• dr hab. Magdalena Opała-Owczarek
Position: Prof.Uczelni
Unit: Instytut Nauk o Ziemi
Adress: 41-200 Sosnowiec, ul. Będzińska 60
Floor: II
Room: 222
Phone: (32) 3689 243
E-mail: magdalena.opala@us.edu.pl
Publications list: Publications by CINiBA
Publications list: Publications by OPUS
Scopus Author ID: 55986635800
Publications from the Scopus database
2024
Migała, K.; Łupikasza, E. B.; Osuch, M.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Owczarek, P.
Linking drought indices to atmospheric circulation in Svalbard, in the Atlantic sector of the High Arctic Journal Article
In: Scientific Reports, vol. 14, no. 1, 2024, ISSN: 20452322.
@article{2-s2.0-85183051201,
title = {Linking drought indices to atmospheric circulation in Svalbard, in the Atlantic sector of the High Arctic},
author = { K. Migała and E.B. Łupikasza and M. Osuch and M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85183051201&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-024-51869-z&partnerID=40&md5=d25e4190270ea85c6818d1d7fe511f48},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-51869-z},
issn = {20452322},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
publisher = {Nature Research},
abstract = {Based on long-term climatological data from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard Airport—Longyearbyen and the Polish Polar Station at Hornsund, we undertook an analysis of drought indices on Spitsbergen Island, Svalbard, for the period 1979–2019. The features and causes of spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric drought in Svalbard were identified, as expressed by the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). There were several-year periods with SPEI indicating the dominance of drought or wet conditions. The long-term variability in the annual and half-year (May–October) SPEI values showed a prevalence of droughts in the 1980s and the first decade of the twenty-first century, while wet seasons were frequent in the 1990s and in the second decade of the twenty-first century. The seasonal SPEIs were characteristic of interannual variability. In MAM and JJA, droughts were more frequent after 2000; during SON and DJF of the same period, the frequency of wet seasons increased. The most remarkable changes in the scale of the entire research period occurred in autumn when negative values of SPEI occurred more often in the first part of the period, and positive values dominated in the last 20 years. The long-term pattern of the variables in consecutive seasons between 1979 and 2019 indicates relationships between the SPEI and anomalies of precipitable water and somewhat weaker relationships with anomalies of sea level pressure. The three stations are located at distances of more than 200 km from each other in the northern (Ny-Ålesund), central (Longyearbyen) and southern parts of Svalbard (Hornsund), and the most extreme values of drought conditions depended on the atmospheric circulation which could have been modified by local conditions thus droughts developed under various circulation types depending on the station. However, some similarities were identified in the atmospheric circulation patterns favouring drought conditions at Ny-Ålesund and Hornsund, both having more maritime climates than Longyearbyen. Extremely dry seasons were favoured by anticyclonic conditions, particularly a high-pressure ridge (type Ka) centred over Svalbard, air advection from the eastern sector under an influence of cyclone and negative precipitable water anomalies. During wet seasons anomalies of precipitable water were positive and cyclonic conditions dominated. These results were corroborated by the frequency of regional circulation types during JJA and DJF with the lowest and highest values of SPEI. © 2024, The Author(s).},
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pubstate = {published},
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}
Based on long-term climatological data from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard Airport—Longyearbyen and the Polish Polar Station at Hornsund, we undertook an analysis of drought indices on Spitsbergen Island, Svalbard, for the period 1979–2019. The features and causes of spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric drought in Svalbard were identified, as expressed by the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). There were several-year periods with SPEI indicating the dominance of drought or wet conditions. The long-term variability in the annual and half-year (May–October) SPEI values showed a prevalence of droughts in the 1980s and the first decade of the twenty-first century, while wet seasons were frequent in the 1990s and in the second decade of the twenty-first century. The seasonal SPEIs were characteristic of interannual variability. In MAM and JJA, droughts were more frequent after 2000; during SON and DJF of the same period, the frequency of wet seasons increased. The most remarkable changes in the scale of the entire research period occurred in autumn when negative values of SPEI occurred more often in the first part of the period, and positive values dominated in the last 20 years. The long-term pattern of the variables in consecutive seasons between 1979 and 2019 indicates relationships between the SPEI and anomalies of precipitable water and somewhat weaker relationships with anomalies of sea level pressure. The three stations are located at distances of more than 200 km from each other in the northern (Ny-Ålesund), central (Longyearbyen) and southern parts of Svalbard (Hornsund), and the most extreme values of drought conditions depended on the atmospheric circulation which could have been modified by local conditions thus droughts developed under various circulation types depending on the station. However, some similarities were identified in the atmospheric circulation patterns favouring drought conditions at Ny-Ålesund and Hornsund, both having more maritime climates than Longyearbyen. Extremely dry seasons were favoured by anticyclonic conditions, particularly a high-pressure ridge (type Ka) centred over Svalbard, air advection from the eastern sector under an influence of cyclone and negative precipitable water anomalies. During wet seasons anomalies of precipitable water were positive and cyclonic conditions dominated. These results were corroborated by the frequency of regional circulation types during JJA and DJF with the lowest and highest values of SPEI. © 2024, The Author(s).
2023
Chen, Y.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Chen, F.; Owczarek, P.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Sh.; Hu, Ma.; Satylkanov, R. A.; Ermenbaev, B.; Zulfiyor, B.; Shang, H.; Zhang, R.
In: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol. 625, 2023, ISSN: 00310182.
@article{2-s2.0-85162859954,
title = {Tree-ring perspective on past and future mass balance of the glaciers in Tien Shan (Central Asia): An example from the accumulation area of Tuyuksu Glacier, Kazakhstan},
author = { Y. Chen and M. Opała-Owczarek and F. Chen and P. Owczarek and H. Zhang and Sh. Wang and Ma. Hu and R.A. Satylkanov and B. Ermenbaev and B. Zulfiyor and H. Shang and R. Zhang},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85162859954&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2023.111696&partnerID=40&md5=1f2976328fddfdbe5dba43ae94865c66},
doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111696},
issn = {00310182},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
volume = {625},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {The Tien Shan glaciers, known as “Central Asia's Water Tower,” have a direct influence on water resource management in downstream parched areas. The limited time periods of currently available observational climate datasets hamper an accurate examination of glacial changes in Central Asia in terms of long-term climate change implications. In this work, we analysed this change by combining tree-ring-based reconstructions of the accumulation area of the Tuyuksu Glacier during the last 382 years with models of the future mass balance of this glacier until the year 2100 CE. The results show that mountain precipitation is an important force driving the cycles of the cryosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere in arid Central Asia. This driving force has broad coherence in spatiotemporal variation, with periodic cycles and decadal shifts caused by the North Atlantic Oscillation and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. The multi-model mean in CMIP6 suggests a downward trend in glacier mass balance until 2100, but this trend will be moderated by increased precipitation. The findings of the study could help to explain how the glacial mass balance has evolved in the Tien Shan Mountains of Central Asia throughout time and its relationship to biosphere and hydrosphere. © 2023},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Tien Shan glaciers, known as “Central Asia's Water Tower,” have a direct influence on water resource management in downstream parched areas. The limited time periods of currently available observational climate datasets hamper an accurate examination of glacial changes in Central Asia in terms of long-term climate change implications. In this work, we analysed this change by combining tree-ring-based reconstructions of the accumulation area of the Tuyuksu Glacier during the last 382 years with models of the future mass balance of this glacier until the year 2100 CE. The results show that mountain precipitation is an important force driving the cycles of the cryosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere in arid Central Asia. This driving force has broad coherence in spatiotemporal variation, with periodic cycles and decadal shifts caused by the North Atlantic Oscillation and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. The multi-model mean in CMIP6 suggests a downward trend in glacier mass balance until 2100, but this trend will be moderated by increased precipitation. The findings of the study could help to explain how the glacial mass balance has evolved in the Tien Shan Mountains of Central Asia throughout time and its relationship to biosphere and hydrosphere. © 2023
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Owczarek, P.
Herbarium records in Arctic dwarf shrub dendrochronology: Methodological approach and perspectives Journal Article
In: Dendrochronologia, vol. 80, 2023, ISSN: 11257865.
@article{2-s2.0-85160763626,
title = {Herbarium records in Arctic dwarf shrub dendrochronology: Methodological approach and perspectives},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85160763626&doi=10.1016%2fj.dendro.2023.126102&partnerID=40&md5=57c315c45b04d7ecc1d959838ca3b271},
doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2023.126102},
issn = {11257865},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Dendrochronologia},
volume = {80},
publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},
abstract = {Our work aims to investigate whether herbaria resources can be used for the extension of Arctic dwarf shrub chronologies. The current use of herbaria reaches far beyond their initially aims; among the new applications, phenology observations and conservation biology can be mentioned. However, to this date, no studies on the use of herbarium specimens for dendrochronological research have been published. Examples of perennial plants from herbarium sheets that could potentially be used for such studies are dwarf shrubs, samples of which often consist of whole specimens, including the root system, the root collar and branches. Here, we present a protocol for the selection and processing of historical material. Based on the collections from Kew and Copenhagen, which are among of the largest herbaria with Arctic plants, a database of 25 areas from the Atlantic sector of the Arctic was created. Material from the following most common species was collected: grey willow (Salix glauca L.), polar willow (Salix polaris Wahlenb.), dwarf willow (Salix herbacea L.), net-leaved willow (Salix reticulata L.), arctic willow (Salix arctica Pall.), mountain avens (Dryas octopetala L.), dwarf birch (Betula nana L.). We present the preliminary results of a case study using historical samples of Salix arctica from the Thule (Qaanaaq) area, NW Greenland. Dwarf shrubs can commonly reach the age of 80–100 years or beyond, while herbaria resources may allow the extension of such series over the last centuries. Therewith, these resources may provide an excellent proxy data source on the changing natural environment beyond the northern and upper tree limits, where well-replicated proxy time-series remain sparse. © 2023 Elsevier GmbH},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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}
Our work aims to investigate whether herbaria resources can be used for the extension of Arctic dwarf shrub chronologies. The current use of herbaria reaches far beyond their initially aims; among the new applications, phenology observations and conservation biology can be mentioned. However, to this date, no studies on the use of herbarium specimens for dendrochronological research have been published. Examples of perennial plants from herbarium sheets that could potentially be used for such studies are dwarf shrubs, samples of which often consist of whole specimens, including the root system, the root collar and branches. Here, we present a protocol for the selection and processing of historical material. Based on the collections from Kew and Copenhagen, which are among of the largest herbaria with Arctic plants, a database of 25 areas from the Atlantic sector of the Arctic was created. Material from the following most common species was collected: grey willow (Salix glauca L.), polar willow (Salix polaris Wahlenb.), dwarf willow (Salix herbacea L.), net-leaved willow (Salix reticulata L.), arctic willow (Salix arctica Pall.), mountain avens (Dryas octopetala L.), dwarf birch (Betula nana L.). We present the preliminary results of a case study using historical samples of Salix arctica from the Thule (Qaanaaq) area, NW Greenland. Dwarf shrubs can commonly reach the age of 80–100 years or beyond, while herbaria resources may allow the extension of such series over the last centuries. Therewith, these resources may provide an excellent proxy data source on the changing natural environment beyond the northern and upper tree limits, where well-replicated proxy time-series remain sparse. © 2023 Elsevier GmbH
Bakhtiyorov, Z.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Chen, F.; Wang, Sh.; Shang, H.; Owczarek, P.; Khan, A.
In: International Journal of Climatology, vol. 43, no. 7, pp. 3312-3323, 2023, ISSN: 08998418.
@article{2-s2.0-85148302610,
title = {Streamflow reconstruction in the Kafirnigan River, Tajikistan since 1568 CE reveals a linkage between southern Central Asian hydrological variation and ENSO},
author = { Z. Bakhtiyorov and M. Opała-Owczarek and F. Chen and Sh. Wang and H. Shang and P. Owczarek and A. Khan},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85148302610&doi=10.1002%2fjoc.8031&partnerID=40&md5=c4473cb77672a0a516f62d524b770a50},
doi = {10.1002/joc.8031},
issn = {08998418},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Climatology},
volume = {43},
number = {7},
pages = {3312-3323},
publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Ltd},
abstract = {Long-term hydroclimate change can provide reliable reference for water resources management in Central Asia. However, only a few palaeohydrological records exist in Tajikistan. To obtain a long-term perspective on hydrological changes in Tajikistan, we developed, for the first time, a streamflow reconstruction from September of the previous year to June of the current one in the Kafirnigan River basin, based on Juniperus semiglobosa tree-ring width indices from the Iskanderkul area in northern Tajikistan. The streamflow reconstruction explains 40% of the actual streamflow variance during the period 1939–1993. Spatial correlation analyses with gridded precipitation data indicate that our streamflow reconstruction contains a strong regional hydroclimatic signal for southern Central Asia. The high and low intervals of our streamflow reconstruction are closely related to the interdecadal variations of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Our reconstructed streamflow is significantly correlated with sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean and northern Indian Ocean, indicate the existence of remarkable 11-, 5.6–5.7-, 4.3-, 2.6-, 2.3- and 2.0-year cycles, and suggest a relationship between southern Central Asian streamflow variations and ENSO activity. © 2023 Royal Meteorological Society.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Long-term hydroclimate change can provide reliable reference for water resources management in Central Asia. However, only a few palaeohydrological records exist in Tajikistan. To obtain a long-term perspective on hydrological changes in Tajikistan, we developed, for the first time, a streamflow reconstruction from September of the previous year to June of the current one in the Kafirnigan River basin, based on Juniperus semiglobosa tree-ring width indices from the Iskanderkul area in northern Tajikistan. The streamflow reconstruction explains 40% of the actual streamflow variance during the period 1939–1993. Spatial correlation analyses with gridded precipitation data indicate that our streamflow reconstruction contains a strong regional hydroclimatic signal for southern Central Asia. The high and low intervals of our streamflow reconstruction are closely related to the interdecadal variations of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Our reconstructed streamflow is significantly correlated with sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean and northern Indian Ocean, indicate the existence of remarkable 11-, 5.6–5.7-, 4.3-, 2.6-, 2.3- and 2.0-year cycles, and suggest a relationship between southern Central Asian streamflow variations and ENSO activity. © 2023 Royal Meteorological Society.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Owczarek, P.; Rahmonov, O.; Małarzewski, Ł.; Chen, F.; Niedźwiedź, T.
In: Ecological Indicators, vol. 150, 2023, ISSN: 1470160X, (2).
@article{2-s2.0-85153100475,
title = {Divergence in responses of juniper tree rings to climate conditions along a high-mountain transect in the semi-arid Fann Mountains, Pamir-Alay, western Tajikistan},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and O. Rahmonov and Ł. Małarzewski and F. Chen and T. Niedźwiedź},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85153100475&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecolind.2023.110280&partnerID=40&md5=c784e142349bca513acd04265c94fcb2},
doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110280},
issn = {1470160X},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Ecological Indicators},
volume = {150},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {This paper reports on a detailed dendrochronological and dendroclimatological study of juniper trees (Juniperus seravschanica Kom. and J. semiglobosa Regel), sampled at seven sites having different elevations (2200 – 3100 m) and exposures (south-north) in the Pamir-Alay mountains, north-western Tajikistan. We developed seven new, well-replicated ring-width chronologies extending back over the last 219–1320 years. Our results confirm that the main climate factor influencing radial growth in this semi-arid region is variability in precipitation. However, they also indicate that there is a divergence in dendroclimatic responses between low- and high-elevation sites, where different limiting factors play a dominant role. The radial growth of J. semiglobosa at the uppermost treeline locations is the most sensitive to winter precipitation. Tree-ring formation in J. seravschanica at low-elevation sites is strongly limited by spring-summer drought conditions and by winter temperatures. The results of PCA analysis indicate that the relationships between growth and climate are linked more to elevation than to exposure. It was also found that negative growth extremes at low elevation sites may be triggered by strong dust storm events. Our findings clearly show that precisely planned selections of topographically differentiated sites, including elevation and exposure, are crucial for the possible reconstruction of different climatic elements in the high mountains of Central Asia for the last hundreds to thousands of years. © 2023 The Author(s)},
note = {2},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper reports on a detailed dendrochronological and dendroclimatological study of juniper trees (Juniperus seravschanica Kom. and J. semiglobosa Regel), sampled at seven sites having different elevations (2200 – 3100 m) and exposures (south-north) in the Pamir-Alay mountains, north-western Tajikistan. We developed seven new, well-replicated ring-width chronologies extending back over the last 219–1320 years. Our results confirm that the main climate factor influencing radial growth in this semi-arid region is variability in precipitation. However, they also indicate that there is a divergence in dendroclimatic responses between low- and high-elevation sites, where different limiting factors play a dominant role. The radial growth of J. semiglobosa at the uppermost treeline locations is the most sensitive to winter precipitation. Tree-ring formation in J. seravschanica at low-elevation sites is strongly limited by spring-summer drought conditions and by winter temperatures. The results of PCA analysis indicate that the relationships between growth and climate are linked more to elevation than to exposure. It was also found that negative growth extremes at low elevation sites may be triggered by strong dust storm events. Our findings clearly show that precisely planned selections of topographically differentiated sites, including elevation and exposure, are crucial for the possible reconstruction of different climatic elements in the high mountains of Central Asia for the last hundreds to thousands of years. © 2023 The Author(s)
Pawełczyk, F.; Bolik, A.; Błachut, B.; Kamińska, A.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Malik, I.; Wojcik, M.; Zakrzewska, Z.; Pawlak, Z.; Poręba, G.
In: Geochronometria, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 81-90, 2023, ISSN: 17338387.
@article{2-s2.0-85178090344,
title = {Development of Chronology for Historical Mining Shaft Remains in the Vicinity of Tarnowskie Góry Based on Radiocarbon, Luminescence and Dendrochronological Dating},
author = { F. Pawełczyk and A. Bolik and B. Błachut and A. Kamińska and M. Opała-Owczarek and I. Malik and M. Wojcik and Z. Zakrzewska and Z. Pawlak and G. Poręba},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85178090344&doi=10.2478%2fgeochr-2023-0004&partnerID=40&md5=87ce9ee0d920a899a4d41b11b4014194},
doi = {10.2478/geochr-2023-0004},
issn = {17338387},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
journal = {Geochronometria},
volume = {50},
number = {1},
pages = {81-90},
publisher = {Sciendo},
abstract = {This study focused on determining the age of sediments found in the remains of historical mining in the post-exploitation field in Tarnowskie Góry, Poland. The limited historical sources indicated that lead ore and silver were mined there from the 12th to 20th centuries. The research utilised radiocarbon dating, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and fallout radioisotopes analysis to establish a chronology of the mining remains. Excavations were conducted on three historical mining shafts. In one of them, remains of old construction wood were found. Radiocarbon dating yielded 12 results, with the majority falling within the range of 1435 cal AD to 1645 cal AD. Two results were significantly older and covered the period of the beginnings of the Polish State. OSL dating provided results ranging from 2.5 ka BP to 216 ka BP, a time range much older than that indicated by radiocarbon dates. The OSL ages were found to be greatly overestimated, indicating that the luminescence signal was not reset during the redeposition of sediments. While the obtained results provided a preliminary chronology of the study site, further detailed research, especially regarding the older samples, is necessary to enhance our understanding of the mining history in the area. © 2023 Fatima Pawełczyk et al., published by Sciendo.},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
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This study focused on determining the age of sediments found in the remains of historical mining in the post-exploitation field in Tarnowskie Góry, Poland. The limited historical sources indicated that lead ore and silver were mined there from the 12th to 20th centuries. The research utilised radiocarbon dating, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and fallout radioisotopes analysis to establish a chronology of the mining remains. Excavations were conducted on three historical mining shafts. In one of them, remains of old construction wood were found. Radiocarbon dating yielded 12 results, with the majority falling within the range of 1435 cal AD to 1645 cal AD. Two results were significantly older and covered the period of the beginnings of the Polish State. OSL dating provided results ranging from 2.5 ka BP to 216 ka BP, a time range much older than that indicated by radiocarbon dates. The OSL ages were found to be greatly overestimated, indicating that the luminescence signal was not reset during the redeposition of sediments. While the obtained results provided a preliminary chronology of the study site, further detailed research, especially regarding the older samples, is necessary to enhance our understanding of the mining history in the area. © 2023 Fatima Pawełczyk et al., published by Sciendo.
2022
Owczarek, P.; Dagsson-Waldhauserova, P.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Migała, K.; Arnalds, Ó.; Schaetzl, R. J.
Anatomical changes in dwarf shrub roots provide insight into aeolian erosion rates in northeastern Iceland Journal Article
In: Geoderma, vol. 428, 2022, ISSN: 00167061, (3).
@article{2-s2.0-85138049933,
title = {Anatomical changes in dwarf shrub roots provide insight into aeolian erosion rates in northeastern Iceland},
author = { P. Owczarek and P. Dagsson-Waldhauserova and M. Opała-Owczarek and K. Migała and Ó. Arnalds and R.J. Schaetzl},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85138049933&doi=10.1016%2fj.geoderma.2022.116173&partnerID=40&md5=c5263edde6edf6a7e9757f1d4d606ecd},
doi = {10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116173},
issn = {00167061},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Geoderma},
volume = {428},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {Iceland is known for having strong aeolian erosion events, as evidenced by erosional escarpments on the soil surface; these are known locally as rofabards. The aim of the study was to estimate aeolian erosion rates at two research plots affected by severe erosion, using anatomic features of the roots of Arctic, woody, dwarf shrubs. Ours is the first study to utilize dendrochronological analyses of exposed roots of dwarf willows (Salix herbacea L.) as an indicator of aeolian erosion. When dwarf shrub roots are exposed to the atmosphere by erosion, cell sizes are reduced by >50 %, with maximum changes in individual plants exceeding 150–200 %. We detected the erosion signal by analyzing changes in cell-size and width of growth rings in the roots. Using this relationship, were able to estimate erosion rates (the retreat of escarpments) since the 1970s for the study area. During the 1970s and 1980s, erosion rates were fairly constant, with retreat ranging from 1.0 to 2.5 cm yr−1. Rapid increases in erosion rates were observed after the late 1990s, occasionally as much as 4.4–5.4 cm yr−1. Increased aeolian erosion rates may be linked to continuous heavy grazing by sheep and climate change, as this period coincides with increased numbers of hot and warm, and dusty days. Our results indicate that dendrochronological methods can be highly useful in determining past geomorphic activity, due to modern environmental changes observed in the Arctic. The methods employed here can be applied even in treeless areas. © 2022 The Author(s)},
note = {3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Iceland is known for having strong aeolian erosion events, as evidenced by erosional escarpments on the soil surface; these are known locally as rofabards. The aim of the study was to estimate aeolian erosion rates at two research plots affected by severe erosion, using anatomic features of the roots of Arctic, woody, dwarf shrubs. Ours is the first study to utilize dendrochronological analyses of exposed roots of dwarf willows (Salix herbacea L.) as an indicator of aeolian erosion. When dwarf shrub roots are exposed to the atmosphere by erosion, cell sizes are reduced by >50 %, with maximum changes in individual plants exceeding 150–200 %. We detected the erosion signal by analyzing changes in cell-size and width of growth rings in the roots. Using this relationship, were able to estimate erosion rates (the retreat of escarpments) since the 1970s for the study area. During the 1970s and 1980s, erosion rates were fairly constant, with retreat ranging from 1.0 to 2.5 cm yr−1. Rapid increases in erosion rates were observed after the late 1990s, occasionally as much as 4.4–5.4 cm yr−1. Increased aeolian erosion rates may be linked to continuous heavy grazing by sheep and climate change, as this period coincides with increased numbers of hot and warm, and dusty days. Our results indicate that dendrochronological methods can be highly useful in determining past geomorphic activity, due to modern environmental changes observed in the Arctic. The methods employed here can be applied even in treeless areas. © 2022 The Author(s)
Phulara, M.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Owczarek, P.
Climatic Signals on Growth Ring Variation in Salix herbacea: Comparing Two Contrasting Sites in Iceland Journal Article
In: Atmosphere, vol. 13, no. 5, 2022, ISSN: 20734433, (2).
@article{2-s2.0-85130640919,
title = {Climatic Signals on Growth Ring Variation in Salix herbacea: Comparing Two Contrasting Sites in Iceland},
author = { M. Phulara and M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130640919&doi=10.3390%2fatmos13050718&partnerID=40&md5=337a1fdab71c9b27321fd4ca01b41b85},
doi = {10.3390/atmos13050718},
issn = {20734433},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Atmosphere},
volume = {13},
number = {5},
publisher = {MDPI},
abstract = {Salix herbacea, being such an adaptive species, has never been studied for its climatic re-sponse. The main purpose of this study is to examine the dendrochronological potential of S. herbacea. Furthermore, it aims to identify the main environmental factors that are influencing its growth. We selected two sampling sites that are different in terms of morphology and climate. Overall, 40 samples of dwarf willow were collected from two research sites and were analyzed by following the standard dendrochronological methods. The ring width chronology of the dwarf willow from the Afrétt site spans 1953–2017, i.e., 64 years. The correlations between air temperature and the ring width of dwarf willow indicate that this species responds positively to spring and summer temperatures for the Myrdal site. For the Afrétt site, this species responds positively to winter and summer precipitation. These effects may be related to tundra browning, a process that has appeared since the beginning of the 21st century. Our work is the first attempt to create a growth ring chronology of S. herbacea and to investigate its climate sensitivity. Despite the differences in local climate in both sites, this species shows its potentiality and a direct imprint of recent environmental changes in its ring width growth pattern. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
note = {2},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Salix herbacea, being such an adaptive species, has never been studied for its climatic re-sponse. The main purpose of this study is to examine the dendrochronological potential of S. herbacea. Furthermore, it aims to identify the main environmental factors that are influencing its growth. We selected two sampling sites that are different in terms of morphology and climate. Overall, 40 samples of dwarf willow were collected from two research sites and were analyzed by following the standard dendrochronological methods. The ring width chronology of the dwarf willow from the Afrétt site spans 1953–2017, i.e., 64 years. The correlations between air temperature and the ring width of dwarf willow indicate that this species responds positively to spring and summer temperatures for the Myrdal site. For the Afrétt site, this species responds positively to winter and summer precipitation. These effects may be related to tundra browning, a process that has appeared since the beginning of the 21st century. Our work is the first attempt to create a growth ring chronology of S. herbacea and to investigate its climate sensitivity. Despite the differences in local climate in both sites, this species shows its potentiality and a direct imprint of recent environmental changes in its ring width growth pattern. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Sitko, K.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Jemioła, G.; Gieroń, Ż.; Szopiński, M.; Owczarek, P.; Rudnicka, M.; Małkowski, E.
Effect of drought and heavy metal contamination on growth and photosynthesis of silver birch trees growing on post-industrial heaps Journal Article
In: Cells, vol. 11, no. 1, 2022, ISSN: 20734409, (8).
@article{2-s2.0-85121653518,
title = {Effect of drought and heavy metal contamination on growth and photosynthesis of silver birch trees growing on post-industrial heaps},
author = { K. Sitko and M. Opała-Owczarek and G. Jemioła and Ż. Gieroń and M. Szopiński and P. Owczarek and M. Rudnicka and E. Małkowski},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85121653518&doi=10.3390%2fcells11010053&partnerID=40&md5=49e0f5180a420dc9454161db9382a90e},
doi = {10.3390/cells11010053},
issn = {20734409},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Cells},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
publisher = {MDPI},
abstract = {Silver birch trees (Betula pendula Roth) are a pioneering species in post-industrial habitats, and have been associated with an expansive breeding strategy and low habitat requirements. We conducted ecophysiological and dendroclimatological studies to check whether there are any features of which the modification enables birch trees to colonise extreme habitats successfully. We characterised the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, the gas exchange, the content of pigments in leaves, and the growth (leaf thickness and tree-ring width) of birch trees on a post-coal mine heap, a post-smelter heap, and a reference site. Birch growth was limited mainly by temperature and water availability during summer, and the leaves of the birch growing on postindustrial heaps were significantly thicker than the reference leaves. Moreover, birch trees growing on heaps were characterised by a significantly higher content of flavonols and anthocyanins in leaves and higher non-photochemical quenching. In addition, birches growing on the post-coal mine heap accumulated a concentration of Mn in their leaves, which is highly toxic for most plant species. Increasing the thickness of leaves, and the content of flavonols and anthocyanins, as well as efficient non-photochemical quenching seem to be important features that improve the colonization of extreme habitats by birches. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
note = {8},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Silver birch trees (Betula pendula Roth) are a pioneering species in post-industrial habitats, and have been associated with an expansive breeding strategy and low habitat requirements. We conducted ecophysiological and dendroclimatological studies to check whether there are any features of which the modification enables birch trees to colonise extreme habitats successfully. We characterised the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, the gas exchange, the content of pigments in leaves, and the growth (leaf thickness and tree-ring width) of birch trees on a post-coal mine heap, a post-smelter heap, and a reference site. Birch growth was limited mainly by temperature and water availability during summer, and the leaves of the birch growing on postindustrial heaps were significantly thicker than the reference leaves. Moreover, birch trees growing on heaps were characterised by a significantly higher content of flavonols and anthocyanins in leaves and higher non-photochemical quenching. In addition, birches growing on the post-coal mine heap accumulated a concentration of Mn in their leaves, which is highly toxic for most plant species. Increasing the thickness of leaves, and the content of flavonols and anthocyanins, as well as efficient non-photochemical quenching seem to be important features that improve the colonization of extreme habitats by birches. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
2021
Chen, F.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Khan, A.; Zhang, H.; Owczarek, P.; Chen, Y.; Ahmed, M.; Chen, F.
In: Environmental Research Letters, vol. 16, no. 9, 2021, ISSN: 17489318, (5).
@article{2-s2.0-85116149136,
title = {Late twentieth century rapid increase in high Asian seasonal snow and glacier-derived streamflow tracked by tree rings of the upper Indus River basin},
author = { F. Chen and M. Opała-Owczarek and A. Khan and H. Zhang and P. Owczarek and Y. Chen and M. Ahmed and F. Chen},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85116149136&doi=10.1088%2f1748-9326%2fac1b5c&partnerID=40&md5=2a6997a5287e4b203da49cf908875354},
doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac1b5c},
issn = {17489318},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
volume = {16},
number = {9},
publisher = {IOP Publishing Ltd},
abstract = {Given the reported increasing trends in high Asian streamflow and rapidly increasing water demand in the Indian subcontinent, it is necessary to understand the long-term changes and mechanisms of snow- and glacier-melt-driven streamflow in this area. Thus, we have developed a June-July streamflow reconstruction for the upper Indus River watershed located in northern Pakistan. This reconstruction used a temperature-sensitive tree-ring width chronology of Pinus wallichiana, and explained 40.9% of the actual June-July streamflow variance during the common period 1970-2008. The high level of streamflow (1990-2017) exceeds that of any other time and is concurrent with the impact of recent climate warming that has resulted in accelerated glacier retreats across high Asia. The streamflow reconstruction indicated a pronounced reduction in streamflow in the upper Indus River basin during solar minima (Maunder; Dalton; and Damon). Shorter periods (years) of low streamflow in the reconstruction corresponded to major volcanic eruptions. Extreme low and high streamflows were also linked with sea surface temperature. The streamflow reconstruction also provides a long-term context for recent high Asian streamflow variability resulting from seasonal snow and glaciers that is critically needed for water resources management and assessment. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.},
note = {5},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Given the reported increasing trends in high Asian streamflow and rapidly increasing water demand in the Indian subcontinent, it is necessary to understand the long-term changes and mechanisms of snow- and glacier-melt-driven streamflow in this area. Thus, we have developed a June-July streamflow reconstruction for the upper Indus River watershed located in northern Pakistan. This reconstruction used a temperature-sensitive tree-ring width chronology of Pinus wallichiana, and explained 40.9% of the actual June-July streamflow variance during the common period 1970-2008. The high level of streamflow (1990-2017) exceeds that of any other time and is concurrent with the impact of recent climate warming that has resulted in accelerated glacier retreats across high Asia. The streamflow reconstruction indicated a pronounced reduction in streamflow in the upper Indus River basin during solar minima (Maunder; Dalton; and Damon). Shorter periods (years) of low streamflow in the reconstruction corresponded to major volcanic eruptions. Extreme low and high streamflows were also linked with sea surface temperature. The streamflow reconstruction also provides a long-term context for recent high Asian streamflow variability resulting from seasonal snow and glaciers that is critically needed for water resources management and assessment. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Galstyan, H.; Owczarek, P.; Sayadyan, H.; Vardanyan, T.
Dendrochronological potential of drought-sensitive tree stands in armenia for the hydroclimate reconstruction of the lesser caucasus Journal Article
In: Atmosphere, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 1-15, 2021, ISSN: 20734433.
@article{2-s2.0-85100639769,
title = {Dendrochronological potential of drought-sensitive tree stands in armenia for the hydroclimate reconstruction of the lesser caucasus},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and H. Galstyan and P. Owczarek and H. Sayadyan and T. Vardanyan},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100639769&doi=10.3390%2fatmos12020153&partnerID=40&md5=2f3d7927de964c3e6774952906c5142a},
doi = {10.3390/atmos12020153},
issn = {20734433},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Atmosphere},
volume = {12},
number = {2},
pages = {1-15},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {Existing high-resolution reconstructions of hydroclimate variability in the Caucasus are lacking tree-ring data from Armenian Plateau, the most continental part of the region. Our research presents the first dendrochronological investigation in Armenia. Juniper and oak tree-ring width chronologies were constructed, the longest spanning the last 140 years. The positive influence of spring–summer precipitation and the negative influence of temperature suggest drought stress at the investigated sites. Moving correlation analysis indicated a significant change over time in the sensitivity of investigated trees to climatic variability; juniper, previously sensitive to both temperature and precipitation, has shown especially strong precipitation signals in the recent decades since the local climate has turned more arid. Ongoing climate change increases drought stress in juniper, which may have further consequences on semiarid ecosystems. Our results reveal multiannual droughts recorded by tree rings, emerging in most parts of the Black Sea–Caspian Sea region. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Existing high-resolution reconstructions of hydroclimate variability in the Caucasus are lacking tree-ring data from Armenian Plateau, the most continental part of the region. Our research presents the first dendrochronological investigation in Armenia. Juniper and oak tree-ring width chronologies were constructed, the longest spanning the last 140 years. The positive influence of spring–summer precipitation and the negative influence of temperature suggest drought stress at the investigated sites. Moving correlation analysis indicated a significant change over time in the sensitivity of investigated trees to climatic variability; juniper, previously sensitive to both temperature and precipitation, has shown especially strong precipitation signals in the recent decades since the local climate has turned more arid. Ongoing climate change increases drought stress in juniper, which may have further consequences on semiarid ecosystems. Our results reveal multiannual droughts recorded by tree rings, emerging in most parts of the Black Sea–Caspian Sea region. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Falarz, M.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Niedźwiedź, T.; Bielec-Bąkowska, Z.; Wojkowski, J.; Matuszko, D.; Filipiak, J.; Ustrnul, Z.; Wypych, A.; Lisowska, M.; Bokwa, A.; Błażejczyk, K.; Piotrowicz, K.; Szwed, M.
Initial Research of Climate Change in Poland Book Chapter
In: pp. 9-27, Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021, ISSN: 23520698.
@inbook{2-s2.0-85107387810,
title = {Initial Research of Climate Change in Poland},
author = { M. Falarz and M. Opała-Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź and Z. Bielec-Bąkowska and J. Wojkowski and D. Matuszko and J. Filipiak and Z. Ustrnul and A. Wypych and M. Lisowska and A. Bokwa and K. Błażejczyk and K. Piotrowicz and M. Szwed},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107387810&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-030-70328-8_2&partnerID=40&md5=9d04de8f3a2959ca91c4dee6246e11fc},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-70328-8_2},
issn = {23520698},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Springer Climate},
pages = {9-27},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media B.V.},
abstract = {This chapter includes the results of the earliest studies on changes and variability of climatic elements, bioclimatic indices and weather types across Poland. The first pioneering works on climatic studies were presented (since 1858), even if they did not relate to climate change. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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}
This chapter includes the results of the earliest studies on changes and variability of climatic elements, bioclimatic indices and weather types across Poland. The first pioneering works on climatic studies were presented (since 1858), even if they did not relate to climate change. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Falarz, M.; Bielec-Bąkowska, Z.; Wypych, A.; Matuszko, D.; Niedźwiedź, T.; Pińskwar, I.; Piotrowicz, K.; Ustrnul, Z.; Bokwa, A.; Filipiak, J.; Graczyk, D.; Kuchcik, M.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Szwed, M.; Wibig, J.
Climate Change in Poland—Summary, Discussion and Conclusion Book Chapter
In: pp. 561-581, Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021, ISSN: 23520698.
@inbook{2-s2.0-85107338275,
title = {Climate Change in Poland—Summary, Discussion and Conclusion},
author = { M. Falarz and Z. Bielec-Bąkowska and A. Wypych and D. Matuszko and T. Niedźwiedź and I. Pińskwar and K. Piotrowicz and Z. Ustrnul and A. Bokwa and J. Filipiak and D. Graczyk and M. Kuchcik and M. Opała-Owczarek and M. Szwed and J. Wibig},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107338275&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-030-70328-8_24&partnerID=40&md5=88b78978f1816effd9bb26adc9e3c867},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-70328-8_24},
issn = {23520698},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Springer Climate},
pages = {561-581},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media B.V.},
abstract = {The book presents the results of climate research throughout Poland in the pre-instrumental period (using proxy data), instrumental period (using mainly statistical methods; based on data from weather stations and grid data) and projected changes (using regional climate models). A total of 1100 years are covered, i.e. the period from about 1000 to 2100. The majority of examined climate elements, meteorological phenomena and indices show statistically significant changes at least in certain areas of Poland and at certain seasons of the year. Moreover, many elements demonstrate significant year-to-year variability and temporal fluctuations. Changes of particular climate elements are interrelated. The primary causative factors are both anthropogenic changes (greenhouse gas emissions resulting in increased greenhouse effect and global warming; local sources of air pollution) and natural changes: (1) circulation factors: changes in the intensity and location of atmospheric activity centres, changes in the frequency of advection from a specific sector, and the frequency of cyclonic and anticyclonic systems over Poland and (2) radiation factors (changes in values of global solar radiation; sunshine duration and cloudiness). These changes, especially visible after the 1980s, affect the trends of most climatic elements, meteorological phenomena and indices. The effects of these changes, both positive and negative, are evident in people’s daily lives (e.g. decrease in bioclimatic cold stress; increase in bioclimatic heat stress; changes in conditions for recreation and sport) and economy (e.g. improvement of thermal agricultural conditions; changes in energy demand for heating buildings; air conditioning and refrigeration). A better understanding of the relationships of trends of the different climatic elements should be the aim of further research into the climate of Poland. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The book presents the results of climate research throughout Poland in the pre-instrumental period (using proxy data), instrumental period (using mainly statistical methods; based on data from weather stations and grid data) and projected changes (using regional climate models). A total of 1100 years are covered, i.e. the period from about 1000 to 2100. The majority of examined climate elements, meteorological phenomena and indices show statistically significant changes at least in certain areas of Poland and at certain seasons of the year. Moreover, many elements demonstrate significant year-to-year variability and temporal fluctuations. Changes of particular climate elements are interrelated. The primary causative factors are both anthropogenic changes (greenhouse gas emissions resulting in increased greenhouse effect and global warming; local sources of air pollution) and natural changes: (1) circulation factors: changes in the intensity and location of atmospheric activity centres, changes in the frequency of advection from a specific sector, and the frequency of cyclonic and anticyclonic systems over Poland and (2) radiation factors (changes in values of global solar radiation; sunshine duration and cloudiness). These changes, especially visible after the 1980s, affect the trends of most climatic elements, meteorological phenomena and indices. The effects of these changes, both positive and negative, are evident in people’s daily lives (e.g. decrease in bioclimatic cold stress; increase in bioclimatic heat stress; changes in conditions for recreation and sport) and economy (e.g. improvement of thermal agricultural conditions; changes in energy demand for heating buildings; air conditioning and refrigeration). A better understanding of the relationships of trends of the different climatic elements should be the aim of further research into the climate of Poland. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Falarz, M.; Szwed, M.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Kuchcik, M.; Małarzewski, Ł.; Piotrowicz, K.; Niedźwiedź, T.; Bielec-Bąkowska, Z.; Bokwa, A.; Filipiak, J.; Matuszko, D.; Ustrnul, Z.; Wibig, J.; Wypych, A.
Data and Methods of Investigation Book Chapter
In: pp. 29-44, Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021, ISSN: 23520698.
@inbook{2-s2.0-85107332916,
title = {Data and Methods of Investigation},
author = { M. Falarz and M. Szwed and M. Opała-Owczarek and M. Kuchcik and Ł. Małarzewski and K. Piotrowicz and T. Niedźwiedź and Z. Bielec-Bąkowska and A. Bokwa and J. Filipiak and D. Matuszko and Z. Ustrnul and J. Wibig and A. Wypych},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107332916&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-030-70328-8_3&partnerID=40&md5=89b92510a4321798bd19ff9330b6d4f3},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-70328-8_3},
issn = {23520698},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Springer Climate},
pages = {29-44},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media B.V.},
abstract = {The study covers the entire area of Poland. Part II of the book presents the results of the study of climate change before instrumental measurements in Poland in the last millennium. More than 50 proxy series including documentary evidences, dendrochronological records and varved sediment records were analysed. On this basis, reconstructions of: summer and winter air temperature, winter severity, precipitation (liquid and solid) and droughts were performed. Part III analysed the long-term changes and variability of 36 climate characteristics for 14 climate elements, indices, meteorological phenomena and weather types using data from 79 weather stations. Most of the climate elements studied were analysed for the base period 1951–2018 (68 years). For some elements and indices shorter study periods were considered. In addition, climate variability was analysed for 10 long measuring series up to 239 years. Variability of circulation indices over a period of 147 years (1873–2019) was investigated as well. Uniform research methods common to all elements and indices were used: (1) coefficient of variability (%), (2) absolute trend (unit/10y); (3) relative trend (%/10y). Part IV of the book deals with projected changes in temperature, precipitation and thermal indices related to the agriculture and energy sectors. In this study, 8 regional climate models from the EURO-CORDEX experiment were used for 2 representative concentration pathways: (1) corresponding to radiative forcing value +4.5 W.m−2 in 2100 (RCP4.5) and (2) corresponding to radiative forcing value +8.5 W.m−2 in 2100 (RCP8.5) relative to pre-industrial values. Two future time horizons were carried out for each concentration pathway: (1) near future: 2021–2050 and (2) far future: 2071–2100 with reference to the period of 1971–2000. Future projections were created for: 8 characteristics of temperature, 10 characteristics of precipitation, 5 characteristics for agriculture indices and 4 for energy demands indices. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The study covers the entire area of Poland. Part II of the book presents the results of the study of climate change before instrumental measurements in Poland in the last millennium. More than 50 proxy series including documentary evidences, dendrochronological records and varved sediment records were analysed. On this basis, reconstructions of: summer and winter air temperature, winter severity, precipitation (liquid and solid) and droughts were performed. Part III analysed the long-term changes and variability of 36 climate characteristics for 14 climate elements, indices, meteorological phenomena and weather types using data from 79 weather stations. Most of the climate elements studied were analysed for the base period 1951–2018 (68 years). For some elements and indices shorter study periods were considered. In addition, climate variability was analysed for 10 long measuring series up to 239 years. Variability of circulation indices over a period of 147 years (1873–2019) was investigated as well. Uniform research methods common to all elements and indices were used: (1) coefficient of variability (%), (2) absolute trend (unit/10y); (3) relative trend (%/10y). Part IV of the book deals with projected changes in temperature, precipitation and thermal indices related to the agriculture and energy sectors. In this study, 8 regional climate models from the EURO-CORDEX experiment were used for 2 representative concentration pathways: (1) corresponding to radiative forcing value +4.5 W.m−2 in 2100 (RCP4.5) and (2) corresponding to radiative forcing value +8.5 W.m−2 in 2100 (RCP8.5) relative to pre-industrial values. Two future time horizons were carried out for each concentration pathway: (1) near future: 2021–2050 and (2) far future: 2071–2100 with reference to the period of 1971–2000. Future projections were created for: 8 characteristics of temperature, 10 characteristics of precipitation, 5 characteristics for agriculture indices and 4 for energy demands indices. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Niedźwiedź, T.; Przybylak, R.; Tylmann, W.
Climate Change Before Instrumental Measurements Book Chapter
In: pp. 71-119, Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021, ISSN: 23520698.
@inbook{2-s2.0-85107331860,
title = {Climate Change Before Instrumental Measurements},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź and R. Przybylak and W. Tylmann},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107331860&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-030-70328-8_5&partnerID=40&md5=ae6d0d797a69b7c9efd1c2f70aa3d40d},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-70328-8_5},
issn = {23520698},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Springer Climate},
pages = {71-119},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media B.V.},
abstract = {The chapter “Climate change before instrumental measurements” is a review and compilation of papers concerning the reconstruction of Poland’s climate in the last millennium. Data for this period are gaining importance due to their comparability with modern instrumental data, which is possible thanks to their high temporal resolution (annual; seasonal). The authors compiled the research results of climate reconstruction based on the following available data sources: direct man-made observations of weather and early instrumental measurements, dendrochronological records and varved sediment records. These three types of material are so far the best-known and best-developed proxy sources of past climate information, going back centuries in Poland. Generally, the chapter is divided into three parts presenting the results of climate reconstruction made with the above-mentioned data sources. On the basis of each method, the reconstructions of both air temperature and precipitation (including extreme rainfall and drought) for the winter and summer seasons are presented. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The chapter “Climate change before instrumental measurements” is a review and compilation of papers concerning the reconstruction of Poland’s climate in the last millennium. Data for this period are gaining importance due to their comparability with modern instrumental data, which is possible thanks to their high temporal resolution (annual; seasonal). The authors compiled the research results of climate reconstruction based on the following available data sources: direct man-made observations of weather and early instrumental measurements, dendrochronological records and varved sediment records. These three types of material are so far the best-known and best-developed proxy sources of past climate information, going back centuries in Poland. Generally, the chapter is divided into three parts presenting the results of climate reconstruction made with the above-mentioned data sources. On the basis of each method, the reconstructions of both air temperature and precipitation (including extreme rainfall and drought) for the winter and summer seasons are presented. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
2020
Owczarek, P.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Boudreau, S.; Lajeunesse, P.; Stachnik, Ł.
In: Science of the Total Environment, vol. 744, 2020, ISSN: 00489697, (5).
@article{2-s2.0-85088627006,
title = {Re-activation of landslide in sub-Arctic areas due to extreme rainfall and discharge events (the mouth of the Great Whale River, Nunavik, Canada)},
author = { P. Owczarek and M. Opała-Owczarek and S. Boudreau and P. Lajeunesse and Ł. Stachnik},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088627006&doi=10.1016%2fj.scitotenv.2020.140991&partnerID=40&md5=42c3bceea31b4cdf003a966dae61f38c},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140991},
issn = {00489697},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
volume = {744},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {Climate change is impacting surficial geomorphic processes, especially in sensitive areas such as the sub-Arctic. One of the most common examples involves landslides, which often develop in glacio-isostatically raised marine clays in northeastern Canada. One of these sites, an expansive area of complex landslide terrain located at the mouth of the Great Whale River in Nunavik, has already been studied due to its age and morphology. We present new data, based on the multidisciplinary research including geomorphic, dendrochronological, and hydroclimatological analyses, allowing us to determine how contemporary climate change has affected landslide reactivation during the last 80 years. Our research included collecting 60 cores from Picea glauca trees, growing on the marginal zone of a landslide deposit, as well as from a reference site. The tilted trees formed eccentric growth-ring patterns, which provided us with reliable dates on the landslide events. In addition to these dendrochronological data, we studied these landslides using repeated aerial photography, which showed changes in river channel constrictions in the period 1969–2019. Based on the eccentricity index of the tree ring data, we recognized disturbance events due to landslides. We compared these data with the hydroclimatological conditions and found clearly visible correlations between heavy rainfall and discharge (>95th percentile) of the Great Whale River. The increased landslide activity over the past several years can be linked to an increase in extreme summertime rainfall events. Increased landslide activity poses a real threat, through its input of large amounts of fine-grained sediment to the river, causing it to narrow. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.},
note = {5},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Climate change is impacting surficial geomorphic processes, especially in sensitive areas such as the sub-Arctic. One of the most common examples involves landslides, which often develop in glacio-isostatically raised marine clays in northeastern Canada. One of these sites, an expansive area of complex landslide terrain located at the mouth of the Great Whale River in Nunavik, has already been studied due to its age and morphology. We present new data, based on the multidisciplinary research including geomorphic, dendrochronological, and hydroclimatological analyses, allowing us to determine how contemporary climate change has affected landslide reactivation during the last 80 years. Our research included collecting 60 cores from Picea glauca trees, growing on the marginal zone of a landslide deposit, as well as from a reference site. The tilted trees formed eccentric growth-ring patterns, which provided us with reliable dates on the landslide events. In addition to these dendrochronological data, we studied these landslides using repeated aerial photography, which showed changes in river channel constrictions in the period 1969–2019. Based on the eccentricity index of the tree ring data, we recognized disturbance events due to landslides. We compared these data with the hydroclimatological conditions and found clearly visible correlations between heavy rainfall and discharge (>95th percentile) of the Great Whale River. The increased landslide activity over the past several years can be linked to an increase in extreme summertime rainfall events. Increased landslide activity poses a real threat, through its input of large amounts of fine-grained sediment to the river, causing it to narrow. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Chen, F.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Owczarek, P.; Chen, Y.
Summer monsoon season streamflow variations in the middle yellow river since 1570 CE inferred from tree rings of Pinus tabulaeformis Journal Article
In: Atmosphere, vol. 11, no. 7, 2020, ISSN: 20734433, (8).
@article{2-s2.0-85088112441,
title = {Summer monsoon season streamflow variations in the middle yellow river since 1570 CE inferred from tree rings of Pinus tabulaeformis},
author = { F. Chen and M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and Y. Chen},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85088112441&doi=10.3390%2fatmos11070717&partnerID=40&md5=9904e35c71296cf8bc014a610340de70},
doi = {10.3390/atmos11070717},
issn = {20734433},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Atmosphere},
volume = {11},
number = {7},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {This study investigates the potential reconstruction of summer monsoon season streamflow variations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River from tree rings in the Qinling Mountains. The regional chronology is significantly positively correlated with the July-October streamflow of the middle Yellow River from 1919 to 1949, and the derived reconstruction explains 36.4% of the actual streamflow variance during this period. High streamflows occurred during 1644-1757, 1795-1806, 1818-1833, 1882-1900, 1909-1920 and 1933-1963. Low streamflows occurred during 1570-1643, 1758-1794, 1807-1817, 1834-1868, 1921-1932 and 1964-2012. High and low streamflow intervals also correspond well to the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) intensity. Some negative correlations of our streamflow reconstruction with Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) also suggest the linkage of regional streamflow changes to the Asian summer monsoon circulation. Although climate change has some important effects on the variation in streamflow, anthropogenic activities are the primary factors mediating the flow cessation of the Yellow River, based on streamflow reconstruction. © 2020 by the authors.},
note = {8},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study investigates the potential reconstruction of summer monsoon season streamflow variations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River from tree rings in the Qinling Mountains. The regional chronology is significantly positively correlated with the July-October streamflow of the middle Yellow River from 1919 to 1949, and the derived reconstruction explains 36.4% of the actual streamflow variance during this period. High streamflows occurred during 1644-1757, 1795-1806, 1818-1833, 1882-1900, 1909-1920 and 1933-1963. Low streamflows occurred during 1570-1643, 1758-1794, 1807-1817, 1834-1868, 1921-1932 and 1964-2012. High and low streamflow intervals also correspond well to the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) intensity. Some negative correlations of our streamflow reconstruction with Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) also suggest the linkage of regional streamflow changes to the Asian summer monsoon circulation. Although climate change has some important effects on the variation in streamflow, anthropogenic activities are the primary factors mediating the flow cessation of the Yellow River, based on streamflow reconstruction. © 2020 by the authors.
Owczarek, P.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Migała, K.
In: Environmental Research Letters, vol. 16, no. 1, 2020, ISSN: 17489318, (3).
@article{2-s2.0-85098574000,
title = {Post-1980s shift in the sensitivity of tundra vegetation to climate revealed by the first dendrochronological record from Bear Island (Bjornoya), western Barents Sea},
author = { P. Owczarek and M. Opała-Owczarek and K. Migała},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098574000&doi=10.1088%2f1748-9326%2fabd063&partnerID=40&md5=62b4ffd5b7fbf956d4b357a9d9840d89},
doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/abd063},
issn = {17489318},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
publisher = {IOP Publishing Ltd},
abstract = {Tundra vegetation dynamics are an excellent indicator of Arctic climate change. In many places in the Arctic, greening of tundra has been observed since the 1980s due to rapid increases in temperature. However, in some areas the opposite process has taken place in connection with a reduction in biomass production. The spatial patterns of tundra 'greening' and 'browning' constitute important issues in the contemporary analysis of polar ecosystems. The aim of our study was to assess recent tundra vegetation dynamics on the basis of changes in annual growth ring widths of the polar willow. Bjornoya (Bear Island), located in the western part of the Barents Sea is an important site in the transition zone between the high and low Arctic. No dendrochronological studies have been conducted to date due to the island's isolation, which makes access very difficult. In 2012 and 2016, 43 samples of Salix polaris Wahlenb. were taken from the south-eastern part of Bear Island. An average chronology of the 29 most closely correlated measurement series was then compiled, covering 95 years (1922-2016); however, the time span 1946-2016 was used for the climate-growth analysis. Beginning in the mid-1980s, an increase in the width of annual increments was observed, whereas over the last decade (since 2005) the growth rate has declined rapidly. Simple correlation analyses showed that temperatures in spring and summer had the positive influence on the radial growth of the polar willow; however, the results of the moving correlation analysis made it possible to conclude that this relationship is more complex and time-dependent. Sensitivity of radial growth to temperature was strongest in the years 1955-2005, whereas the decrease in the strength of positive correlation with temperature since 2005 has been accompanied by a significant increase in the importance of summer precipitation. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.},
note = {3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Tundra vegetation dynamics are an excellent indicator of Arctic climate change. In many places in the Arctic, greening of tundra has been observed since the 1980s due to rapid increases in temperature. However, in some areas the opposite process has taken place in connection with a reduction in biomass production. The spatial patterns of tundra 'greening' and 'browning' constitute important issues in the contemporary analysis of polar ecosystems. The aim of our study was to assess recent tundra vegetation dynamics on the basis of changes in annual growth ring widths of the polar willow. Bjornoya (Bear Island), located in the western part of the Barents Sea is an important site in the transition zone between the high and low Arctic. No dendrochronological studies have been conducted to date due to the island's isolation, which makes access very difficult. In 2012 and 2016, 43 samples of Salix polaris Wahlenb. were taken from the south-eastern part of Bear Island. An average chronology of the 29 most closely correlated measurement series was then compiled, covering 95 years (1922-2016); however, the time span 1946-2016 was used for the climate-growth analysis. Beginning in the mid-1980s, an increase in the width of annual increments was observed, whereas over the last decade (since 2005) the growth rate has declined rapidly. Simple correlation analyses showed that temperatures in spring and summer had the positive influence on the radial growth of the polar willow; however, the results of the moving correlation analysis made it possible to conclude that this relationship is more complex and time-dependent. Sensitivity of radial growth to temperature was strongest in the years 1955-2005, whereas the decrease in the strength of positive correlation with temperature since 2005 has been accompanied by a significant increase in the importance of summer precipitation. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Owczarek, P.; Łupikasza, E. B.; Boudreau, S.; Migała, K.
Influence of climatic conditions on growth rings of Salix uva-ursi Pursh from the southeastern shore of Hudson Bay, Subarctic Canada Journal Article
In: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 87-102, 2020, ISSN: 15230430, (6).
@article{2-s2.0-85081921948,
title = {Influence of climatic conditions on growth rings of Salix uva-ursi Pursh from the southeastern shore of Hudson Bay, Subarctic Canada},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and E.B. Łupikasza and S. Boudreau and K. Migała},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081921948&doi=10.1080%2f15230430.2020.1722397&partnerID=40&md5=1684d8040b73f7ce8253e01b0dd81c52},
doi = {10.1080/15230430.2020.1722397},
issn = {15230430},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research},
volume = {52},
number = {1},
pages = {87-102},
publisher = {Taylor and Francis Ltd.},
abstract = {Over the past decades, warmer air temperature and spatiotemporal changes in the amount and patterns of precipitation have been observed at high latitudes. Such interannual variability in climatic conditions has a strong influence on the dynamics of biological processes regulating terrestrial ecosystems. Dendroclimatology can improve our understanding of the impacts of climate change on vegetation. Based on ring width and frost rings of bearberry willow (Salix uva-ursi) individuals sampled on the southeastern shore of Hudson Bay, Nunavik (Subarctic Québec; Canada), we built a reliable 105-year growth chronology. A complex dendroclimatological analysis, using the standard approach (mean temperature and precipitation sums), extreme variables, and various climatological indices based on daily data, was conducted in order to precisely describe the relationship between annual variations in growth rings and climatic conditions. The growth of Low Arctic willows in the Hudson Bay region is determined by changes in air temperatures as well as precipitation during the summer. However, temperature increases and reductions in amounts of rainfall may intensify drought stress, which is unfavorable for this species. We found that analysis of daily amounts and intensity of precipitation improved our understanding of the factors conditioning the growth of the studied species in an extreme habitat. © 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.},
note = {6},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Over the past decades, warmer air temperature and spatiotemporal changes in the amount and patterns of precipitation have been observed at high latitudes. Such interannual variability in climatic conditions has a strong influence on the dynamics of biological processes regulating terrestrial ecosystems. Dendroclimatology can improve our understanding of the impacts of climate change on vegetation. Based on ring width and frost rings of bearberry willow (Salix uva-ursi) individuals sampled on the southeastern shore of Hudson Bay, Nunavik (Subarctic Québec; Canada), we built a reliable 105-year growth chronology. A complex dendroclimatological analysis, using the standard approach (mean temperature and precipitation sums), extreme variables, and various climatological indices based on daily data, was conducted in order to precisely describe the relationship between annual variations in growth rings and climatic conditions. The growth of Low Arctic willows in the Hudson Bay region is determined by changes in air temperatures as well as precipitation during the summer. However, temperature increases and reductions in amounts of rainfall may intensify drought stress, which is unfavorable for this species. We found that analysis of daily amounts and intensity of precipitation improved our understanding of the factors conditioning the growth of the studied species in an extreme habitat. © 2020, © 2020 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
2019
Opała-Owczarek, M.
Warm-season temperature reconstruction from high-elevation juniper tree rings over the past millennium in the Pamir region Journal Article
In: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol. 532, 2019, ISSN: 00310182, (7).
@article{2-s2.0-85068532082,
title = {Warm-season temperature reconstruction from high-elevation juniper tree rings over the past millennium in the Pamir region},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068532082&doi=10.1016%2fj.palaeo.2019.109248&partnerID=40&md5=ab1a799eac9612db3f96b26f43e6943c},
doi = {10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109248},
issn = {00310182},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
volume = {532},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {Despite the great interest in the study of climate change in Central Asia, there are still research gaps; the spatial distribution of the natural proxy data is uneven, and our knowledge of past climate variability is incomplete. Recently many investigations have focused mainly on the region of the Tibetan Plateau and Tian Shan Mountains. Dendroclimatological field research in the western and central parts of the Pamir-Alay Mountains was conducted in the summer of 2015, within glacial cirques at elevations above 3000 m. On the basis of 49 juniper samples with northern exposures, warm season (May–September) Tmin values were reconstructed from 1301 to 2015 A.D. The reconstruction explains 53.6% of the actual temperature variance during the period 1941–1990. On the basis of the newly-developed paleoclimatological record, the time and duration of the MWP, TP, and LIA was established for the Pamir region. Close agreement between other temperature-related proxy records suggest that the reconstruction is highly reliable and captures the regional cold/warm periods of Central Asia. Therefore, the results of this study can contribute to understanding historical temperature changes in the Pamir region and its surroundings. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.},
note = {7},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Despite the great interest in the study of climate change in Central Asia, there are still research gaps; the spatial distribution of the natural proxy data is uneven, and our knowledge of past climate variability is incomplete. Recently many investigations have focused mainly on the region of the Tibetan Plateau and Tian Shan Mountains. Dendroclimatological field research in the western and central parts of the Pamir-Alay Mountains was conducted in the summer of 2015, within glacial cirques at elevations above 3000 m. On the basis of 49 juniper samples with northern exposures, warm season (May–September) Tmin values were reconstructed from 1301 to 2015 A.D. The reconstruction explains 53.6% of the actual temperature variance during the period 1941–1990. On the basis of the newly-developed paleoclimatological record, the time and duration of the MWP, TP, and LIA was established for the Pamir region. Close agreement between other temperature-related proxy records suggest that the reconstruction is highly reliable and captures the regional cold/warm periods of Central Asia. Therefore, the results of this study can contribute to understanding historical temperature changes in the Pamir region and its surroundings. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Błaś, M.; Owczarek, P.; Sobik, M.; Godek, M.
In: Physical Geography, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 186-208, 2019, ISSN: 02723646, (7).
@article{2-s2.0-85057337240,
title = {A dendroclimatological study of east- and west-facing slopes in mountainous areas subjected to strong air pollution (the Sudetes, Central Europe)},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and M. Błaś and P. Owczarek and M. Sobik and M. Godek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85057337240&doi=10.1080%2f02723646.2018.1547872&partnerID=40&md5=74f1b916d8a77d0cbd916ea34e5b5ada},
doi = {10.1080/02723646.2018.1547872},
issn = {02723646},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Physical Geography},
volume = {40},
number = {2},
pages = {186-208},
publisher = {Taylor and Francis Inc.},
abstract = {The Sudetes Mountains (Central Europe) were under a particularly intense long-term air pollution load during the 1970s and 1980s. Intense industrial activity in this area led to large-scale forest dieback and reductions in tree growth rates, potentially limiting the use of tree-ring data from this region in dendroclimatic research. In this paper, ring-width chronologies were constructed for 493 Norway spruce trees (Picea abies L. Karst.) from 17 sampling sites within five major mountain ranges in the Sudetes Mountains of Poland. Growth-climate response data indicate that April‒July temperatures are the main factor affecting radial growth of trees in the study area. Our data also indicate the strong influence of slope aspect on temperature signal strength. The lowest correlation values were obtained for sites located on western slopes with effective fog deposition, which are strongly affected by pollution. An appropriate sampling strategy resulted in the creation of a temperature-sensitive proxy record (rAMJJ = 0.70), exceptional for areas under strong pressure from human activity. Based on a regional master chronology, growing season (April‒July) temperatures over the past 200 years were then reconstructed. Four warm and four cold periods were distinguished and compared with other reconstructions and long-term instrumental data. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.},
note = {7},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Sudetes Mountains (Central Europe) were under a particularly intense long-term air pollution load during the 1970s and 1980s. Intense industrial activity in this area led to large-scale forest dieback and reductions in tree growth rates, potentially limiting the use of tree-ring data from this region in dendroclimatic research. In this paper, ring-width chronologies were constructed for 493 Norway spruce trees (Picea abies L. Karst.) from 17 sampling sites within five major mountain ranges in the Sudetes Mountains of Poland. Growth-climate response data indicate that April‒July temperatures are the main factor affecting radial growth of trees in the study area. Our data also indicate the strong influence of slope aspect on temperature signal strength. The lowest correlation values were obtained for sites located on western slopes with effective fog deposition, which are strongly affected by pollution. An appropriate sampling strategy resulted in the creation of a temperature-sensitive proxy record (rAMJJ = 0.70), exceptional for areas under strong pressure from human activity. Based on a regional master chronology, growing season (April‒July) temperatures over the past 200 years were then reconstructed. Four warm and four cold periods were distinguished and compared with other reconstructions and long-term instrumental data. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Niedźwiedź, T.
In: Quaternary Research (United States), vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 450-, 2019, ISSN: 00335894.
@article{2-s2.0-85064967020,
title = {Erratum: Last 1100 yr of precipitation variability in western central Asia as revealed by tree-ring data from the Pamir-Alay (Quaternary Research (2018) DOI: 10.1017/qua.2018.21)},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85064967020&doi=10.1017%2fqua.2018.66&partnerID=40&md5=77b6bfb5de1b7a3a7c9865994fc6e91b},
doi = {10.1017/qua.2018.66},
issn = {00335894},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Quaternary Research (United States)},
volume = {91},
number = {1},
pages = {450-},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
abstract = {Additional funding information for Opała-Owczarek and Niedźwiedź (2018) inadvertently omitted from the original publication is as follows: The open access has been financed from the funds of the Leading National Research Centre (KNOW) received by the Centre for Polar Studies of the University of Silesia, Poland. The authors apologize for this omission. © 2018 University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Additional funding information for Opała-Owczarek and Niedźwiedź (2018) inadvertently omitted from the original publication is as follows: The open access has been financed from the funds of the Leading National Research Centre (KNOW) received by the Centre for Polar Studies of the University of Silesia, Poland. The authors apologize for this omission. © 2018 University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Owczarek, P.
In: pp. 195-214, Springer International Publishing, 2019, ISBN: 9783030007287; 9783030007270, (3).
@inbook{2-s2.0-85064376802,
title = {Dry and humid periods reconstructed from tree rings in the former Territory of Sogdiana (Central Asia) and their socio-economic consequences over the last millennium},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85064376802&doi=10.1007%2f978-3-030-00728-7_9&partnerID=40&md5=b97193239012ccfe947b161d56cad223},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-00728-7_9},
isbn = {9783030007287; 9783030007270},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Socio-Environmental Dynamics Along the Historical Silk Road},
pages = {195-214},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
abstract = {One of the richest societies along the Silk Road developed in Sogdiana, located in present-day Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan. This urban civilisation reached its greatest prosperity during the golden age of the Silk Road (sixth to ninth century ce). Rapid political and economic changes, accelerated by climatic variations, were observed during last millennium in this region. The newly developed tree-ring-based reconstruction of precipitation for the pastmillennium revealed a series of dry and wet stages. During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), two dry periods occurred (900–1000 and 1200–1250), interrupted by a phase of wetter conditions. Distinct dry periods occurred around 1510–1650, 1750–1850, and 1920–1970, respectively. The juniper tree-ring record of moisture changes revealed that major dry and pluvial episodes were consistent with those indicated by hydroclimatic proxy data from adjacent areas. These climate fluctuations have had longand short term consequences for human history in the territory of former Sogdiana. © The Author(s) 2019.},
note = {3},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
One of the richest societies along the Silk Road developed in Sogdiana, located in present-day Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan. This urban civilisation reached its greatest prosperity during the golden age of the Silk Road (sixth to ninth century ce). Rapid political and economic changes, accelerated by climatic variations, were observed during last millennium in this region. The newly developed tree-ring-based reconstruction of precipitation for the pastmillennium revealed a series of dry and wet stages. During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), two dry periods occurred (900–1000 and 1200–1250), interrupted by a phase of wetter conditions. Distinct dry periods occurred around 1510–1650, 1750–1850, and 1920–1970, respectively. The juniper tree-ring record of moisture changes revealed that major dry and pluvial episodes were consistent with those indicated by hydroclimatic proxy data from adjacent areas. These climate fluctuations have had longand short term consequences for human history in the territory of former Sogdiana. © The Author(s) 2019.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Niedźwiedź, T.
Last 1100 yr of precipitation variability in western central Asia as revealed by tree-ring data from the Pamir-Alay Journal Article
In: Quaternary Research (United States), vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 81-95, 2019, ISSN: 00335894, (16).
@article{2-s2.0-85063404368,
title = {Last 1100 yr of precipitation variability in western central Asia as revealed by tree-ring data from the Pamir-Alay},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063404368&doi=10.1017%2fqua.2018.21&partnerID=40&md5=67582acfd2b79ce580c8948980e2c228},
doi = {10.1017/qua.2018.21},
issn = {00335894},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Quaternary Research (United States)},
volume = {91},
number = {1},
pages = {81-95},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
abstract = {We developed a 1108 yr chronology of tree-ring widths, based on 64 Himalayan pencil juniper (Juniperus semiglobosa Regel) trees, for the Pamir-Alay Mountains, central Asia. Dendroclimatological analysis demonstrates that precipitation has significant effects on tree growth in the semiarid mountainous area of northwestern Tajikistan located on the edge of the great midlatitude Karakum and Kyzylkum deserts. The highest level of linear correlation (r=0.67) is observed between tree growth and seasonalised winter (previous December-February) precipitation. Our studies also show that moisture (precipitation/Palmer Drought Severity Index) from the previous June to the current September was the dominant climatic factor accounting for interannual variations in tree-ring width, suggesting that this should be considered in climate reconstruction. Using the transfer function method, we reconstructed the region's drought history over the period AD 908-2015. The results of this moisture reconstruction showed that the most recent millennium was characterised by series of dry and wet stages. The driest periods occurred before 1000, 1200-1250, and at the end of the eighteenth century and beginning of the nineteenth century. The wettest conditions existed in 1650-1700 and after 1990. © 2018 University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press.},
note = {16},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We developed a 1108 yr chronology of tree-ring widths, based on 64 Himalayan pencil juniper (Juniperus semiglobosa Regel) trees, for the Pamir-Alay Mountains, central Asia. Dendroclimatological analysis demonstrates that precipitation has significant effects on tree growth in the semiarid mountainous area of northwestern Tajikistan located on the edge of the great midlatitude Karakum and Kyzylkum deserts. The highest level of linear correlation (r=0.67) is observed between tree growth and seasonalised winter (previous December-February) precipitation. Our studies also show that moisture (precipitation/Palmer Drought Severity Index) from the previous June to the current September was the dominant climatic factor accounting for interannual variations in tree-ring width, suggesting that this should be considered in climate reconstruction. Using the transfer function method, we reconstructed the region's drought history over the period AD 908-2015. The results of this moisture reconstruction showed that the most recent millennium was characterised by series of dry and wet stages. The driest periods occurred before 1000, 1200-1250, and at the end of the eighteenth century and beginning of the nineteenth century. The wettest conditions existed in 1650-1700 and after 1990. © 2018 University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press.
2018
Owczarek, P.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Rahmonov, O.; Razzokov, A.; Jary, Z.; Niedźwiedź, T.
In: Quaternary Research (United States), vol. 89, no. 3, pp. 691-701, 2018, ISSN: 00335894, (6).
@article{2-s2.0-85042525791,
title = {Relationships between loess and the Silk Road reflected by environmental change and its implications for human societies in the area of ancient Panjikent, central Asia},
author = { P. Owczarek and M. Opała-Owczarek and O. Rahmonov and A. Razzokov and Z. Jary and T. Niedźwiedź},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042525791&doi=10.1017%2fqua.2017.69&partnerID=40&md5=1f47addef5a784788318a7892f084ec9},
doi = {10.1017/qua.2017.69},
issn = {00335894},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Quaternary Research (United States)},
volume = {89},
number = {3},
pages = {691-701},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
abstract = {Rich ancient societies of central Asia developed on the basis of trade between East and West; their existence was dependent on natural resources that favoured agriculture. The branches of the Silk Road in central Asia clearly coincide with loess areas, where many settlements were erected based on the presence of fertile loess soil and water. The aim of the study was to analyse the environmental factors that led to the growth and decline of one of the most important Silk Road loess towns, ancient Panjikent, as an example of human and climatic impacts on landscape changes. The town, established in the fifth century, quickly became one of the most important cities of Sogdiana. Local loess material was used for the production of the sun-dried bricks. Rapid population growth led to deforestation and consequently increased the intensity of erosion rates and reductions in cultivation area. A period of drought near the end of the first millennium AD influenced the final abandonment of the ancient town and its relocation to the lower terrace of the Zarafshan River. A decline in natural and agricultural resources and subsequently climatic forces caused a decline in the number of cities in semiarid regions of central Asia. Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2017.},
note = {6},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Rich ancient societies of central Asia developed on the basis of trade between East and West; their existence was dependent on natural resources that favoured agriculture. The branches of the Silk Road in central Asia clearly coincide with loess areas, where many settlements were erected based on the presence of fertile loess soil and water. The aim of the study was to analyse the environmental factors that led to the growth and decline of one of the most important Silk Road loess towns, ancient Panjikent, as an example of human and climatic impacts on landscape changes. The town, established in the fifth century, quickly became one of the most important cities of Sogdiana. Local loess material was used for the production of the sun-dried bricks. Rapid population growth led to deforestation and consequently increased the intensity of erosion rates and reductions in cultivation area. A period of drought near the end of the first millennium AD influenced the final abandonment of the ancient town and its relocation to the lower terrace of the Zarafshan River. A decline in natural and agricultural resources and subsequently climatic forces caused a decline in the number of cities in semiarid regions of central Asia. Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2017.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Pirożnikow, E.; Owczarek, P.; Szymański, W.; Luks, B.; Kępski, D.; Szymanowski, M.; Wojtuń, B.; Migała, K.
The influence of abiotic factors on the growth of two vascular plant species (Saxifraga oppositifolia and Salix polaris) in the High Arctic Journal Article
In: Catena, vol. 163, pp. 219-232, 2018, ISSN: 03418162, (16).
@article{2-s2.0-85042232603,
title = {The influence of abiotic factors on the growth of two vascular plant species (Saxifraga oppositifolia and Salix polaris) in the High Arctic},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and E. Pirożnikow and P. Owczarek and W. Szymański and B. Luks and D. Kępski and M. Szymanowski and B. Wojtuń and K. Migała},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042232603&doi=10.1016%2fj.catena.2017.12.018&partnerID=40&md5=2762017343af23f67e9d022bf5cc3062},
doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2017.12.018},
issn = {03418162},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Catena},
volume = {163},
pages = {219-232},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {The aim of this paper is to comprehensively evaluate the abiotic factors that influence changes in the annual growth rates of selected species of tundra plants (Saxifraga oppositifolia L. and Salix polaris Wahlenb.). The study was conducted in the area of the Fuglebergsletta coastal plain, in the vicinity of the Polish Polar Station (Wedel Jarlsberg Land; SW Spitsbergen). Relationships between the studied phenomenon and basic environmental factors and climate indicators were evaluated. The spatial variation of land surface temperatures (LST) was determined, as were the effects of the physical and chemical properties of soils and the spring melting of snow cover on growth rates. It has been argued that the spatial and seasonal variability of annual growth is determined by the rate at which snow cover disappears and by soil moisture, which determines plants’ access to water. Soil moisture depends on soil particle size distribution and weather; it is regulated by the supply of snowmelt water and rainfall as well as by the depth of the top layer of permafrost (thaw depth), which determines the level of groundwater during the growing season. The spatial characteristics of the process of the disappearance of seasonal snow cover are co-determined by the morphology of the substrate and the physical properties of the soil. An important but destructive role is played by thawing episodes, which are increasingly frequent in the winter season, ‘rain-on-snow’ events, and glaze ice. The values of correlation coefficients indicate a positive role for precipitation and negative influence of temperature. The higher the temperature (along with low precipitation), the lesser the extent of plant growth. The observed trend towards warming in polar areas does not inevitably lead to an increase in biomass production. An increase in temperature during the growing season does not necessarily promote plant growth, but rather indicates drought stress caused by the lowering of groundwater levels related to the increase in thaw depth. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.},
note = {16},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The aim of this paper is to comprehensively evaluate the abiotic factors that influence changes in the annual growth rates of selected species of tundra plants (Saxifraga oppositifolia L. and Salix polaris Wahlenb.). The study was conducted in the area of the Fuglebergsletta coastal plain, in the vicinity of the Polish Polar Station (Wedel Jarlsberg Land; SW Spitsbergen). Relationships between the studied phenomenon and basic environmental factors and climate indicators were evaluated. The spatial variation of land surface temperatures (LST) was determined, as were the effects of the physical and chemical properties of soils and the spring melting of snow cover on growth rates. It has been argued that the spatial and seasonal variability of annual growth is determined by the rate at which snow cover disappears and by soil moisture, which determines plants’ access to water. Soil moisture depends on soil particle size distribution and weather; it is regulated by the supply of snowmelt water and rainfall as well as by the depth of the top layer of permafrost (thaw depth), which determines the level of groundwater during the growing season. The spatial characteristics of the process of the disappearance of seasonal snow cover are co-determined by the morphology of the substrate and the physical properties of the soil. An important but destructive role is played by thawing episodes, which are increasingly frequent in the winter season, ‘rain-on-snow’ events, and glaze ice. The values of correlation coefficients indicate a positive role for precipitation and negative influence of temperature. The higher the temperature (along with low precipitation), the lesser the extent of plant growth. The observed trend towards warming in polar areas does not inevitably lead to an increase in biomass production. An increase in temperature during the growing season does not necessarily promote plant growth, but rather indicates drought stress caused by the lowering of groundwater levels related to the increase in thaw depth. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Owczarek, P.; Rahmonov, O.; Niedźwiedź, T.
The first dendrochronological dating of timber from Tajikistan-potential for developing a millennial tree-ring record Journal Article
In: Tree-Ring Research, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 50-62, 2018, ISSN: 15361098, (6).
@article{2-s2.0-85042534475,
title = {The first dendrochronological dating of timber from Tajikistan-potential for developing a millennial tree-ring record},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and O. Rahmonov and T. Niedźwiedź},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042534475&doi=10.3959%2f1536-1098-74.1.50&partnerID=40&md5=aafc558af157cc8fd8a21549076cb6fb},
doi = {10.3959/1536-1098-74.1.50},
issn = {15361098},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Tree-Ring Research},
volume = {74},
number = {1},
pages = {50-62},
publisher = {Tree Ring Society},
abstract = {We are reporting the first dendrochronological dating of timber from Tajikistan. Thirty samples were collected from two old buildings from a village located in the western Pamir-Alay; eight cores were taken from temple. Most of the construction wood was juniper species. The object chronologies crossdated well with the previously published chronology based on living juniper trees from western Pamir-Alay. The results of dating revealed that investigated structures are composed of wood coming from several periods. The oldest pieces of wood dated back to the 11th and 12th Centuries. Most timber samples come from the turn of the 17th and 18th Centuries, which were probably the period of intense development of the Artuch village. Besides dating of the wood samples from these historic structures, our investigation provides the opportunity to extend the currently existing regional tree-ring chronology for future climate reconstruction of the Pamir-Alay and High Asia. Dated sequences were assembled into a 1012-year chronology spanning the period 945-2014 C.E. and strengthened the replication of its earliest part (with critical 0.85 EPS value since the beginning of the 13th Century). © Copyright 2018 by The Tree-Ring Society.},
note = {6},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We are reporting the first dendrochronological dating of timber from Tajikistan. Thirty samples were collected from two old buildings from a village located in the western Pamir-Alay; eight cores were taken from temple. Most of the construction wood was juniper species. The object chronologies crossdated well with the previously published chronology based on living juniper trees from western Pamir-Alay. The results of dating revealed that investigated structures are composed of wood coming from several periods. The oldest pieces of wood dated back to the 11th and 12th Centuries. Most timber samples come from the turn of the 17th and 18th Centuries, which were probably the period of intense development of the Artuch village. Besides dating of the wood samples from these historic structures, our investigation provides the opportunity to extend the currently existing regional tree-ring chronology for future climate reconstruction of the Pamir-Alay and High Asia. Dated sequences were assembled into a 1012-year chronology spanning the period 945-2014 C.E. and strengthened the replication of its earliest part (with critical 0.85 EPS value since the beginning of the 13th Century). © Copyright 2018 by The Tree-Ring Society.
2017
Owczarek, P.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Rahmonov, O.; Mendecki, M. J.
100 Years of earthquakes in the Pamir region as recorded in juniper wood: A case study of Tajikistan Journal Article
In: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, vol. 138, pp. 173-185, 2017, ISSN: 13679120, (13).
@article{2-s2.0-85013223033,
title = {100 Years of earthquakes in the Pamir region as recorded in juniper wood: A case study of Tajikistan},
author = { P. Owczarek and M. Opała-Owczarek and O. Rahmonov and M.J. Mendecki},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85013223033&doi=10.1016%2fj.jseaes.2017.02.011&partnerID=40&md5=69eea2020cfd4f1127c23e138c4d7f7a},
doi = {10.1016/j.jseaes.2017.02.011},
issn = {13679120},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Asian Earth Sciences},
volume = {138},
pages = {173-185},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
abstract = {Active tectonics reflect high seismicity rates in the Pamir and surrounding areas. Long-lived trees growing in the western Pamir-Alay mountains are affected by ground accelerations and seismic-induced geomorphic processes. At a high-mountain site in the Pamir-Alay, 45 juniper trees were sampled in order to analyze the potential role of these trees in the reconstruction of disturbance events. Although the trees have a maximum age c. 500 years, only the period of the last 100 years was analyzed, aiming for the dendrochronological identification of earthquake events known by historic documents and measurements. Analysis mainly showed non-climatic growth suppression and releases. These signals were identified as the results of tectonic disturbances. Tree-ring data recorded many earthquakes from which the most distinct were: 1907, 1923, 1943, 1955, 1982, and 1998. The 1907 and 1923 large earthquakes took place after the vegetation period; therefore, growth reduction appeared in the following year. The 1943, 1955, 1982, and 1998 events occurred just before or during the vegetation period and therefore induced the immediate reduction of tree rings in the earthquake year. The identification of the characteristic growth ring patterns, which are a response to large earthquakes, will enable the reconstruction of these events in the past on the basis of centuries-long dendrochronological records. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd},
note = {13},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Active tectonics reflect high seismicity rates in the Pamir and surrounding areas. Long-lived trees growing in the western Pamir-Alay mountains are affected by ground accelerations and seismic-induced geomorphic processes. At a high-mountain site in the Pamir-Alay, 45 juniper trees were sampled in order to analyze the potential role of these trees in the reconstruction of disturbance events. Although the trees have a maximum age c. 500 years, only the period of the last 100 years was analyzed, aiming for the dendrochronological identification of earthquake events known by historic documents and measurements. Analysis mainly showed non-climatic growth suppression and releases. These signals were identified as the results of tectonic disturbances. Tree-ring data recorded many earthquakes from which the most distinct were: 1907, 1923, 1943, 1955, 1982, and 1998. The 1907 and 1923 large earthquakes took place after the vegetation period; therefore, growth reduction appeared in the following year. The 1943, 1955, 1982, and 1998 events occurred just before or during the vegetation period and therefore induced the immediate reduction of tree rings in the earthquake year. The identification of the characteristic growth ring patterns, which are a response to large earthquakes, will enable the reconstruction of these events in the past on the basis of centuries-long dendrochronological records. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
Rahmonov, O.; Rahmonov, M.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Owczarek, P.; Niedźwiedź, T.; Myga-Piątek, U.
In: Geographia Polonica, vol. 90, no. 4, pp. 441-461, 2017, ISSN: 00167282, (9).
@article{2-s2.0-85039551454,
title = {Ecological and cultural importance of juniper ecosystem in the area of zeravshan valley (tajikistan) on the background of environmental condition and anthropogenic hazards},
author = { O. Rahmonov and M. Rahmonov and M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź and U. Myga-Piątek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85039551454&doi=10.7163%2fGPol.0110&partnerID=40&md5=8289da99ec83dae9611d00fd4d1b5999},
doi = {10.7163/GPol.0110},
issn = {00167282},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Geographia Polonica},
volume = {90},
number = {4},
pages = {441-461},
publisher = {Polska Akademia Nauk},
abstract = {The study analyses physiogeographical factors of the Zeravshan Range as a basis for environmental and habitat diversity. They provided the background for considering conditions for the functioning of juniper forest ecosystems. The uniqueness of these ecosystems also relies on the longevity of Juniperus seravschanica Kom., J. semiglobosa Regel and J. turkestanica Kom. Physiognomic features of the landscape are conditioned by the habitat, climate, landforms, and recently also by anthropopressure. The ecological, environmental and the cultural importance of juniper trees makes them a distinctive and determinant feature of the landscape. Currently juniper forests across Tajikistan, including those in the Zeravshan Mts., have been significantly disrupted as a result of chaotic, uncontrolled and excessive felling. The purpose of this article is to present natural conditions of juniper forest ecosystems, the impact of anthropogenic changes on their functioning as well as the occurrence of endemic species within them. The cultural importance of juniper in the protection of the surrounding landscape was also analysed. © Oimahmad Rahmonov Małgorzata Rahmonov Magdalena Opała-Owczarek Piotr Owczarek Tadeusz Niedźwiedź Urszula Myga-Piątek and Geographia Polonica and Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw 2017.},
note = {9},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The study analyses physiogeographical factors of the Zeravshan Range as a basis for environmental and habitat diversity. They provided the background for considering conditions for the functioning of juniper forest ecosystems. The uniqueness of these ecosystems also relies on the longevity of Juniperus seravschanica Kom., J. semiglobosa Regel and J. turkestanica Kom. Physiognomic features of the landscape are conditioned by the habitat, climate, landforms, and recently also by anthropopressure. The ecological, environmental and the cultural importance of juniper trees makes them a distinctive and determinant feature of the landscape. Currently juniper forests across Tajikistan, including those in the Zeravshan Mts., have been significantly disrupted as a result of chaotic, uncontrolled and excessive felling. The purpose of this article is to present natural conditions of juniper forest ecosystems, the impact of anthropogenic changes on their functioning as well as the occurrence of endemic species within them. The cultural importance of juniper in the protection of the surrounding landscape was also analysed. © Oimahmad Rahmonov Małgorzata Rahmonov Magdalena Opała-Owczarek Piotr Owczarek Tadeusz Niedźwiedź Urszula Myga-Piątek and Geographia Polonica and Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw 2017.
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Niedźwiedź, T.; Rahmonov, O.; Owczarek, P.; Małarzewski, Ł.
Towards improving the Central Asian dendrochronological network—New data from Tajikistan, Pamir-Alay Journal Article
In: Dendrochronologia, vol. 41, pp. 10-23, 2017, ISSN: 11257865, (24).
@article{2-s2.0-84962113293,
title = {Towards improving the Central Asian dendrochronological network—New data from Tajikistan, Pamir-Alay},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź and O. Rahmonov and P. Owczarek and Ł. Małarzewski},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84962113293&doi=10.1016%2fj.dendro.2016.03.006&partnerID=40&md5=54220abe2f6066c232296ef05b9fe402},
doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2016.03.006},
issn = {11257865},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Dendrochronologia},
volume = {41},
pages = {10-23},
publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},
abstract = {Millennial long tree-ring records are crucial for better understanding temperature and hydroclimatic variability over the globe. Juniper is one of particularly long-lived species, which can provide more than a thousand-year record, especially in Central Asia. However, there is a lack of dendrochronological series from the Pamir Mountains. Here we report the first 1010-year (AD 1005–2014) juniper tree-ring chronology from the mountain ranges of north-western Tajikistan, the western Pamir-Alay. We present the potential of Juniperus semiglobosa and Juniperus seravshanica in developing millennia-long records. We sampled three study sites at the elevations from 2200 to 3500 m. In general, the climate-growth analyses show that radial growth of the Himalayan pencil juniper is positively correlated with the winter precipitation and spring temperature. At some sites tree rings were also positively correlated with summer temperature. Our findings demonstrate the importance of developing the tree-ring data network for the Pamir-Alay and its potential for reconstruction of hydroclimatic variability over the last thousand years in this region. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH},
note = {24},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Millennial long tree-ring records are crucial for better understanding temperature and hydroclimatic variability over the globe. Juniper is one of particularly long-lived species, which can provide more than a thousand-year record, especially in Central Asia. However, there is a lack of dendrochronological series from the Pamir Mountains. Here we report the first 1010-year (AD 1005–2014) juniper tree-ring chronology from the mountain ranges of north-western Tajikistan, the western Pamir-Alay. We present the potential of Juniperus semiglobosa and Juniperus seravshanica in developing millennia-long records. We sampled three study sites at the elevations from 2200 to 3500 m. In general, the climate-growth analyses show that radial growth of the Himalayan pencil juniper is positively correlated with the winter precipitation and spring temperature. At some sites tree rings were also positively correlated with summer temperature. Our findings demonstrate the importance of developing the tree-ring data network for the Pamir-Alay and its potential for reconstruction of hydroclimatic variability over the last thousand years in this region. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH
2016
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Migała, K.; Owczarek, P.
Two centuries-long dendroclimatic reconstruction based on Low Arctic Betula pubescens from Tromsø Region, Northern Norway Journal Article
In: Polish Polar Research, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 457-476, 2016, ISSN: 01380338, (8).
@article{2-s2.0-85002782513,
title = {Two centuries-long dendroclimatic reconstruction based on Low Arctic Betula pubescens from Tromsø Region, Northern Norway},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and K. Migała and P. Owczarek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85002782513&doi=10.1515%2fpopore-2016-0024&partnerID=40&md5=cb8ab8abd281968a36ce7c91cc96ca3c},
doi = {10.1515/popore-2016-0024},
issn = {01380338},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Polish Polar Research},
volume = {37},
number = {4},
pages = {457-476},
publisher = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH},
abstract = {This study presents the results of dendrochronological and dendroclimatological research of Betula pubescens from four sites in northern Norway (Kvaløya Island; Tromsøya Island and Storelva Valley), which provided a 193-year chronology. Our results highlight the importance of the site selection in dendroclimatological studies. We demonstrated that activity of geomorphic processes connected with local topography could led to reduced strength of climatic signal embedded in tree-ring data. Negative pointer years, triggered mainly by unfavourable climatic conditions and insect outbreaks, were common for all site chronologies in 1945, 1955, 1965, 1975, 1986, 2004. However, some site-specific differences were also distinguished. Response function analysis confirmed that June, July and August temperatures were positively correlated with tree-ring widths. This climate-growth relationship was stable throughout the years 1925-2000. From summer temperature reconstruction back to AD 1820, two colder (c. 1835-1850 and 1890-1920) and two warmer (c. 1825-1835 and 1920-1940) periods were identified. The tree-ring record from the Tromsø Region, well correlated between series, sites and climate variables, is an important element of a large-scale reconstruction of pre-instrumental climate variation in the northeastern part of the Atlantic Ocean. Our dendroclimatic reconstruction corresponds well with other climate proxy data, like fluctuations of mountain glaciers in Scandinavia or sea ice extent. © 2016 Polish Academy of Sciences.},
note = {8},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study presents the results of dendrochronological and dendroclimatological research of Betula pubescens from four sites in northern Norway (Kvaløya Island; Tromsøya Island and Storelva Valley), which provided a 193-year chronology. Our results highlight the importance of the site selection in dendroclimatological studies. We demonstrated that activity of geomorphic processes connected with local topography could led to reduced strength of climatic signal embedded in tree-ring data. Negative pointer years, triggered mainly by unfavourable climatic conditions and insect outbreaks, were common for all site chronologies in 1945, 1955, 1965, 1975, 1986, 2004. However, some site-specific differences were also distinguished. Response function analysis confirmed that June, July and August temperatures were positively correlated with tree-ring widths. This climate-growth relationship was stable throughout the years 1925-2000. From summer temperature reconstruction back to AD 1820, two colder (c. 1835-1850 and 1890-1920) and two warmer (c. 1825-1835 and 1920-1940) periods were identified. The tree-ring record from the Tromsø Region, well correlated between series, sites and climate variables, is an important element of a large-scale reconstruction of pre-instrumental climate variation in the northeastern part of the Atlantic Ocean. Our dendroclimatic reconstruction corresponds well with other climate proxy data, like fluctuations of mountain glaciers in Scandinavia or sea ice extent. © 2016 Polish Academy of Sciences.
Owczarek, P.; Opała-Owczarek, M.
In: Geochronometria, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 84-95, 2016, ISSN: 17338387, (16).
@article{2-s2.0-84983271809,
title = {Dendrochronology and extreme pointer years in the tree-ring record (AD 1951-2011) of polar willow from southwestern Spitsbergen (Svalbard, Norway)},
author = { P. Owczarek and M. Opała-Owczarek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84983271809&doi=10.1515%2fgeochr-2015-0035&partnerID=40&md5=d7c4bc4377024ed452f748d8d2122577},
doi = {10.1515/geochr-2015-0035},
issn = {17338387},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Geochronometria},
volume = {43},
number = {1},
pages = {84-95},
publisher = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH},
abstract = {Greater warmth and precipitation over the past several decades in the High Arctic, as recorded in meteorological data, have caused shrub expansion and affected growth ring widths. The main aim of the study was to develop a tree-ring chronology of polar willow (Salix polaris Wahlenb.) from southwest Spitsbergen, attempt to explain its extreme pointer years (extremely low value of growth-ring widths) and to demonstrate the dendrochronological potential of this species. This plant is a deciduous, prostrate, creeping dwarf shrub that produces anatomically distinct annual growth rings with the consistent ring width variation. After using serial sectioning we developed rigorously cross-dated ring width chronology covering the period 1951-2011. Since the beginning of the 1980s an increase of the mean and maximum growth ring width has been observed which is consistent with the increase of both temperature and precipitation in the Arctic reported from meteorological sources. Nine negative extreme years were distinguished and explained by complex hydroclimatic drivers, which highlight the importance of availability of moisture from snowpack and spring precipitation. An additional negative factor present in the years with very low dwarf shrubs growth is rapid thawing and fast freezing during winter as well as low sunshine duration. Our results contradict the prior assumption that inter-annual tree growth variability of dwarf shrubs from polar regions is controlled simply by temperature. © 2016 P. Owczarek and M. Opała.},
note = {16},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Greater warmth and precipitation over the past several decades in the High Arctic, as recorded in meteorological data, have caused shrub expansion and affected growth ring widths. The main aim of the study was to develop a tree-ring chronology of polar willow (Salix polaris Wahlenb.) from southwest Spitsbergen, attempt to explain its extreme pointer years (extremely low value of growth-ring widths) and to demonstrate the dendrochronological potential of this species. This plant is a deciduous, prostrate, creeping dwarf shrub that produces anatomically distinct annual growth rings with the consistent ring width variation. After using serial sectioning we developed rigorously cross-dated ring width chronology covering the period 1951-2011. Since the beginning of the 1980s an increase of the mean and maximum growth ring width has been observed which is consistent with the increase of both temperature and precipitation in the Arctic reported from meteorological sources. Nine negative extreme years were distinguished and explained by complex hydroclimatic drivers, which highlight the importance of availability of moisture from snowpack and spring precipitation. An additional negative factor present in the years with very low dwarf shrubs growth is rapid thawing and fast freezing during winter as well as low sunshine duration. Our results contradict the prior assumption that inter-annual tree growth variability of dwarf shrubs from polar regions is controlled simply by temperature. © 2016 P. Owczarek and M. Opała.
2015
Sensuła, B.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Wilczyński, S.; Pawełczyk, S.
Long- and short-term incremental response of Pinus sylvestris L. from industrial area nearby steelworks in Silesian Upland, Poland Journal Article
In: Dendrochronologia, vol. 36, pp. 1-12, 2015, ISSN: 11257865, (18).
@article{2-s2.0-84941220404,
title = {Long- and short-term incremental response of Pinus sylvestris L. from industrial area nearby steelworks in Silesian Upland, Poland},
author = { B. Sensuła and M. Opała-Owczarek and S. Wilczyński and S. Pawełczyk},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84941220404&doi=10.1016%2fj.dendro.2015.08.001&partnerID=40&md5=a5566d4998a421a4fc8dbcbb1b929eb5},
doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2015.08.001},
issn = {11257865},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Dendrochronologia},
volume = {36},
pages = {1-12},
publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},
abstract = {In the current work, we present a complex analysis of the factors influencing the annual increment growth dynamics of Scots pine growing in the vicinity of the steelworks "Huta Katowice" in Dabrowa Górnicza, Poland. The conifers investigated in this study originated from nine sampling sites and their growth covered the period from 1891 to 2012 AD. A morphologically diverse terrain of research area allowed for comprehensive and detailed analyses that considered a number of factors. We determined the climatic and anthropogenic effects of tree rings width, taking into account spatiotemporal distribution of growth reductions, depth of reduction with respect to distance from the emitter and local morphology, modifications of the relationship between tree growth and climate during the period of development of industry and during the application of a pro-ecological strategy. Common periods of strong growth declines are observed between 1960 and 1980s for most of the investigated sites. The reported results indicate that in terrain of a variable relief, the influence of local factors like morphology might be more important than the distance. © 2015 Elsevier GmbH.},
note = {18},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the current work, we present a complex analysis of the factors influencing the annual increment growth dynamics of Scots pine growing in the vicinity of the steelworks "Huta Katowice" in Dabrowa Górnicza, Poland. The conifers investigated in this study originated from nine sampling sites and their growth covered the period from 1891 to 2012 AD. A morphologically diverse terrain of research area allowed for comprehensive and detailed analyses that considered a number of factors. We determined the climatic and anthropogenic effects of tree rings width, taking into account spatiotemporal distribution of growth reductions, depth of reduction with respect to distance from the emitter and local morphology, modifications of the relationship between tree growth and climate during the period of development of industry and during the application of a pro-ecological strategy. Common periods of strong growth declines are observed between 1960 and 1980s for most of the investigated sites. The reported results indicate that in terrain of a variable relief, the influence of local factors like morphology might be more important than the distance. © 2015 Elsevier GmbH.
Sensuła, B.; Wilczyński, S.; Opała-Owczarek, M.
In: Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, vol. 226, no. 7, 2015, ISSN: 00496979, (32).
@article{2-s2.0-84935028622,
title = {Tree Growth and Climate Relationship: Dynamics of Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) Growing in the Near-Source Region of the Combined Heat and Power Plant During the Development of the Pro-Ecological Strategy in Poland},
author = { B. Sensuła and S. Wilczyński and M. Opała-Owczarek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84935028622&doi=10.1007%2fs11270-015-2477-4&partnerID=40&md5=1fafa415c9828a9e68f6d773758f62dc},
doi = {10.1007/s11270-015-2477-4},
issn = {00496979},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Water, Air, and Soil Pollution},
volume = {226},
number = {7},
publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
abstract = {Abstract Since the 1990s, the emission of pollutants was reduced in a majority of Polish and developing country factories whereas the level of energy production was similar to that prior to the 1990s. The conifer investigated in this study has grown for many years under the stress of industrial pollution. Despite this, the trees are preserved, to a large extent, sensitive to the natural climatic factors. We present a complex analysis of the climatic (sunshine; temperature; precipitation; humidity; and wind circulation) and anthropogenic factors influencing the radial increment dynamics of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing in the vicinity of the combined heat and power station in Łaziska (Poland). We analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution of growth reductions, the depth of reduction with respect to the distance from the emitter, the relationship between tree growth and climate during the industry development period and during proecological strategy application. Samples of carbon isotopic composition in pine needles from 2012 to 2013 were additionally determined. Pines series of 3 positions indicate that they have a similar sensitivity to most climatic elements of the previous and given year, but there is also a different rhythm between the studied populations of incremental growth of pines. The causes of diversity are due to the different types of habitat (site types) and industrial pollution. The variation in carbon stable isotopic composition in pine needles was connected with an increase of CO2. © 2015 The Author(s).},
note = {32},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Abstract Since the 1990s, the emission of pollutants was reduced in a majority of Polish and developing country factories whereas the level of energy production was similar to that prior to the 1990s. The conifer investigated in this study has grown for many years under the stress of industrial pollution. Despite this, the trees are preserved, to a large extent, sensitive to the natural climatic factors. We present a complex analysis of the climatic (sunshine; temperature; precipitation; humidity; and wind circulation) and anthropogenic factors influencing the radial increment dynamics of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing in the vicinity of the combined heat and power station in Łaziska (Poland). We analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution of growth reductions, the depth of reduction with respect to the distance from the emitter, the relationship between tree growth and climate during the industry development period and during proecological strategy application. Samples of carbon isotopic composition in pine needles from 2012 to 2013 were additionally determined. Pines series of 3 positions indicate that they have a similar sensitivity to most climatic elements of the previous and given year, but there is also a different rhythm between the studied populations of incremental growth of pines. The causes of diversity are due to the different types of habitat (site types) and industrial pollution. The variation in carbon stable isotopic composition in pine needles was connected with an increase of CO2. © 2015 The Author(s).
Malik, I.; Wistuba, M.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Franek, M.; Woskowicz-Ślęzak, B.; Mańczyk, G.; Tyrol, C.
Erratum: Historical Water-Powered Ferrous Metallurgy Reconstructed from Tree-Rings and Lacustrine Deposits (Mała Panew Basin, Southern Poland) Journal Article
In: Geochronometria, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 158-, 2015, ISSN: 17338387, (1).
@article{2-s2.0-84946919345,
title = {Erratum: Historical Water-Powered Ferrous Metallurgy Reconstructed from Tree-Rings and Lacustrine Deposits (Mała Panew Basin, Southern Poland)},
author = { I. Malik and M. Wistuba and M. Opała-Owczarek and M. Franek and B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak and G. Mańczyk and C. Tyrol},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84946919345&doi=10.1515%2fgeochr-2015-0014&partnerID=40&md5=dd4b3a40a0d22c13f261e2a45cb28d31},
doi = {10.1515/geochr-2015-0014},
issn = {17338387},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Geochronometria},
volume = {42},
number = {1},
pages = {158-},
publisher = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH},
abstract = {[No abstract available]},
note = {1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
[No abstract available]
Malik, I.; Wistuba, M.; Opała-Owczarek, M.; Franek, M.; Woskowicz-Ślęzak, B.; Mańczyk, G.; Tyrol, C.
Historical water-powered ferrous metallurgy reconstructed from tree-rings and lacustrine deposits (Mała Panew basin, southern Poland) Journal Article
In: Geochronometria, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 79-90, 2015, ISSN: 17338387, (9).
@article{2-s2.0-84934882194,
title = {Historical water-powered ferrous metallurgy reconstructed from tree-rings and lacustrine deposits (Mała Panew basin, southern Poland)},
author = { I. Malik and M. Wistuba and M. Opała-Owczarek and M. Franek and B. Woskowicz-Ślęzak and G. Mańczyk and C. Tyrol},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84934882194&doi=10.1515%2fgeochr-2015-0004&partnerID=40&md5=e612915186288f72e8d32eb4672b37ef},
doi = {10.1515/geochr-2015-0004},
issn = {17338387},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Geochronometria},
volume = {42},
number = {1},
pages = {79-90},
publisher = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH},
abstract = {According to historical sources in the basin of Mała Panew River there were at least 56 water-powered iron smelters from 14th-19th century. Now only two metallurgy plants work in the area. Many of the former smelting settlements ceased to exist. Historical data on the smelting industry in the area are often scarce. The aim of the study was to reconstruct the history of ferrous metallurgy from (1) the remains of wooden historical buildings, (2) remains of charcoal kilns and (3) deposits from former smelter pond. Results show that Regolowiec smelting settlement existed already in the 17th century (at least several decades earlier than historical written sources suggest) and was later re-paired after destruction caused probably by floods. Charcoal used for iron smelting in the ironworks in Brusiek on the Mała Panew River was burnt at the turn of the 18th century. This is in accordance with historical sources indicating particular prosperity of the metallurgy in that period. Upstream of the ironworks in Brusiek in the first half of the 17th century a large pond existed flooding the floor of the Mała Panew valley. Study has shown that the pond was at least 100 years older than historical sources have indicated. © 2015 2015.},
note = {9},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
According to historical sources in the basin of Mała Panew River there were at least 56 water-powered iron smelters from 14th-19th century. Now only two metallurgy plants work in the area. Many of the former smelting settlements ceased to exist. Historical data on the smelting industry in the area are often scarce. The aim of the study was to reconstruct the history of ferrous metallurgy from (1) the remains of wooden historical buildings, (2) remains of charcoal kilns and (3) deposits from former smelter pond. Results show that Regolowiec smelting settlement existed already in the 17th century (at least several decades earlier than historical written sources suggest) and was later re-paired after destruction caused probably by floods. Charcoal used for iron smelting in the ironworks in Brusiek on the Mała Panew River was burnt at the turn of the 18th century. This is in accordance with historical sources indicating particular prosperity of the metallurgy in that period. Upstream of the ironworks in Brusiek in the first half of the 17th century a large pond existed flooding the floor of the Mała Panew valley. Study has shown that the pond was at least 100 years older than historical sources have indicated. © 2015 2015.
Opała-Owczarek, M.
The 443-Year Tree-Ring Chronology for the Scots Pine from Upper Silesia (Poland) as A Dating Tool and Climate Proxy Journal Article
In: Geochronometria, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 41-52, 2015, ISSN: 17338387, (11).
@article{2-s2.0-84934877967,
title = {The 443-Year Tree-Ring Chronology for the Scots Pine from Upper Silesia (Poland) as A Dating Tool and Climate Proxy},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84934877967&doi=10.1515%2fgeochr-2015-0005&partnerID=40&md5=3ecd1ae7b90df3bc1cbef65e136719b5},
doi = {10.1515/geochr-2015-0005},
issn = {17338387},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Geochronometria},
volume = {42},
number = {1},
pages = {41-52},
publisher = {Walter de Gruyter GmbH},
abstract = {An annually resolved and absolutely dated ring-width chronology spanning 443 years has been constructed using the historical and living-tree Scots pine samples from the Upper Silesia, south of Poland. The constructed regional chronology, based on six object chronologies, covers the period of 1568-2010. It is composed of 178 wood samples with the mean correlation of 0.51, mean series length of 104 years and mean EPS of 0.85. In total, 65 extreme years were distinguished. Their inde-pendent verification, based on the historical and meteorological data, showed significant correlation with the exceptionally cold/mild winters as well as severe droughts. The comparison of the extreme years with the other Polish pine chronologies showed similarities in the years with the anomalous winter conditions. Some extreme years can be associated with the exceptional pluvial conditions; these years are common in the Central European hydroclimatic tree-ring records. The construction of this regional pine chronology enables for the absolute dating of many architectural monuments from investigated region. The application of the new chronology for the dating of local wood can support interpretations of changes in the environment of the Upper Silesian region. In the future it can also be used as the basis for climate reconstruction. © 2015 M. Opała.},
note = {11},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
An annually resolved and absolutely dated ring-width chronology spanning 443 years has been constructed using the historical and living-tree Scots pine samples from the Upper Silesia, south of Poland. The constructed regional chronology, based on six object chronologies, covers the period of 1568-2010. It is composed of 178 wood samples with the mean correlation of 0.51, mean series length of 104 years and mean EPS of 0.85. In total, 65 extreme years were distinguished. Their inde-pendent verification, based on the historical and meteorological data, showed significant correlation with the exceptionally cold/mild winters as well as severe droughts. The comparison of the extreme years with the other Polish pine chronologies showed similarities in the years with the anomalous winter conditions. Some extreme years can be associated with the exceptional pluvial conditions; these years are common in the Central European hydroclimatic tree-ring records. The construction of this regional pine chronology enables for the absolute dating of many architectural monuments from investigated region. The application of the new chronology for the dating of local wood can support interpretations of changes in the environment of the Upper Silesian region. In the future it can also be used as the basis for climate reconstruction. © 2015 M. Opała.
2014
Opała-Owczarek, M.; Mendecki, M. J.
In: Theoretical and Applied Climatology, vol. 115, no. 1-2, pp. 73-89, 2014, ISSN: 0177798X, (22).
@article{2-s2.0-84891665405,
title = {An attempt to dendroclimatic reconstruction of winter temperature based on multispecies tree-ring widths and extreme years chronologies (example of Upper Silesia, Southern Poland)},
author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and M.J. Mendecki},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84891665405&doi=10.1007%2fs00704-013-0865-5&partnerID=40&md5=d3f98b9d70d5c794bec7939944283bc7},
doi = {10.1007/s00704-013-0865-5},
issn = {0177798X},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Theoretical and Applied Climatology},
volume = {115},
number = {1-2},
pages = {73-89},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag Wien},
abstract = {This study aims at investigating pre-instrumental tree-ring based winter thermal conditions from Upper Silesia, southern Poland. The Scots pine, pedunculate oak and sessile oak ring widths and the extreme index were used to reconstruct winter mean temperature back to A.D. 1770. The climate response analysis showed that the pine is the most sensitive to February (0.36) and March (0.41) temperature, the oaks were found to be sensitive to the previous December (0.27) and January (0.23) temperature. It was found out that the combination of temperature sensitive species and an additional extreme index in regression can improve the reconstruction, with an emphasis on more reliable reconstruction of extreme values. The elimination of variance reduction and precise reconstruction of actual values of temperature is possible by scaling. The obtained calibration/verification results suggest that, through the application of the long-term composite chronologies a detailed study of the climate variability in Upper Silesia in past centuries can be provided. © 2013 The Author(s).},
note = {22},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study aims at investigating pre-instrumental tree-ring based winter thermal conditions from Upper Silesia, southern Poland. The Scots pine, pedunculate oak and sessile oak ring widths and the extreme index were used to reconstruct winter mean temperature back to A.D. 1770. The climate response analysis showed that the pine is the most sensitive to February (0.36) and March (0.41) temperature, the oaks were found to be sensitive to the previous December (0.27) and January (0.23) temperature. It was found out that the combination of temperature sensitive species and an additional extreme index in regression can improve the reconstruction, with an emphasis on more reliable reconstruction of extreme values. The elimination of variance reduction and precise reconstruction of actual values of temperature is possible by scaling. The obtained calibration/verification results suggest that, through the application of the long-term composite chronologies a detailed study of the climate variability in Upper Silesia in past centuries can be provided. © 2013 The Author(s).