@article{2-s2.0-85183326897,

title = {Short-Term Observations of Rainfall Chemistry Composition in Bellsund (SW Spitsbergen, Svalbard)},

author = { S. Lehmann-Konera and M. Ruman and M. Frankowski and Ł. Małarzewski and K. Raczyński and F. Pawlak and J. Jóźwik and J. Potapowicz and Ż. Polkowska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85183326897&doi=10.3390%2fw16020299&partnerID=40&md5=c604bc738c97b56ec1c857c187739d21},

doi = {10.3390/w16020299},

issn = {20734441},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Water (Switzerland)},

volume = {16},

number = {2},

publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)},

abstract = {Global warming results in increasingly widespread wildfires, mostly in Siberia, but also in North America and Europe, which are responsible for the uncontrollable emission of pollutants, also to the High Arctic region. This study examines 11 samples of rainfall collected in August in a coastal area of southern Bellsund (Svalbard; Norway). It covers detailed analysis of major ions (i.e.; Cl−; NO3−; and SO42−) and elements (i.e.; Cu; Fe; Mn; Pb; and Zn) to Hybrid Single-Particle Langrarian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT) backward air mass trajectories. The research of wildfires, volcanic activities, and dust storms in the Northern Hemisphere has permitted the assessment of their relations to the fluctuations and origins of elements. We distinguished at least 2 days (27 and 28 August) with evident influence of volcanic activity in the Aleutian and Kuril–Kamchatka trenches. Volcanic activity was also observed in the case of the Siberian wildfires, as confirmed by air mass trajectories. Based on the presence of non-sea K (nsK), non-sea sulphates (nss), and Ca (the soil factor of burned areas), the continuous influence of wildfires on rainfall chemistry was also found. Moreover, dust storms in Eurasia were mainly responsible for the transport of Zn, Pb, and Cd to Svalbard. Global warming may lead to the increased deposition of mixed-origin pollutants in the summer season in the Arctic. © 2024 by the authors.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85153100475,

title = {Divergence in responses of juniper tree rings to climate conditions along a high-mountain transect in the semi-arid Fann Mountains, Pamir-Alay, western Tajikistan},

author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and P. Owczarek and O. Rahmonov and Ł. Małarzewski and F. Chen and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85153100475&doi=10.1016%2fj.ecolind.2023.110280&partnerID=40&md5=c784e142349bca513acd04265c94fcb2},

doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110280},

issn = {1470160X},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Ecological Indicators},

volume = {150},

publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},

abstract = {This paper reports on a detailed dendrochronological and dendroclimatological study of juniper trees (Juniperus seravschanica Kom. and J. semiglobosa Regel), sampled at seven sites having different elevations (2200 – 3100 m) and exposures (south-north) in the Pamir-Alay mountains, north-western Tajikistan. We developed seven new, well-replicated ring-width chronologies extending back over the last 219–1320 years. Our results confirm that the main climate factor influencing radial growth in this semi-arid region is variability in precipitation. However, they also indicate that there is a divergence in dendroclimatic responses between low- and high-elevation sites, where different limiting factors play a dominant role. The radial growth of J. semiglobosa at the uppermost treeline locations is the most sensitive to winter precipitation. Tree-ring formation in J. seravschanica at low-elevation sites is strongly limited by spring-summer drought conditions and by winter temperatures. The results of PCA analysis indicate that the relationships between growth and climate are linked more to elevation than to exposure. It was also found that negative growth extremes at low elevation sites may be triggered by strong dust storm events. Our findings clearly show that precisely planned selections of topographically differentiated sites, including elevation and exposure, are crucial for the possible reconstruction of different climatic elements in the high mountains of Central Asia for the last hundreds to thousands of years. © 2023 The Author(s)},

note = {2},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85144949464,

title = {Trends in the indices of precipitation phases under current warming in Poland, 1966–2020},

author = { E.B. Łupikasza and Ł. Małarzewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85144949464&doi=10.1016%2fj.accre.2022.11.012&partnerID=40&md5=1fa3c6cb89f4b289e6f357650948967e},

doi = {10.1016/j.accre.2022.11.012},

issn = {16749278},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Advances in Climate Change Research},

volume = {14},

number = {1},

pages = {97-115},

publisher = {KeAi Communications Co.},

abstract = {In Poland the phase in which precipitation occurs impacts the availability of water in its reservoirs, the potential for hydrological droughts, snowfall flooding and winter recreation. The influence of warming on the occurrence of precipitation phases on the Polish scale has not been studied so far. Based on data from 42 synoptic stations for the period 1966–2020, this study discusses trends in the indices of liquid (Lq), mixed (Mx) and solid (Sd) precipitation describing their totals (T), frequencies (Nd) and contribution to overall precipitation totals (T%) and a number of days with overall precipitation (Nd%) from a seasonal perspective. Moreover, the influence of seasonal and daily air temperatures on long-term variability in the precipitation phase indices was assessed. The precipitation phase was discriminated based on the observations of weather phenomena noted as current and past weather considering days with precipitation ≥ 0.1 mm. Precipitation phases significantly reacted to current warming. The strongest and widespread were increasing trends in rains (+1.74 for LqNd; +5.35 mm for LqT; +3.51% for LqNd%; +4.08% for LqT% per decade) and decreasing trends in snowfalls (−1.92 for SdNd; −3.12 mm for SdT; −3.65% for SdNd%; −3.26% for SdT% per decade) in winter when the warming was weakest but average temperature was close to freezing point. In winter, air temperature explained 60%–80% of the variance in the frequency of snowfall and rainfall. Daily air temperature > –2 °C contributed to trends in winter rainfall while daily air temperature > 1 °C most contributed to trends in winter snowfall. No trends in winter mixed precipitation were due to opposite changes in its frequency above and below 1 °C. In spring, the increase in a liquid phase was due more to the melting of a solid and mixed phase, while in autumn, it was due more to the transformation of a mixed phase into a liquid phase. In spring, air temperature explained at most 30%–50% of the variance in the indices of snowfall frequency. Negative trends in mixed precipitation were significant in transitional seasons, being more prominent in spring than in autumn and were mostly driven by changes in daily air temperatures between 0 and 5 °C. A diminished percentage of summer rains on days with air temperatures below 15 °C was compensated by their increase above that threshold thus producing no long-term trends. Warming significantly weakened the relationships between precipitation phases and average seasonal air temperatures except for summer rainfalls. © 2022 The Authors},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85143652345,

title = {Rainwater chemistry composition in Bellsund: Sources of elements and deposition discrepancies in the coastal area (SW Spitsbergen, Svalbard)},

author = { S. Lehmann-Konera and M. Ruman and M. Frankowski and Ł. Małarzewski and K. Raczyński and F. Pawlak and K. Kozioł and Ż. Polkowska},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85143652345&doi=10.1016%2fj.chemosphere.2022.137281&partnerID=40&md5=1b1e48fb9de2c59a16a9dfa806b14f3b},

doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137281},

issn = {00456535},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Chemosphere},

volume = {313},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {Discrepancies in rainfall chemistry in Bellsund were found to be influenced by the orographic barrier and related to the variability in the inflow of air masses as well as to the distance of sampling sites from the sea and thus the extent of sea spray impact. This study covers measurements of rainfall (P) and air temperature (T), physicochemical parameters (pH; specific electrolytic conductivity (SEC); major ions (Cl−; NO3−; SO42−) and elements (Na; Ca; Mg; K); as well as trace elements (i.a. As; Cd; Cr; Fe; Co; Pb; Ni; Zn) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in 22 rainfall samples collected in August on the Calypsostranda marine terrace and in the forefield of a land-terminating glacier (NW Wedel Jarlsberg Land). The comparison of chemical parameters in the samples revealed major discrepancies; including statistically significant higher rainwater pH and SEC; and the levels of Ag; As; Bi; Ca; Co; Fe; Li; Mn; Mo; Ni; Pb; Sb; and V; deposited near the seashore (Calypsostranda) than in the glacier forefield. Cluster analysis (CA) showed that elements deposited in lower concentrations at the glacier forefield site came from predominately anthropogenic sources. Conversely; CA results of metals and metalloids deposited on the Calypsostranda marine terrace indicate both natural and anthropogenic sources. A correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) permitted identifying two primary factors affecting rainfall chemistry at each of the study sites. In Calypsostranda; these were the inflow of relatively unpolluted cold air (F1 = 35.1%) and sea spray (F2 = 27.6%); while in the glacier forefield the factors were an orographic barrier (F1 = 37.3%) and the inflow of polluted warm air (F2 = 25.2%). © 2022 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85130244205,

title = {A decade of glaciological and meteorological observations in the Arctic (Werenskioldbreen, Svalbard)},

author = { D. Ignatiuk and M. Błaszczyk and T. Budzik and M. Grabiec and J.A. Jania and M. Kondracka and M. Laska and Ł. Małarzewski and Ł. Stachnik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85130244205&doi=10.5194%2fessd-14-2487-2022&partnerID=40&md5=8056e47ce7607db329b08a2602f71612},

doi = {10.5194/essd-14-2487-2022},

issn = {18663508},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Earth System Science Data},

volume = {14},

number = {5},

pages = {2487-2500},

publisher = {Copernicus Publications},

abstract = {The warming of the Arctic climate is well documented, but the mechanisms of Arctic amplification are still not fully understood. Thus, monitoring of glaciological and meteorological variables and the environmental response to accelerated climate warming must be continued and developed in Svalbard. Long-term meteorological observations carried out in situ on glaciers in conjunction with glaciological monitoring are rare in the Arctic and significantly expand our knowledge about processes in the polar environment. This study presents glaciological and meteorological data collected for 2009-2020 in southern Spitsbergen (Werenskioldbreen). The meteorological data are composed of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, short-wave and long-wave upwelling and downwelling radiation on 10gmin, hourly and daily resolution (2009-2020). The snow dataset includes 49 data records from 2009 to 2019 with the snow depth, snow bulk density and snow water equivalent data. The glaciological data consist of seasonal and annual surface mass balance measurements (point and glacier-wide) for 2009-2020. The paper also includes modelling of the daily glacier surface ablation (2009-2020) based on the presented data. The datasets are expected to serve as local forcing data in hydrological and glaciological models as well as validation of calibration of remote sensing products. The datasets are available from the Polish Polar Database (https://ppdb.us.edu.pl/; last access: 24 May 2022) and Zenodo (10.5281/zenodo.6528321; Ignatiuk; 2021a; 10.5281/zenodo.5792168; Ignatiuk; 2021b). © 2022 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved.},

note = {6},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85114629031,

title = {Surface-based nocturnal air temperature inversions in southern Poland and their influence on PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in Upper Silesia},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and E.B. Łupikasza and Ł. Małarzewski and T. Budzik},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85114629031&doi=10.1007%2fs00704-021-03752-4&partnerID=40&md5=c91730def2b51bffd8c49199b853400d},

doi = {10.1007/s00704-021-03752-4},

issn = {0177798X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Theoretical and Applied Climatology},

volume = {146},

number = {3-4},

pages = {897-919},

publisher = {Springer},

abstract = {The frequency, strength and seasonal variations of surface-based temperature inversions (SBTIs) in Upper Silesia (Southern Poland) were examined using data from January 2001 to September 2020. Based on the air temperatures recorded at the meteorological station of the Institute of Earth Sciences in Sosnowiec (263 m a.s.l.) at heights of 2 m and 88 m above the ground, the vertical temperature gradient of the 100-m layer (γSos100 m) was determined. A lapse rate of γSos100 m > 0.5 K was defined as a temperature inversion. The measurements for 00 UTC (midnight) and 12 UTC (midday) were compared with data from the upper air station in Wrocław (116 m a.s.l.) located in the Lower Silesia Lowland, approximately 170 km NW of Sosnowiec. Based on soundings from Wrocław, in addition to the temperature gradient in the lower 100-m layer of air (γWrc100), three other characteristics of SBTIs were calculated: inversion depth (ID) or thickness in metres, inversion strength (ΔTi) in K and vertical temperature gradients across the whole SBTI layer γi in K 100 m−1. On an annual basis, the frequency of nighttime SBTIs (γ > 0.5 K 100 m−1) ranged from 47% in Sosnowiec to almost 59% in Wrocław. At both stations, the fewest SBTIs occurred in winter (23–38%) and the most in summer (64–75%). Moreover, they were more frequent in spring (52–61%) than in autumn (49–59%). The SBTI frequency was very low during the midday hours, amounting to 0.6–0.7% days a year, and it increased to 1–2% only in winter. Annually, the depth of 81% of inversions ranged between 50 and 300 m, varying seasonally from almost 67% in winter to 87% in summer. The presented research shows that SBTIs in winter were among the main factors contributing to a high concentration of particulate matter pollutants in the ground-level atmosphere. During nights with temperature inversions, the annual mean PM10 concentration reached 125% of the mean value, ranging from 114% in summer to 189% in winter. © 2021, The Author(s).},

note = {4},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-85089820782,

title = {Seasonal and vertical variability of saccharides and other organic tracers of PM10 in relation to weather conditions in an urban environment of Upper Silesia, Poland},

author = { L. Marynowski and E.B. Łupikasza and K. Dąbrowska-Zapart and Ł. Małarzewski and T. Niedźwiedź and B.R.T. Simoneit},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089820782&doi=10.1016%2fj.atmosenv.2020.117849&partnerID=40&md5=d0c65b4e064f6a3a076cab7996c52eda},

doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117849},

issn = {13522310},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {Atmospheric Environment},

volume = {242},

publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},

abstract = {PM10 samples collected over one year from the city of Sosnowiec, part of the Upper Silesia metropolis were studied. The locale was a gradient meteorological station, 4 m and 100 m above ground. The dominant compounds identified were anhydro-, mono- and disaccharides which were divided into three groups of organic tracers (OT): biomass burning (BB) including low-rank coal burning, pollen grains (PG) and fungal spores (FS). The BB group included: levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan, complemented with vanillic and dehydroabietic acids. The PG group included: fructose, glucose and sucrose, supplemented with D-pinitol, and the FS tracers included: arabitol, mannitol and trehalose. Levoglucosan reached 1503 ng/m3 in heating season at 4 m and 983 ng/m3 at 100 m. These values are among the highest mean concentrations of levoglucosan reported in Europe, confirming severe pollution of the Upper Silesian urban environment. We also suggest that the significant levoglucosan levels during the non-heating seasons could be from wind advected polluted soil and dust. All FS tracers correlate well with fungal spore counts, while the correlation of pollen numbers with their typical molecular tracers is statistically less significant. Weather conditions significantly influence the concentration of OT in aerosols. Among these, air temperature is a factor that affects the occurrence/existence of OT in the atmosphere, while temperature inversions are the main phenomenon which determines elevated concentrations of pollutants and their vertical variation in ambient air. For example, the concentration of BB tracers can be twice as high at 4 m as at 100 m under moderate to strong temperature inversions associated with low wind speed. Water vapor pressure and sun irradiation are also important factors controlling OT concentrations. This is one of the first studies of vertical differences in organic tracers which presents the variability and complexity of the processes affecting their concentrations in ambient air. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd},

note = {7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84962113293,

title = {Towards improving the Central Asian dendrochronological network—New data from Tajikistan, Pamir-Alay},

author = { M. Opała-Owczarek and T. Niedźwiedź and O. Rahmonov and P. Owczarek and Ł. Małarzewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84962113293&doi=10.1016%2fj.dendro.2016.03.006&partnerID=40&md5=54220abe2f6066c232296ef05b9fe402},

doi = {10.1016/j.dendro.2016.03.006},

issn = {11257865},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-01-01},

journal = {Dendrochronologia},

volume = {41},

pages = {10-23},

publisher = {Elsevier GmbH},

abstract = {Millennial long tree-ring records are crucial for better understanding temperature and hydroclimatic variability over the globe. Juniper is one of particularly long-lived species, which can provide more than a thousand-year record, especially in Central Asia. However, there is a lack of dendrochronological series from the Pamir Mountains. Here we report the first 1010-year (AD 1005–2014) juniper tree-ring chronology from the mountain ranges of north-western Tajikistan, the western Pamir-Alay. We present the potential of Juniperus semiglobosa and Juniperus seravshanica in developing millennia-long records. We sampled three study sites at the elevations from 2200 to 3500 m. In general, the climate-growth analyses show that radial growth of the Himalayan pencil juniper is positively correlated with the winter precipitation and spring temperature. At some sites tree rings were also positively correlated with summer temperature. Our findings demonstrate the importance of developing the tree-ring data network for the Pamir-Alay and its potential for reconstruction of hydroclimatic variability over the last thousand years in this region. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH},

note = {24},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84893845969,

title = {Variability of high rainfalls and related synoptic situations causing heavy floods at the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains},

author = { T. Niedźwiedź and E.B. Łupikasza and I. Pińskwar and Z.W. Kundzewicz and M. Stoffel and Ł. Małarzewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84893845969&doi=10.1007%2fs00704-014-1108-0&partnerID=40&md5=a504da9e4fc2dbe87fce1c526b205116},

doi = {10.1007/s00704-014-1108-0},

issn = {0177798X},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Theoretical and Applied Climatology},

volume = {119},

number = {1-2},

pages = {273-284},

publisher = {Springer-Verlag Wien},

abstract = {This contribution provides the basics of the climatology of the Polish Tatra Mountains in a nutshell, with particular reference to intense precipitation and its relation to atmospheric circulation. Variability of various precipitation characteristics, including selected indices of intense precipitation in Zakopane and at Kasprowy Wierch, is illustrated in this paper. None of the trends in these characteristics and indices calculated for the entire time interval exhibit a statistical significance, but short-time fluctuations are evident. The occurrence of intense precipitation in the Tatra Mountains is strongly related to three circulation types. These situations (Nc; NEc; Bc) are associated with cyclones following track Vb after van Bebber. In addition to changing frequencies of circulation, this study also reveals an increase in the frequency of the circulation types associated with extreme precipitation. © 2014, The Author(s).},

note = {59},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84907845547,

title = {Regional differentiation in probability of ice days occurrence in Poland},

author = { E.B. Łupikasza and T. Niedźwiedź and Ł. Małarzewski},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84907845547&doi=10.2478%2fquageo-2014-0032&partnerID=40&md5=4f42e4021a08c29b143b9649b6fdea14},

doi = {10.2478/quageo-2014-0032},

issn = {0137477X},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Quaestiones Geographicae},

volume = {33},

number = {3},

pages = {89-99},

publisher = {Adam Mickiewicz University Press},

abstract = {This paper aims at recognizing spatial differentiation in probability of ice days occurrence with reference to atmospheric circulation, using regional classification of circulation types for Poland. Daily maximum air temperatures measured at nine meteorological stations were used to recognize the ice days occurrence in the period from January 1951 to March 2014. The relations between the ice days occurrence and atmospheric circulation were analysed using catalogues of circulation types compiled for nine grid boxes within Poland. Linkage between the frequency of ice days and atmospheric circulation was recognized in the period of January 2001 - March 2014. A decreasing tendency in the frequency of the occurrence of winter ice days was found. The occurrence of ice days in Poland is clearly related to atmospheric circulation. In the entire area of Poland their occurrence is favoured by eastern and south-eastern advection of air during anticyclonic conditions (types Ea nad SEa). Regional variability is also noticeable. © Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University 2014.},

note = {3},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84892461351,

title = {Lidar observations of volcanic dust over Polish Polar Station at Hornsund after eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull and Grímsvötn},

author = { G. Karasiński and M. Posyniak and M. Bloch and P. Sobolewski and Ł. Małarzewski and J. Soroka},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84892461351&doi=10.2478%2fs11600-013-0183-4&partnerID=40&md5=b6de45de57d16d544df05b3bcf92df60},

doi = {10.2478/s11600-013-0183-4},

issn = {18956572},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geophysica},

volume = {62},

number = {2},

pages = {316-339},

abstract = {Two significant volcanic eruptions, i.e., Eyjafjallajökull (April-May 2010) and Grímsvötn (May 2011) took place recently in Iceland. Within a few days after eruptions, layers of high aerosol concentration have been observed by multiwavelength lidar of the Polish Polar Station at Hornsund, Svalbard. Measurements of the aerosol's optical properties indicated a possible presence of volcanic ash transported over the Station. The latter presumption was confirmed by the computed backward trajectories of air masses, showing their paths passing over the location of volcanoes. © 2013 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien.},

note = {12},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-84897574087,

title = {Floods at the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains - A Polish-Swiss research project},

author = { Z.W. Kundzewicz and M. Stoffel and R.J. Kaczka and B. Wyżga and T. Niedźwiedź and I. Pińskwar and V. Ruiz-Villanueva and E.B. Łupikasza and B. Czajka and J.A. Ballesteros-Cánovas and Ł. Małarzewski and A. Choryński and K. Janecka and P. Mikuś},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84897574087&doi=10.2478%2fs11600-013-0192-3&partnerID=40&md5=aa20aa74877ee8cbd69a98765bb40dc7},

doi = {10.2478/s11600-013-0192-3},

issn = {18956572},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Acta Geophysica},

volume = {62},

number = {3},

pages = {620-641},

publisher = {Versita},

abstract = {The present paper introduces the topical area of the Polish-Swiss research project FLORIST (Flood risk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains), informs on its objectives, and reports on initial results. The Tatra Mountains are the area of the highest precipitation in Poland and largely contribute to flood generation. The project is focused around four competence clusters: observation-based climatology, model-based climate change projections and impact assessment, dendrogeomorphology, and impact of large wood debris on fluvial processes. The knowledge generated in the FLORIST project is likely to have impact on understanding and interpretation of flood risk on the northern foothills of the Tatra Mountains, in the past, present, and future. It can help solving important practical problems related to flood risk reduction strategies and flood preparedness. © 2014 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien.},

note = {46},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-78149496519,

title = {A conceptual framework for multi-regional climate change assessments for international market systems with long-term investments},

author = { J.A. Winkler and S. Thornsbury and M. Artavia and F.M. Chmielewski and D. Kirschke and S. Lee and M. Liszewska and S. Loveridge and P.N. Tan and S. Zhong and J.A. Andresen and J.R. Black and R. Kurlus and D. Nizalov and N. Olynk and Z. Ustrnul and C. Zavalloni and J.M. Bisanz and G. Bujdosó and L. Fusina and Y. Henniges and P. Hilsendegen and K. Lar and Ł. Małarzewski and T. Moeller and R. Murmylo and T. Niedźwiedź and O. Nizalova and H. Prawiranata and N. Rothwell and J. van Ravensway and H. von Witzke and M. Woods},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78149496519&doi=10.1007%2fs10584-009-9781-1&partnerID=40&md5=5bc3fa67e0033b2860a1e72b854a8d89},

doi = {10.1007/s10584-009-9781-1},

issn = {01650009},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Climatic Change},

volume = {103},

number = {3},

pages = {445-470},

abstract = {A conceptual framework for climate change assessments of international market systems that involve long-term investments is proposed. The framework is a hybrid of dynamic and static modeling. Dynamic modeling is used for those system components for which temporally continuous modeling is possible, while fixed time slices are used for other system components where it can be assumed that underlying assumptions are held constant within the time slices but allowed to vary between slices. An important component of the framework is the assessment of the "metauncertainty" arising from the structural uncertainties of a linked sequence of climate, production, trade and decision-making models. The impetus for proposing the framework is the paucity of industry-wide assessments for market systems with multiple production regions and long-term capital investments that are vulnerable to climate variations and change, especially climate extremes. The proposed framework is pragmatic, eschewing the ideal for the tractable. Even so, numerous implementation challenges are expected, which are illustrated using an example industry. The conceptual framework is offered as a starting point for further discussions of strategies and approaches for climate change impact, vulnerability and adaptation assessments for international market systems. © 2009 The Author(s).},

note = {15},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{2-s2.0-77954951859,

title = {Classification of circulation types for Southern Poland with an application to air pollution concentration in Upper Silesia},

author = { M.R. Leśniok and Ł. Małarzewski and T. Niedźwiedź},

url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77954951859&doi=10.1016%2fj.pce.2009.11.006&partnerID=40&md5=99cf3d9101a4a29bacc875a0c1f1ea03},

doi = {10.1016/j.pce.2009.11.006},

issn = {14747065},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Physics and Chemistry of the Earth},

volume = {35},

number = {9-12},

pages = {516-522},

abstract = {The study presents the influence of synoptic situations on the level of air pollution in Upper Silesia. For this purpose, the calendar of circulation types for Southern Poland by T. Niedźwiedź was applied. Upper Silesia is the most urbanized and industrialized region in Poland. For this reason, it is one of the regions with the highest atmospheric pollution. Local meteorological and circulation conditions significantly influence the pollution level. The present research of thermal and pollution structure of near-ground atmospheric layer was conducted at nine points, representing both city and suburban areas, located within the Upper Silesia region. The study integrated measured results of temperature and selected air pollution indices (PM10; SO2; NO2; O3). In the Upper Silesia region, the allowable limits of atmospheric pollution concentrations are mostly exceeded during anticyclone circulation. Under these conditions, we can observe that the increase in pollution level is two-to-three times higher, especially with PM10 and SO2. Intensification of this phenomenon is mostly visible in autumn, winter and early spring. As soon as atmospheric circulation becomes cyclonic, the pollution level visibly decreases. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd.},

note = {34},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}