},

author = { A. Kus and J. Kwaśniewska and J. Szymanowska-Pułka and R. Hasterok},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85059798719&doi=10.1093%2faob%2fmcy115&partnerID=40&md5=b9a66d550306425b0c916d43ec01570f},

doi = {10.1093/aob/mcy115},

issn = {03057364},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Annals of Botany},

volume = {122},

number = {7},

pages = {1161-1171},

publisher = {Oxford University Press},

abstract = {Background and Aims Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is a model species for temperate cereals and other economically important grasses. Its favourable cytogenetic features and advanced molecular infrastructure make it a good model for understanding the mechanisms of instability of plant genomes after mutagenic treatment. The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the composition and origin of micronuclei arising from genomic fracture, and to detect possible 'hot spots' for mutagen-induced DNA breaks. • Methods Seeds of Brachypodium were treated with maleic hydrazide (MH) or X-rays. The structure of mutagen-induced micronuclei was analysed in root-tip meristematic cells using multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridization (mcFISH) with various repetitive (5S rDNA; 25S rDNA; telomeric; centromeric) and low-repeat [small and large pools of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones specific for chromosome Bd1] DNA sequences. • Key Results The majority of micronuclei derive from large, acentric fragments. X-rays caused more interstitial DNA breaks than MH. Double-strand breaks rarely occurred in distal chromosome regions. Bd1 contributed to the formation of more mutagen-induced micronuclei than expected from random chromosome involvement. • Conclusions mcFISH with chromosome-specific BAC clones offers insight into micronuclei composition, in so far as it allows their origin and formation to be determined more specifically. A reliable assay for micronuclei composition is crucial for the development of modern genotoxicity tests using plant cells. The combination of mutagenic treatments and well-developed cytomolecular resources in Brachypodium make this model species very promising for plant mutagenesis research. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85045675947,

title = {Reduced fecundity and cellular changes in Acheta domesticus after multigenerational exposure to graphene oxide nanoparticles in food},

author = { M. Dziewięcka and P. Witas and J. Karpeta-Kaczmarek and J. Kwaśniewska and B. Flasz and K. Balin and M. Augustyniak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85045675947&doi=10.1016%2fj.scitotenv.2018.04.207&partnerID=40&md5=11f8f54ea5f79c454f1fdecc030a2fb1},

doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.207},

issn = {00489697},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {Science of the Total Environment},

volume = {635},

pages = {947-955},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {Despite the fact that the demand for graphene and its derivatives in commercial applications is still growing, many aspects of its toxicity and biocompatibility are still poorly understood. Graphene oxide, which is released into the environment (air; soil and water) as so-called nanowaste or nanopollution, is able to penetrate living organisms. It is highly probable that, due to its specific nature, it can migrate along food chains thereby causing negative consequences. Our previous studies reported that short-term exposure to graphene oxide may increase the antioxidative defense parameters, level of DNA damage, which results in numerous degenerative changes in the gut and gonads. The presented research focuses on reproductive dysfunction and cellular changes in Acheta domesticus after exposure to GO nanoparticles in food (concentrations of 20 and 200 μg·g−1 of food) throughout their entire life cycle. The results showed that long-term exposure to GO caused a significant decrease in the reproductive capabilities of the animals. Moreover, the next generation of A. domesticus had a lower cell vitality compared to their parental generation. It is possible that graphene oxide can cause multigenerational harmful effects. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {18},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85048889878,

title = {5-Azacitidine induces cell death in a tissue culture of brachypodium distachyon},

author = { A. Betekhtin and A. Milewska-Hendel and Ł. Chajec and M. Rojek-Jelonek and K. Nowak and J. Kwaśniewska and E.A. Wolny and E.U. Kurczyńska and R. Hasterok},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048889878&doi=10.3390%2fijms19061806&partnerID=40&md5=72a6b817774ef0346f00f6530b07a6ac},

doi = {10.3390/ijms19061806},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {19},

number = {6},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Morphological and histological observations revealed that, at a concentration of 50 µM, 5-azacitidine (5-azaC) totally inhibited the induction of embryogenic masses (EM), while the cultivation of explants (zygotic embryos; ZEs) in the presence of 5 µM of 5-azaC led to the formation of a callus with EM in 10% of the cases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyzes revealed the presence of the morphological and ultrastructural features that are typical for the vacuolar type of cell death in the callus cells that were treated. A TUNEL assay confirmed the presence of DNA double-strand breaks for the callus cells that had been treated with both 5 and 50 µM 5-azaC concentrations. Analysis of the gene expression of selected cell death markers demonstrated a reduced expression of metacaspase, protein executer 1 (EX1), and thioredoxin (TRX) in the callus cells that had been treated compared to the control culture. The strongest increase in the gene activity was characteristic for glutathione S-transferase (GST). Our studies also included an analysis of the distribution of some arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and extensin epitopes, which can be used as markers of cells that are undergoing death in a Brachypodium distachyon tissue culture. © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85045033911,

title = {Impact of mutagens on DNA replication in barley chromosomes},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and K. Zubrzycka and A. Kus},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85045033911&doi=10.3390%2fijms19041070&partnerID=40&md5=3e653d009235aa09bfa578c4321e8961},

doi = {10.3390/ijms19041070},

issn = {16616596},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},

volume = {19},

number = {4},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Replication errors that are caused by mutagens are critical for living cells. The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution of a DNA replication pattern on chromosomes of the H. vulgare ‘Start’ variety using pulse 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling, as well as its relationship to the DNA damage that is induced by mutagenic treatment with maleic hydrazide (MH) and γ ray. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a study of the effects of mutagens on the DNA replication pattern in chromosomes, as well as the first to use EdU labeling for these purposes. The duration of the cell cycle of the Hordeum vulgare ‘Start’ variety was estimated for the first time, as well as the influence of MH and γ ray on it. The distribution of the signals of DNA replication along the chromosomes revealed relationships between DNA replication, the chromatin structure, and DNA damage. MH has a stronger impact on replication than γ ray. Application of EdU seems to be promising for precise analyses of cell cycle disturbances in the future, especially in plant species with small genomes. © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85042305913,

title = {Analysis of aluminum toxicity in Hordeum vulgare roots with an emphasis on DNA integrity and cell cycle},

author = { J. Jaskowiak and O. Tkaczyk and M. Słota and J. Kwaśniewska and I. Szarejko},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042305913&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0193156&partnerID=40&md5=39b09188eb54c58f0a06cd729d01b4c9},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0193156},

issn = {19326203},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

journal = {PLoS ONE},

volume = {13},

number = {2},

publisher = {Public Library of Science},

abstract = {Barley is one of the cereals that are most sensitive to aluminum (Al). Al in acid soils limits barley growth and development and, as a result, its productivity. The inhibition of root growth is a widely accepted indicator of Al stress. Al toxicity is affected by many factors including the culture medium, pH, Al concentration and the duration of the treatment. However, Al can act differently in different species and still Al toxicity in barley deserves study. Since the mechanism of Al toxicity is discussed we cytogenetically describe the effects of different doses of bioavailable Al on the barley nuclear genome—mitotic activity, cell cycle profile and DNA integrity. At the same time, we tested an established deep-water culture (DWC) hydroponics system and analyzed the effects of Al on the root system parameters using WinRHIZO software. We demonstrated the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of Al in barley root cells. We showed that Al treatment significantly reduced the mitotic activity of the root tip cells and it also induced micronuclei and damaged nuclei. The DNA-damaging effect of Al was observed using the TUNEL test. We define the inhibitory influence of Al on DNA replication in barley. Analysis with the labelling and detection of 5-ethynyl-2‘-deoxyuridin (EdU) showed that the treatment with Al significantly decreased the frequency of S phase cells. We also demonstrated that Al exposure led to changes in the cell cycle profile of barley root tips. The delay of cell divisions observed as increased frequency of cells in G2/M phase after Al treatment was reported using flow cytometry. © 2018 Jaskowiak et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.},

note = {34},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85014957702,

title = {Nuclear genome stability in long-term cultivated callus lines of Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn},

author = { A. Betekhtin and M. Rojek-Jelonek and J. Jaskowiak and A. Milewska-Hendel and J. Kwaśniewska and Y. Kostyukova and E.U. Kurczyńska and N. Rumyantseva and R. Hasterok},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85014957702&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0173537&partnerID=40&md5=8a4e7fc7b0fee91c193c03db23eaecb2},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0173537},

issn = {19326203},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {PLoS ONE},

volume = {12},

number = {3},

publisher = {Public Library of Science},

abstract = {Long-term cultivated Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. (Tartary buckwheat) morphogenic and non-morphogenic callus lines are interesting systems for gaining a better understanding of the mechanisms that are responsible for the genetic stability and instability of a plant tissue culture. In this work, we used histological sections and transmission electron microscopy to identify and describe the morphology of the nuclei of all of the analysed callus lines. We demonstrated that the embryogenic callus cells had prominent round nuclei that did not contain heterochromatin clumps in contrast to the non-morphogenic callus lines, in which we found nuclei that had multiple lobes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed significant differences in the relative DNA content between the analysed calli. All of the analysed morphogenic callus lines had peaks from 2C to 8C as compared to the nonmorphogenic callus lines, whose peaks did not reflect any regular DNA content and exceeded 8C and 16C for the line 6p1 and 16C and 32C for the callus line 10p2A. The results showed that non-morphogenic calli are of an aneuploid nature. The TUNEL test enabled us to visualise the nuclei that had DNA fragmentation in both the morphogenic and non-morphogenic lines. We revealed significantly higher frequencies of positively labelled nuclei in the non-morphogenic lines than in the morphogenic lines. In the case of the morphogenic lines, the highest observed frequency of TUNEL-positive nuclei was 7.7% for lines 2-3. In the non-morphogenic calli, the highest level of DNA damage (68.5%) was revealed in line 6p1. These results clearly indicate greater genome stability in the morphogenic lines. © 2017 Betekhtin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85010782761,

title = {Brachypodium distachyon - A useful model in the qualification of mutagen-induced micronuclei using multicolor FISH},

author = { A. Kus and J. Kwaśniewska and R. Hasterok},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85010782761&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0170618&partnerID=40&md5=7fa1a05186c4880941f6e328facb4bec},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0170618},

issn = {19326203},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {PLoS ONE},

volume = {12},

number = {1},

publisher = {Public Library of Science},

abstract = {Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is now intensively utilized as a model grass species in various biological studies. Its favorable cytological features create a unique foundation for a convenient system in mutagenesis, thereby potentially enabling the 'hot spots' and 'cold spots' of DNA damage in its genome to be analyzed. The aim of this study was to analyze the involvement of 5S rDNA, 25S rDNA, the Arabidopsis-type (TTTAGGG)n telomeric sequence and the Brachypodium-originated centromeric BAC clone CB33J12 in the micronuclei formation in Brachypodium root tip cells that were subjected to the chemical clastogenic agent maleic hydrazide (MH). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first use of a multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH) with four different DNA probes being used simultaneously to study plant mutagenesis. A quantitative analysis allowed ten types of micronuclei, which were characterized by the presence or absence of specific FISH signal(s), to be distinguished, thus enabling some specific rules governing the composition of the MH-induced micronuclei with the majority of them originating from the terminal regions of chromosomes, to be identified. The application of rDNA sequences as probes showed that 5S rDNA-bearing chromosomes are involved in micronuclei formation more frequently than the 25S rDNA-bearing chromosomes. These findings demonstrate the promising potential of Brachypodium to be a useful model organism to analyze the effects of various genotoxic agents on the plant nuclear genome stability, especially when the complex FISHbased and chromosome-specific approaches such as chromosome barcoding and chromosome painting will be applied in future studies. © 2017 Kus et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.},

note = {9},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84998631680,

title = {DNA replication after mutagenic treatment in Hordeum vulgare},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and A. Kus and M. Swoboda and A.J. Brąszewska-Zalewska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84998631680&doi=10.1016%2fj.mrgentox.2016.10.006&partnerID=40&md5=fb1288a84b96b55dfee37c8008069a19},

doi = {10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.10.006},

issn = {13835718},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis},

volume = {812},

pages = {20-28},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {The temporal and spatial properties of DNA replication in plants related to DNA damage and mutagenesis is poorly understood. Experiments were carried out to explore the relationships between DNA replication, chromatin structure and DNA damage in nuclei from barley root tips. We quantitavely analysed the topological organisation of replication foci using pulse EdU labelling during the S phase and its relationship with the DNA damage induced by mutagenic treatment with maleic hydrazide (MH), nitroso-N-methyl-urea (MNU) and gamma ray. Treatment with mutagens did not change the characteristic S-phase patterns in the nuclei; however, the frequencies of the S-phase-labelled cells after treatment differed from those observed in the control cells. The analyses of DNA replication in barley nuclei were extended to the micronuclei induced by mutagens. Replication in the chromatin of the micronuclei was rare. The results of simultanous TUNEL reaction to identify cells with DNA strand breaks and the labelling of the S-phase cells with EdU revealed the possibility of DNA replication occurring in damaged nuclei. For the first time, the intensity of EdU fluorescence to study the rate of DNA replication was analysed. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84977117631,

title = {The fate of surface cell layers of Daucus carota (L.) embryos raised in suspension culture},

author = { I. Dobrowolska and J. Kwaśniewska and P.W. Barlow and E.U. Kurczyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84977117631&doi=10.1080%2f11263504.2014.989288&partnerID=40&md5=8272612f1c7b51f6cc7c9b58ac233cb3},

doi = {10.1080/11263504.2014.989288},

issn = {11263504},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Plant Biosystems},

volume = {150},

number = {4},

pages = {622-630},

publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},

abstract = {The ultrastructure and fate of surface cells covering mature somatic embryos of Daucus carota grown in suspension culture were analyzed and new information obtained concerning somatic embryogenesis in these conditions. Our studies showed that during some developmental stages, these embryos were covered irregularly and discontinuously by cells with a typical protodermal phenotype characterized by a cuticle on the outer cell wall. We observed that cells with cuticles were peeled off from the surface of mature embryos. Before peeling off, these cells underwent programmed cell death, which was confirmed by the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling method. Transmission electron microscopy revealed advanced processes of autophagy in these cells. © 2015 Società Botanica Italiana.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84974808852,

title = {Transcriptional activity of rRNA genes in barley cells after mutagenic treatment},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and J. Jaskowiak},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84974808852&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0156865&partnerID=40&md5=3cbf1afd61039959cbf2f63b11751022},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156865},

issn = {19326203},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {PLoS ONE},

volume = {11},

number = {6},

publisher = {Public Library of Science},

abstract = {In the present study, the combination of the micronucleus test with analysis of the activity of the rRNA genes in mutagen-treated Hordeum vulgare (barley) by maleic hydrazide (MH) cells was performed. Simultaneously fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 25S rDNA as probes and an analysis of the transcriptional activity of 35S rRNA genes with silver staining were performed. The results showed that transcriptional activity is always maintained in the micronuclei although they are eliminated during the next cell cycle. The analysis of the transcriptional activity was extended to barley nuclei. MH influenced the fusion of the nucleoli in barley nuclei. The silver staining enabled detection of the nuclear bodies which arose after MH treatment. The results confirmed the usefulness of cytogenetic techniques in the characterization of micronuclei. Similar analyses can be now extended to other abiotic stresses to study the response of plant cells to the environment. © 2016 Kwasniewska, Jaskowiak. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84927171771,

title = {Epigenetic chromatin modifications in barley after mutagenic treatment},

author = { A.J. Brąszewska-Zalewska and M. Tylikowska and J. Kwaśniewska and J. Szymanowska-Pułka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84927171771&doi=10.1007%2fs13353-014-0226-9&partnerID=40&md5=daed2705cdd37a3b44710696de5374b9},

doi = {10.1007/s13353-014-0226-9},

issn = {12341983},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Applied Genetics},

volume = {55},

number = {4},

pages = {449-456},

publisher = {Springer Verlag},

abstract = {In addition to their normal developmental processes, plants have evolved complex genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms to cope with various environmental stresses. It has been shown that both DNA methylation and histone modifications are involved in DNA damage response to various types of stresses. In this study, we focused on the involvement of two mutagenic agents, chemical (maleic acid hydrazide; MH) and physical (gamma rays), on the global epigenetic modifications of chromatin in barley. Our results indicate that both mutagens strongly influence the level of histone methylation and acetylation. Moreover, we found that gamma irradiation, in contrast to MH, has a more robust influence on the DNA methylation level. This is the first study that brings together mutagenic treatment along with its impact at the level of epigenetic modifications examined using the immunohistochemical method. © The Author(s) 2014},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84921683800,

title = {Assessment of the chemical, microbiological and toxicological aspects of post-processing water from underground coal gasification},

author = { M. Pankiewicz-Sperka and K. Stańczyk and G.A. Płaza and J. Kwaśniewska and G. Nałecz-Jawecki},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84921683800&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecoenv.2014.06.036&partnerID=40&md5=5c85ae3cc4010ed330e97d2a765b2118},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.06.036},

issn = {01476513},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety},

volume = {108},

pages = {294-301},

publisher = {Academic Press},

abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive characterisation (including chemical; microbiological and toxicological parameters) of water after the underground coal gasification (UCG) process. This is the first report in which these parameters were analysed together to assess the environmental risk of the water generated during the simulation of the underground coal gasification (UCG) process performed by the Central Mining Institute (Poland). Chemical analysis of the water indicated many hazardous chemical compounds, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Additionally, large quantities of inorganic compounds from the coal and ashes produced during the volatilisation process were noted. Due to the presence of refractory and inhibitory compounds in the post-processing water samples, the microbiological and toxicological analyses revealed the high toxicity of the UCG post-processing water. Among the tested microorganisms, mesophilic, thermophilic, psychrophilic, spore-forming, anaerobic and S-oxidizing bacteria were identified. However, the number of detected microorganisms was very low. The psychrophilic bacteria dominated among tested bacteria. There were no fungi or Actinomycetes in any of the water samples. Preliminary study revealed that hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria were metabolically active in the water samples.The samples were very toxic to the biotests, with the TU50 reaching 262. None of biotests was the most sensitive to all samples. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity testing of the water samples in Vicia uncovered strong cytotoxic and clastogenic effects. Furthermore, TUNEL indicated that all of the water samples caused sporadic DNA fragmentation in the nuclei of the roots. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84900301300,

title = {Influence of the presence of B Chromosomes on DNA damage in Crepis capillaris},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and A. Mikolajczyk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84900301300&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0087337&partnerID=40&md5=2d870decb55ddb55ff3a9499136e2a27},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0087337},

issn = {19326203},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {PLoS ONE},

volume = {9},

number = {1},

publisher = {Public Library of Science},

abstract = {The sensitivity of different plant species to mutagenic agents is related to the DNA content and organization of the chromatin, which have been described in ABCW and bodyguard hypotheses, respectively. Plant species that have B chromosomes are good models for the study of these hypotheses. This study presents an analysis of the correlation between the occurrence of B chromosomes and the DNA damage that is induced by the chemical mutagen, maleic hydrazide (MH), in Crepis capillaris plants using comet assay. The presence of B chromosomes has a detectable impact on the level of DNA damage. The level of DNA damage after MH treatment was correlated with the number of B chromosomes and it was observed that it increased significantly in plants with 3B chromosomes. We did not find evidence of the protective role from chemical mutagens of the constitutive heterochromatin for euchromatin in relation to DNA damage. The DNA damage involving the 25S rDNA sequences was analyzed using the comet-FISH technique. Fragmentation within or near the 25S rDNA involved the loci on the A and B chromosomes. The presence of B chromosomes in C. capillaris cells had an influence on the level of DNA damage that involves the 25S rDNA region. © 2014 Kwasniewska, Mikolajczyk.},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84896888479,

title = {Cytogenetic tests in the assessment of the genotoxicity of river water},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and R. Jaskola and J. Małuszyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84896888479&partnerID=40&md5=29e4ab92c50c55de3df05ae84d20a5e0},

issn = {17356865},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research},

volume = {7},

number = {4},

pages = {869-876},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the sensitivity of plant bioassays: Tradescantia-micronucleus (Trad-MCN) tests using BNL 02 and 4430 clones, and Crepis capillaris hairy roots chromosome aberrations test. The evaluation of the sensitivity of the tests was based on the example of the analysis of the genotoxicity of water samples from two natural water reservoirs in Poland: the Rawa River, heavily polluted by industry, and the Goczalkowice - drinking water reservoir. Both tests showed genotoxicity of the Goczalkowice and Rawa waters. The results suggested the stronger genotoxic effect of water samples on Tradescantia 4430 clone compared to BNL 02. Tradescantia 4430 was a more sensitive bioindicator of genotoxicity than C. capillaris hairy roots. However it has been proved that Crepis capillaris hairy roots could be used as a convenient system for the environmental monitoring of water samples. Our study is the first example of using the TUNEL test (TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) to determine the genotoxicity of water pollutants.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84886733400,

title = {Comet-FISH for the evaluation of plant DNA damage after mutagenic treatments},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and M. Kwaśniewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84886733400&doi=10.1007%2fs13353-013-0169-6&partnerID=40&md5=70559840f2622d127ae881e88be978cb},

doi = {10.1007/s13353-013-0169-6},

issn = {12341983},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Applied Genetics},

volume = {54},

number = {4},

pages = {407-415},

abstract = {The aim of this study was to perform a comparative investigation of the actions of three mutagens that are widely used in plant mutagenesis using the comet-FISH technique. The comet-FISH technique was used for the analysis of DNA damage and the kinetics of repair within specific DNA sequences. FISH with rDNA and telomeric/centromeric DNA probes was applied to comets that were obtained from an alkaline/neutral comet assay. Migration within specific DNA sequences was analysed after treatment with two chemical mutagens-maleic hydrazide (MH) and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU), and γ-rays. Barley was used as a model plant in this study. The possible utility of specific DNA sequences in a comparative assessment of the distribution of DNA damage within a plant genome was evaluated. This study proved that the comet-FISH technique is suitable for a detailed quantification of DNA damage and repair within specific DNA sequences in plant mutagenesis. The analysis of FISH signals demonstrated that the involvement of specific DNA sequences in DNA damage was different and was dependent on the mutagen used. We showed that 5S rDNA and telomeric DNA sequences are more sensitive to mutagenic treatment, which was expressed by a stronger fragmentation and migration in comparison to the other probes used in the study. We found that 5S rDNA and telomeric DNA probes are more suitable for testing the genotoxicity of environmental factors. A comparison of the involvement of specific chromosome domains in direct DNA breakage/repair and in chromosome aberration formation after mutagen treatment indicates the compatibility of the results. © 2013 The Author(s).},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84878773431,

title = {Effects of ionizing radiation on Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum (Solanaceae)},

author = { M.A. Scaldaferro and A.R. Prina and E.A. Moscone and J. Kwaśniewska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84878773431&doi=10.1016%2fj.apradiso.2013.04.004&partnerID=40&md5=6af55e8451053d67a255ec66a4d3e98a},

doi = {10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.04.004},

issn = {09698043},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Applied Radiation and Isotopes},

volume = {79},

pages = {103-108},

abstract = {Cytogenetic and somatic effects of various x-ray treatments were evaluated in pepper. , Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum cv. Cayenne, with the aim to assess optimal conditions for obtaining viable lines. The cytogenetic effects were quantified by counting chromosome aberrations. The level of DNA fragmentation was estimated with TUNEL test (terminal transferase mediated dUTP-fluorescein nick end labeling). Irradiation to 20. Gy with 16-h presoaking can be a suitable treatment of the selected pepper cultivar for a mutagenesis program. © 2013.},

note = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84871693312,

title = {Accumulation of peroxidase-related reactive oxygen species in trichoblasts correlates with root hair initiation in barley},

author = { M. Kwaśniewski and K. Chwiałkowska and J. Kwaśniewska and J. Kusak and K. Siwinski and I. Szarejko},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84871693312&doi=10.1016%2fj.jplph.2012.09.017&partnerID=40&md5=9162d0d67ee331dbfcccda330dd9409b},

doi = {10.1016/j.jplph.2012.09.017},

issn = {01761617},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Plant Physiology},

volume = {170},

number = {2},

pages = {185-195},

abstract = {Root hairs are an important model in studies of cell differentiation and development in higher plants. The function of NADPH oxidase-related reactive oxygen species (ROS) in root hair development has been reported extensively in studies on Arabidopsis. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of the initiation of root hair formation, mediated by the peroxidase-dependent production of the highly reactive hydroxyl radical in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The distribution of ROS, including the hydroxyl radical (OH) and superoxide (O2-) was assessed using hydroxyphenyl fluorescein and nitroblue tetrazolium chloride, respectively, in the roots of wild-type plants and two root-hair mutants: root-hairless (rhl1.a) and with root hair growth blocked at the primordium stage (rhp1.b). Peroxidase-dependent OH accumulation was linked to root hair initiation and growth in plants where root hair formation was at least initiated, whereas OH was not detectable in the epidermis of the root-hairless mutant rhl1.a. O2- distribution in the roots of rhl1.a and rhp1.b mutants was not impaired and did not influence the root hair phenotype. Peroxidase inhibitor treatments of wild-type roots dramatically reduced the ability of growing roots to form root hairs and thus phenocopied the root-hairless phenotype. Expression of two candidate peroxidase genes, HvPRX45 and HvPRX2, was analyzed and their possible role in root hair-specific production of hydroxyl radicals was discussed. We propose a model of a two-step, coordinated ROS formation process in root hair cells that involves root hair-specific peroxidase(s) and root hair-specific NADPH oxidase necessary for a proper root hair formation in barley. © 2012 Elsevier GmbH.},

note = {35},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-80655124563,

title = {An assessment of the genotoxic effects of landfill leachates using bacterial and plant tests},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and G. Nałecz-Jawecki and A. Skrzypczak and G.A. Płaza and M. Matejczyk},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80655124563&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecoenv.2011.08.020&partnerID=40&md5=6c51b8501b25b728f55f94a65541615d},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.08.020},

issn = {01476513},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety},

volume = {75},

number = {1},

pages = {55-62},

abstract = {Two bacterial tests (the Ames test and the umu-test) and the Allium test were used to assess the genotoxicity of aqueous leachates from municipal solid waste landfill sites in Southern Poland. A comparison of the sensitivity of the applied tests was performed. None of the tested samples revealed genotoxic activity in the umu-test and thus did not appear to be sensitive enough for evaluations of leachates. Two out of 22 leachates were described as genotoxic in the Ames test and 3 out of 6 leachates in the Allium test. All of the analyzed leachates samples affected cell divisions. Two of the tests applied, the Allium and Ames test, revealed the high genotoxicity of leachate 4.Among the bioassays used in these studies, the Allium test proved to be more sensitive than bacterial tests for the investigation of leachate toxicity. The results suggest that the Allium cytogenetic bioassay is efficient and simple for genotoxicity studies of leachates. The potential correlations between the chemical characteristics and genotoxic effects is discussed. The biological effects of selected appeared to be related to chemical parameters. Leachates have a genotoxic potential and pose a risk to human health and the environment. A combination of biotests and chemical analyses is the best approach for the assessment of the risk or impact of leachates. © 2011 Elsevier Inc..},

note = {23},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84872443362,

title = {DNA damage in Crepis capillaris cells in response to in vitro conditions},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and W. Nawrocki and D. Siwińska and J. Małuszyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84872443362&doi=10.2478%2fv10182-012-0028-5&partnerID=40&md5=d13e45ab038169b246d72a88dcf948c4},

doi = {10.2478/v10182-012-0028-5},

issn = {00015296},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica},

volume = {54},

number = {2},

pages = {93-101},

abstract = {We analyzed DNA damage, mitotic activity and polyploidization in Crepis capillaris callus cells during short- and long-term in vitro culture, and the influence of plant growth regulators on these processes. Changes in the concentration of growth regulators altered the stability of callus. The level of DNA damage was highly dependent on the growth regulator composition of the medium. Cytokinin at high concentrations damaged DNA in the absence of auxin. Short- and long-term callus differed in sensitivity to growth regulators. Mitotic activity changed when callus was transferred to medium with modified growth regulators. Callus cell nuclear DNA content increased with age and in response to plant growth regulators. Hormones played a role in the genetic changes in C. capillaries callus culture. We demonstrated the usefulness of C. capillaris callus culture as a model for analyzing the effect of culture conditions, including plant growth regulators, on genetic stability. © Polish Academy of Sciences and Jagiellonian University, Cracow 2012.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85027916924,

title = {Comet-FISH with rDNA probes for the analysis of mutagen-induced DNA damage in plant cells},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and M. Grabowska and M. Kwaśniewski and B.A. Kolano},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85027916924&doi=10.1002%2fem.21699&partnerID=40&md5=d447ac2015a10fee9c503c2a647be1c1},

doi = {10.1002/em.21699},

issn = {08936692},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-01-01},

journal = {Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis},

volume = {53},

number = {5},

pages = {369-375},

publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc.},

abstract = {We used comet-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the model plant species Crepis capillaris following exposure of seedlings to maleic hydrazide (MH). FISH with 5S and 25S rDNA probes was applied to comets obtained under alkaline conditions to establish whether these DNA regions were preferentially involved in comet tail formation. MH treatment induced significant fragmentation of nuclear DNA and of rDNA loci. A 24-h post-treatment recovery period allowed a partial reversibility of MH-induced damage on nuclear and rDNA regions. Analyses of FISH signals demonstrated that rDNA sequences were always involved in tail formation and that 5S rDNA was more frequently present in the tail than 25S rDNA, regardless of treatment. The involvement of 25S rDNA in nucleolus formation and differences in chromatin structure between the two loci may explain the different susceptibility of the 25S and 5S rDNA regions to migrate into the tail. This work is the first report on the application of FISH to comet preparations from plants to analyze the distribution and repair of DNA damage within specific genomic regions after mutagenic treatment. Moreover, our work suggests that comet-FISH in plants may be a useful tool for environmental monitoring assessment. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.},

note = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-79954997576,

title = {FISH in analysis of gamma ray-induced micronuclei formation in barley},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and L. Brodziak and J. Małuszyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79954997576&doi=10.1007%2fs13353-010-0017-x&partnerID=40&md5=2afc6fbabbcbb8d0ea77ca2c2ecde1da},

doi = {10.1007/s13353-010-0017-x},

issn = {12341983},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Applied Genetics},

volume = {52},

number = {1},

pages = {23-29},

abstract = {A micronucleus test in combination with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using telomere-, centromere-specific probes and 5S and 25S rDNA was used for a detailed analysis of the effects of gamma ray irradiation on the root tip meristem cells of barley, Hordeum vulgare (2n=14). FISH with four DNA probes was used to examine the involvement of specific chromosomes or chromosome fragments in gamma ray-induced micronuclei formation and then to explain their origin. Additionally, a comparison of the possible origin of the micronuclei induced by physical and chemical treatment: maleic hydrazide (MH) and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU) was done. The micronuclei induced by gamma ray could originate from acentric fragments after chromosome breakage or from whole lagging chromosomes as a result of a dysfunction of the mitotic apparatus. No micronuclei containing only centromeric signals were found. An application of rDNA as probes allowed it to be stated that 5S rDNA-bearing chromosomes are involved in micronuclei formation more often than NOR chromosomes. This work allowed the origin of physically- and chemicallyinduced micronuclei in barley cells to be compared: the origin of micronuclei was most often from terminal fragments. FISH confirmed its usefulness in the characterization of micronuclei content, as well as in understanding and comparing the mechanisms of the actions of mutagens applied in plant genotoxicity. © The Author(s) 2010.},

note = {22},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-35248883873,

title = {Cytological events in explants of Arabidopsis thaliana during early callogenesis},

author = { A. Fras and J. Kwaśniewska and D. Siwińska and J. Małuszyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-35248883873&doi=10.1007%2fs00299-007-0415-7&partnerID=40&md5=5b34138958d67617b682da67c7d00883},

doi = {10.1007/s00299-007-0415-7},

issn = {07217714},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Plant Cell Reports},

volume = {26},

number = {11},

pages = {1933-1939},

abstract = {Leaf explants of diploid (2n = 2x = 10) and autotetraploid (2n = 4x = 20) plants of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Columbia were cytologically and cytogenetically analysed to determine the time and the mechanisms of the process of polyploidization. The first polyploid cells were observed after the third day of culture in both genotypes of explants. Polyploid cells were the result of pre-existing mixoploidy in explants of A. thaliana. Other factors such as endoreduplication, endomitosis, abnormal microtubules arrangement and DNA damage may have induced polyploidization during early stages of callogenesis. © 2007 Springer-Verlag.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-34248327529,

title = {Multicolour FISH in an analysis of chromosome aberrations induced by N-nitroso-N-methylurea and maleic hydrazide in barley cells},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and B. Hering and J. Małuszyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-34248327529&doi=10.1007%2fBF03194666&partnerID=40&md5=c322d41fa327165b9d6a1c83b1a82f95},

doi = {10.1007/BF03194666},

issn = {12341983},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Applied Genetics},

volume = {48},

number = {2},

pages = {99-106},

publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},

abstract = {The present study is a rare example of a detailed characterization of chromosomal aberrations by identification of individual chromosomes (or chromosome arms) involved in their formation in plant cells by using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). In addition, the first application of more than 2 DNA probes in FISH experiments in order to analyse chromosomal aberrations in plant cells is presented. Simultaneous FISH with 5S and 25S rDNA and, after reprobing of preparations, telomeric and centromeric DNA sequences as probes, were used to compare the cytogenetic effects of 2 chemical mutagens: N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU) and maleic hydrazide (MH) on root tip meristem cells of Hordeum vulgare (2n = 14). The micronucleus (MN) test combined with FISH allowed the quantitative analysis of the involvement of specific chromosome fragments in micronuclei formation and thus enabled the possible origin of mutagen-induced micronuclei to be explained. Terminal deletions were most frequently caused by MH and MNU. The analysis of the frequency of micronuclei with signals of the investigated DNA probes showed differences between the frequency of MH- and MNU-induced micronuclei with specific signals. The micronuclei with 2 signals, telomeric DNA and rDNA (5S and/or 25S rDNA), were the most frequently observed in the case of both mutagens, but with a higher frequency after treatment with MH (46%) than MNU (37%). Also, 10% of MH-induced micronuclei were characterized by the presence of only telomere DNA sequences, whereas there were almost 3-fold more in the case of MNU-induced micronuclei (28%). Additionally, by using FISH with the same probes, an attempt was made to identify the origin of chromosome fragments in mitotic anaphase.},

note = {21},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33751528790,

title = {Zinc-induced DNA damage and the distribution of metals in the brain of grasshoppers by the comet assay and micro-PIXE},

author = { M. Augustyniak and J. Kwaśniewska and W.J. Przybyłowicz and J. Mesjasz-Przybyłowicz and A. Babczyńska and P. Migula},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33751528790&doi=10.1016%2fj.cbpc.2006.09.003&partnerID=40&md5=f3ec30bff89e31320c5b4f2b3f1b39ac},

doi = {10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.09.003},

issn = {15320456},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - C Toxicology and Pharmacology},

volume = {144},

number = {3},

pages = {242-251},

publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},

abstract = {The distribution and concentration of selected elements by PIXE method and DNA damage using comet assay in brains of 1st instars of grasshoppers Chorthippus brunneus from unpolluted (Pilica) and polluted (Olkusz) site, additionally exposed to various doses of zinc during diapause or after hatching, were measured. We tried to assess the degree of possible pre-adaptation of the insects to heavy metals and evaluate the utility of these parameters in estimation of insect exposure to industrial pollutants. Additionally, the mechanism of zinc toxicity for grasshopper brains was discussed. We observed the correlation between experimental zinc dose, zinc contents in the brain and DNA damage in neuroblasts, but only in groups exposed to lower zinc concentration. For higher zinc concentration the amount of the metal in brain and DNA damage remained at the control level. Some site-related differences in DNA damage between grasshoppers from Pilica and Olkusz were observed during short-term exposure (after hatching). Significant increase in the calcium contents in the brain, proportional to zinc concentration in sand, was also observed, especially in the offsprings from Olkusz. The results may be the basis for further searching for molecular mechanisms of defense against heavy metals in insects living in polluted habitats. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},

note = {52},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-33646408122,

title = {DNA damage induced by mutagens in plant and human cell nuclei in acellular comet assay},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and A. Gnys and J. Małuszyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33646408122&partnerID=40&md5=bb6c525258eb1dc5ce63deb556394bee},

issn = {02398508},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica},

volume = {44},

number = {2},

pages = {127-131},

publisher = {Polish Histochemical and Cytochemical Society},

abstract = {Higher plant cells have a long tradition of use in the studies on environmental mutagenesis in situ, especially in relation to human health risk determination. The studies on the response of plant and human cells to physical and chemical mutagens showed differences in their sensitivity. The differences in the presence of cell components in plants and humans could influence such response. Additionally, the level of the organization of the employed material could influence DNA-damaging effect: leukocytes are isolated cells and plant - an intact organism. To preclude these obstacles, the effects of direct treatment of isolated nuclei with genotoxic agents were determined to compare the sensitivity of plant and human cells. In the present study, we have determined the DNA-damaging effects of two chemical mutagens: maleic acid hydrazide (MH) and N-methyl-N-nitroso-urea (MNU) applied to isolated nuclei of both plant and human cells. In order to compare the sensitivity of the nuclei of Nicotiana tabacum var. xanthi and the nuclei of leukocytes, the acellular Comet assay was carried out. The results showed higher sensitivity of the nuclei of leukocytes as compared to the nuclei of plant cells to mutagenic treatment with the applied doses of MH and MNU.},

note = {22},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-15244352708,

title = {Erratum: Transformed roots of Crepis capillaris - A sensitive system for the evaluation of the clastogenicity of abiotic agents (Mutation Research (2005) 565 (129-138) DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.10.016)},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and J. Małuszyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-15244352708&doi=10.1016%2fj.mrgentox.2005.01.008&partnerID=40&md5=c55a3ea03c6843805ab83d2bc908670f},

doi = {10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.01.008},

issn = {13835718},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis},

volume = {582},

number = {1-2},

pages = {168-},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {[No abstract available]},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-12344330385,

title = {Transformed roots of Crepis capillaries - A sensitive system for the evaluation of the clastogenicity of abiotic agents},

author = { J. Kwaśniewska and J. Małuszyńska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-12344330385&doi=10.1016%2fj.mrgentox.2004.10.016&partnerID=40&md5=a09986e6b4d14dfcc147247ad884c28e},

doi = {10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.10.016},

issn = {13835718},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis},

volume = {565},

number = {2},

pages = {129-138},

publisher = {Elsevier},

abstract = {The presence of a large number of pollutants, including mutagenic agents in the environment is a problem of a major concern. Rapid progress in plant biotechnology, especially in the development of cell transformation methods, including the production of transformed roots - 'hairy roots' - has opened new possibilities to use transformed root cultures in plant bioassays for the evaluation mutagenic effects of different agents. We have used Crepis capillaris hairy roots for evaluation of cytogenetic effects of mutagenic treatment. Effects of maleic acid hydrazide (MH) and X-ray treatment were analysed in chromosomal aberration, sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and TUNEL tests. Comparison of cytogenetic effects in hairy roots and roots of seedlings showed a much higher sensitivity of hairy roots, which makes them convenient material for monitoring DNA damage after mutagenic treatment. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},

note = {14},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-0037247227,

title = {Chromosomal aberrations in Crepis capillaris cells detected by FISH},

author = { J. Małuszyńska and J. Kwaśniewska and E.A. Wolny},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0037247227&partnerID=40&md5=2892c6d31a0977bc3dcb1151b6ce5ef9},

issn = {02398508},

year  = {2003},

date = {2003-01-01},

journal = {Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica},

volume = {41},

number = {2},

pages = {101-104},

publisher = {Polish Histochemical and Cytochemical Society},

abstract = {Crepis capillaris (2n=6) is an excellent plant for the assay of chromosome aberrations after mutagenic treatment. It has simple karyotype: three pairs of morphologically distinct and relatively large chromosomes. The frequency of structural chromosome aberrations and micronuclei in root meristem cells has been used for evaluation of the genotoxicity of chemicals and environmental pollutants. The introduction of fluorescence in situ hybridization method allows more detailed detection and localization of chromosomal rearrangements not only in mitotic but also in interphase nuclei. We demonstrate a few examples of the detection of chromosomal aberrations using rDNA and telomeric sequences as probes for in situ hybridization to C. capillaris chromosomes.},

note = {11},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}